Non-elective employees and organizations who implement

government policy make up the Federal bureaucracy.





A.  True





B.  False





C.





D.





E.





Answer:  A

Among the important tasks facing the first Congress was to ratify

the Bill of Rights.





A.  True





B.  False





C.





D.





E.





Answer:  A

The first cabinet under President Washington was made up of

three departments of the federal government: state, war and the

treasury.



A.  True





B.  False





C.





D.





E.





Answer:  A

James Madison kept his promise made during the ratification

debates by getting the First Congress to draft a Bill of Rights

to be added to the Constitution.



A.  True





B.  False





C.





D.





E.





Answer:  A

In comparison with the executive branch as organized by the

First Congress, the Executive Branch today has grown larger

and more complex.



A.  True





B.  False





C.





D.





E.





Answer:  A

The Judiciary Act of 1789 created a Supreme Court, Federal

Appeals Courts and Federal District Courts.





A.  True





B.  False





C.





D.





E.





Answer:  A

The function of Federal District Courts is to deal with appeals

from state courts.





A.  True





B.  False





C.





D.





E.





Answer:  B

The Constitution provides for the political independence of

members of Congress by insuring that they may not be arrested

for anything they say on the floor of Congress.



A.  True





B.  False





C.





D. 





E.





Answer:  A

The Constitution prohibits both federal and state governments

from passing ex post facto laws and bills of attainder.





A.  True





B.  False





C.





D.





E.





Answer:  A

The Constitution protected the property rights of slave holders

by requiring state governments to return any slave who had fled

from another state.



A.  True





B.  False





C.





D.





E.





Answer:  A

The Constitution prohibits Congress from imposing a religious

test on people who hold federal office.





A.  True





B.  False





C.





D.





E.





Answer:  A

The Ninth Amendment provides for enumeration, which means

that individual rights are limited to those specifically included in

the Bill of Rights.



A.  True





B.  False





C.





D.





E.





Answer:  B

The Ninth Amendment was included in the Bill of Rights to

protect rights which were not specifically listed.





A.  True





B.  False





C. 





D.





E.





Answer:  A

The Bill of Rights protects individuals from violations of rights

by state governments.





A.  True





B.  False





C.





D.





E.





Answer:  B

The Framers believed it was necessary to preserve the "right of

the people to keep and bear arms" so that they could avoid the

expense of maintaining a standing army.



A.  True





B.  False





C.





D.





E.





Answer:  B

The right to bear arms is in the Constitution to ensure that

citizens could defend their liberty against the arbitrary power of

the Federal government.



A.  True





B.  False





C.





D.





E.





Answer:  A

Madison defined a faction as the conflict that occurs in allowing

the exercise of rights consistent with public order.





A.  True





B.  False





C.





D.





E.





Answer:  B

The first faction that developed after the ratification of the

Constitution was the political party.





A.  True





B.  False





C.





D.





E.





Answer:  A

The first political parties in the United States developed because

of differences regarding the role of the President in the new

nation.



A.  True





B.  False





C.





D.





E.





Answer:  B

The goal of Jefferson's Republican Party was the establishment

of a strong national government.





A.  True





B.  False





C.





D.





E.





Answer:  B

The goal of Hamilton's Federalist Party was the establishment

of strong state governments and a national government with very

limited power.



A.  True





B.  False





C.





D.





E.





Answer:  B

Federalists defended the establishment of a national bank under

Congress' authority to pass laws which are necessary and proper

for carrying into effect its delegated powers.



A.  True





B.  False





C.





D.





E.





Answer:  A

Federalists and Republicans seriously disagreed on whether the

United States should become involved in the war between France

and Great Britain which broke out in 1893.



A.  True





B.  False





C.





D.





E.





Answer:  B

The Alien and Sedition Acts were passed to outlaw political

parties which were organized after the ratification of the

Constitution.



A.  True





B.  False





C.





D.





E.





Answer:  B

The "Revolution of 1800" occurred when President Jefferson

allied the United States with France in her war against Great

Britain.



A.  True





B.  False





C.





D.





E.





Answer:  B

Critics of Judicial Review claim that it conflicts with principles

of representative government.





A.  True





B.  False





C.





D.





E.





Answer:  A

In our federal system, the scope of the national government's

authority grew significantly due to the Supreme Court's

interpretation of the "Necessary and Proper Clause."



A.  True





B.  False





C.





D.





E.





Answer:  A

The Constitutional principle established in Marbury v. Madison

(1803. was that the Supreme Court can declare an Act of

Congress as unconstitutional.



A.  True





B.  False





C.





D.





E.





Answer:  A

Marbury v. Madison (1803. determined that the states are the

guardian of the U.S. Constitution.





A.  True





B.  False





C.





D.





E.





Answer:  B

The controversies over how the Constitution should be

interpreted are focused on using contemporary social values

in terms of today's policy needs.



A.  True





B.  False





C.





D.





E.





Answer:  A

When the Supreme Court declares a law as null and void, it

means that the people only have to obey that law if they believe

it valid.



A.  True





B.  False





C.





D.





E.





Answer:  B

The people of the United States hold ultimate authority or

sovereignty in the United States.





A.  True





B.  False





C.





D.





E.





Answer:  A

A unitary government is one in which the central government

acts directly on its citizens.





A.  True





B.  False





C.





D.





E.





Answer:  A

A Confederation is one in which sovereign states share power

with a central government.





A.  True





B.  False





C.





D.





E.





Answer:  B

A Federal system is one in which state governments delegate

power to a central national government.





A.  True





B.  False





C.





D.





E.





Answer:  B

In the case of McCulloch v. Maryland (1819., the Supreme

Court established the supremacy of the Federal Government

within its sphere of authority.



A.  True





B.  False





C.





D.





E.





Answer:  A

In modern times, the Supreme Court has approved the ability of

the Congress to regulate a vast array of economic activity in the

exercise of its commerce power



A.  True





B.  False





C.





D.





E.





Answer:  A

Federal bureaucracies are:







A.  elective officials who make government policy.





B.  non-elective employees and organizations who make

     government policy.



C.  elective officials who implement policy





D.  non-elective employees and organizations who implement

     government policy.



E.





Answer:  D

Which of the following federal departments of government were

not created by the First Congress in 1789?





A.  State Department





B.  War Department





C.  Interior Department





D.  Treasury Department





E.





Answer:  C

President's Cabinet refers to:







A.  repository where important state papers are kept





B.  bank of offices in the White House where official business is

     conducted



C.  Federal Department Secretaries who meet and advise the

     President



D.  Those officials at the White House who meet and deal with

     foreign governments



E.





Answer:  C

Among the important tasks facing the First Congress in 1789

was the need to





A.  create a system of federal courts.





B.  ratify the Bill of Rights.





C.  appoint the cabinet secretaries.





D.  ratify the treaty which ended the Revolutionary Warm.





E.





Answer:  B

In comparison with the executive branch as organized by the

First Congress, the executive branch today has





A.  lost much of its original power.





B.  assumed more power than any other branch.





C.  allowed the cabinet to dominate the presidency.





D.  grown larger and more complex.





E.





Answer:  D

The Judiciary Act of 1789 created and organized all but which

one of the following in the United States court system?





A.  U.S. Supreme Court





B.  Federal District Courts





C.  Federal Courts of Appeal





D.  State Court system





E.





Answer:  D

What is the function of federal district court?







A.  Trial of cases involving the Constitution, federal laws and

     disputes between citizens of different states



B.  dealing with appeals of cases in a.





C.  dealing with appeals from state courts





D.  dealing with trial of cases dealing with state constitutions

     and state laws.



E.





Answer:  A

By drafting a Bill of Rights in the First Congress, Madison







A.  got all anti-federalists to support the new national

     government under the Constitution.



B.  acknowledged that the federal government was still subject

     to control by the states.



C.  kept his promise which had earlier ensured ratification of the

     Constitution.



D.  was able to call a second Constitutional Convention to deal

     with flaws in the original Constitution.



E.





Answer:  C

The Constitution ensures the political independence of members

of Congress by each of the following EXCEPT:





A.  they cannot be arrested for anything they say on the floor of

     Congress.



B.  they cannot be arrested for minor crimes they commit while

     Congress is in session.



C.  they cannot be required to express certain religious beliefs as

     a qualification for holding office.



D.  they do not have to stand for reelection once they have been

     voted into office



E.





Answer:  D

The Ninth Amendment was included in the Bill of Rights







A.  over the objections of Anti-Federalists.





B.  to protect rights which were not specifically listed.





C.  so that the states could not violate individual rights.





D.  in an effort to reserve specific rights for the states.





E.





Answer:  B

The Framers believed it was necessary to preserve the "right of

the people to keep and bear arms" so that





A.  citizens would be able to defend their liberty.





B.  they could avoid the expense of maintaining a standing army.





C.  the states would not be able to ban guns.





D.  citizens could be secure in their property.





E.





Answer:  A

What is a Bill of Attainder?







A.  legislative law that fails to pass in Congress but is still

     enforced by the President.



B.  a financial bill incurred by government in borrowing from

     the private sector



C.  a law which provides for punishment of a person or group

     without a trial in a court of law.



D.  a petition presented to a legislature by an individual or group

     of persons.



E.





Answer:  C

What is an ex post facto law?







A.  one that declares an act a crime after the act has already

     taken place.



B.  a law which limits postal delivery within the United States





C.  one that provides for punishment for an act that has not yet

     been committed



D.  one in which a court determines punishment without a trial.





E.





Answer:  A

The Ninth Amendment, which provides for enumeration, means:







A.  that citizens must answer questions asked of them during the

     federal census.



B.  the specific listing of rights in the Bill of Rights does not

     limit or deny other rights held by the people.



C.  individual rights are limited to the listing of rights included

     in the Bill of Rights.



D.  the rights listed in Amendments 1 through 8 are listed in

     order of importance.



E.





Answer:  B

What argument did Madison make which insured passage of the

Second Amendment, the right to bear arms?





A.  It was necessary for men to hunt for food.





B.  It would insure the ongoing success of the American arms

     industry.



C.  Citizens need not fear the oppressive hand of the Federal

     government if all citizens were armed and could individually

     defend their liberty.

D.  This was the only way to maintain an army. 





E.





Answer:  C

Madison defined a faction as:







A.  the conflict that occurs between a President and Congress





B.  the conflict that occurs between the national government and

     the states



C.  a group of citizens, either a majority or a minority, that

     pursues its own interests at the expense of the common good



D.  The conflict that occurs in allowing the exercise of rights

      consistent with public order.



E.





Answer:  C

The first political parties in the United States developed because

of differences regarding the





A.  role of the president in the new nation.





B.  power of the federal government.





C.  power of the judiciary over the legislature.





D.  interpretation of the Bill of Rights.





E.





Answer:  B

Despite Madison's constitutional safeguards, factions

immediately organized in the form of:





A.  social groups





B.  economic groups





C.  political parties





D.  radical groups





E.





Answer:  C

Jefferson's Republican Party was based on what important

principle?





A.  national government must be strong to deal with national

     problems



B.  best people in a society should assume power and run the

     government



C.  states should not be given more power than the national

     government.



D.  national governments should be strictly limited to its

     enumerated powers in the Constitution



E.





Answer:  D

Hamilton's Federalist Party was based on what principle?







A.  national government should not be strictly limited to its

     enumerated powers



B.  states should be given more power than the national

     government



C.  a democracy was the best form of government





D.  national government's powers should be strictly limited





E.





Answer:  A

Critics of judicial review claim that it conflicts with principles of







A.  original jurisdiction.





B.  the supremacy clause.





C.  constitutionalism





D.  representative government.





E.





Answer:  D

In our federal system, the scope of the national government's

authority grew significantly due to the Supreme Court's

interpretation of the



A.  "privileges and immunities" clause





B.  "free exercise" clause





C.  "necessary and proper" clause





D.  "full faith and credit" clause





E.





Answer:  C

Federalists and Republicans disagreed on what issue regarding

the creation of a national bank?





A.  whether it should hold money accumulated in the Treasury.





B.  whether the "necessary and proper clause" allowed Congress

     to create it.



C.  whether the President or private citizens should run the bank.





D.  whether or not the national government should own the bank.





E.





Answer:  B

The Alien and Sedition Acts put limitations on aliens and:







A.  made it a crime for editors, writers or speakers to criticize

     the government.



B.  outlawed political parties





C.  allowed more open criticism of government.





D.  required citizens to be more seditious in their speech.





E.





Answer:  A

Why did Jefferson refer to the Election of 1800 as the

"Revolution of 1800?"





A.  It was when the new government under the Constitution

     went into effect



B.  For the first time in modern history, control of a government

     was given to new leaders as a result of an election rather

     than hereditary succession or violent revolution.

C.  It secured the peace with England and American

     independence.



D.  It was the first election under the Constitution.





E.





Answer:  B

Marbury  v. Madison (1803. established what constitutional

principle?





A.  Congress can declare a decision of the Supreme Court as

     unconstitutional.



B.  A President can refuse to enforce a decision of the Supreme

     Court



C.  The Supreme Court can declare an Act of Congress as

     unconstitutional



D.  Any one of the three branches can declare a state law as

     unconstitutional.



E.





Answer:  C

Marbury v. Madison (1803. determined that ______ is/are the

guardian(s. of the constitution:





A.  the President





B.  the Supreme Court





C.  Congress





D.  the States





E.





Answer:  B

Controversies over how the Constitution should be interpreted

focus on what method of interpretation?





A.  ignoring the intentions of those who wrote the Constitution





B.  bypassing basic principles in the perspective of history





C.  never using contemporary social values in terms of today's

     policy needs



D.  using the liberal interpretation of the words in the

     Constitution.



E.





Answer:  D

By declaring an action of Congress as null and void, the

Supreme Court means that:





A.  the law is meaningless and must be rewritten to be

     meaningful.



B.  the law is meaningless unless signed by the President.





C.  the law is not to be obeyed or enforced.





D.  the people must believe the law is valid if it is to be obeyed.





E.





Answer:  C

Sovereignty, or ultimate authority in the United States is held by:







A.  the states





B.  Congress





C.  the President





D.  the people





E.





Answer:  D

A unitary government is one in which a:







A.  central government is subject to authority of local

     governments.



B.  central government is subject to authority of the state

     governments.



C.  central government acts directly on the citizens.





D.  central government shares power with the states.





E.





Answer:  C

A Confederation is a system of government in which:







A.  central governments delegate power to state governments.





B.  central governments act directly on the citizens.





C.  sovereign states share power with a central government.





D.  sovereign states delegate power to a central government.





E.





Answer:  D

A Federal system is one in which:







A.  a national government delegates power to state governments.





B.  state governments delegate power of a national government.





C.  a national government acts directly on its citizens





D.  the people delegate power to a national government and as

     citizens of a state, delegate power to that state.



E.





Answer:  D

The Supreme Court in the McCulloch v. Maryland (1819. case

established:





A.  the equal power of the Federal government and the states





B.  the supremacy of the Federal government within its sphere of

     authority



C.  the supremacy of the state governments over the Federal

     governments



D.  the accountability of the Federal government to the states

     and to the people.



E.





Answer:  B

In modern times, the Supreme Court has approved the ability of

Congress to regulate a vast array of economic activity through

the exercise of its ______________  power:



A.  commerce





B.  war





C.  welfare





D.  judicial





E.





Answer:  A

What individual rights are protected under the Constitution

against violation by state governments?





A.  No state may pass laws which "impairs the obligation of

     contracts."



B.  No state may require obedience to its laws by citizens of

     other states



C.  States may pass ex post facto laws and Bills of Attainder to

      protect its citizens



D.  Citizens are not subject to trial in states other than their own





E.  





Answer:  A

Individual rights are protected under the Bill of Rights against

violation by:





A.  the Federal Government





B.  the governments of various states





C.  state government officials





D.  local governments only if provided for in a particular state

     constitution.



E.





Answer:  A