John Locke believed that a government is legitimate only if it was created and governed by the best minds in a society.   	2	True   	False   	   	   	   	
Natural rights are those rights with which all persons are born.    	1	True   	False   	   	   	   	
The purpose of a social contract is to create a government that will make and enforce laws to secure individual rights.   	1	True   	False   	   	   	   	
An unalienable (inalienable. right is one that an individual earns by acting like a good citizen.   	2	True   	False   	   	   	   	
Restrictive laws and free and periodic elections are important restraints that limit legitimate government.   	1	True   	False   	   	   	   	
A republican form of government is one in which all citizens participate in making all governmental decisions.   	2	True   	False   	   	   	   	
Under the Constitution, Congress can pass laws and a President can veto them but the Supreme Court has no authority to deal with them.  	2	True   	False   	   	   	   	
The Founders believed that a constitution must establish limitations on those in government as a means of securing basic rights.  	1	True   	False   	   	   	   	
Totalitarianism and tyranny are examples of unlimited government, unrestrained by laws or elections.   	1	True   	False   	   	   	   	
According to the natural rights philosophy, the main purpose of government is to promote the rights of the ruling class.   	2	True   	False   	   	   	   	
The authority to enforce or administer federal law is the province of the President and the bureaucracy.   	1	True   	False   	   	   	   	
An important function of a constitution is to limit government.    	1	True   	False   	   	   	   	
The principle of private domain limits government from interfering in certain aspects of citizens' lives.   	1	True   	False   	   	   	   	
Civic virtue is the effort to show more concern about personal interests than the public good.   	2	True   	False   	   	   	   	
Baron de Montesqui influenced the Founders with his belief that the best way to promote the common good is to centralize all power in one government office.  	2	True   	False   	   	   	   	
The Founders believed the separation of powers was important because it would involve more able people in the governmental process.  	1	True   	False   	   	   	   	
Judeo-Christian tradition was important because it emphasized personal self-interest over the common good.   	2	True   	False   	   	   	   	
Madison felt that the best form of government for the United States was one in which representatives in government were chosen by the people as a whole.  	2	True   	False   	   	   	   	
The major contribution to modern political systems of the Renaissance and the Reformation was emphasis on individual rights.  	1	True   	False   	   	   	   	
The rights of Englishmen to which the Founders believed that Americans were entitled were those which the English monarch allowed Englishmen to exercise.  	2	True   	False   	   	   	   	
As defined in Magna Carta, due process of law means that government may take no action against the governed except by settled rules and procedures.  	1	True   	False   	   	   	   	
The writ of habeas corpus is important because it protects the individual against unlawful detention.   	1	True   	False   	   	   	   	
The Glorious Revolution (1688. influenced the U.S. Constitution and the Bill of Rights by establishing the principle that people have the right to obey only those laws they believe are legitimate.  	2	True   	False   	   	   	   	
Sir Edward Coke asserted that the Petition of Right (1628. was connected to Magna Carta (1215. because both confirmed that there were fundamental rights that belonged to all Englishmen since time immemorial. 	1	True   	False   	   	   	   	
U.S. Bill of Rights differs from the English Bill of Rights because it was ratified by the people and can only be changed by an amendment to the Constitution.  	1	True   	False   	   	   	   	
The Mayflower Compact (1620. was significant because it was an agreement by the Pilgrims to establish a political system unique to their circumstances.  	1	True   	False   	   	   	   	
The basic right that most fought over in the New England colonies was freedom of assembly.   	2	True   	False   	   	   	   	
The conditions in America allowed for the development of a social and economic system about the same as that existed in Europe.  	2	True   	False   	   	   	   	
Since property qualifications for voting were more easily obtained in the colonies, colonial governments were more representative than those in Great Britain.  	1	True   	False   	   	   	   	
In colonial America, the right to vote was based on one's ancestry and social class.   	2	True   	False   	   	   	   	
Religious intolerance by the British monarch was the basis for colonial grievances in the Declaration of Independence.   	2	True   	False   	   	   	   	
The Stamp Act (1765. raised the issue of "no taxation without representation" among the American colonists.   	1	True   	False   	   	   	   	
The First Continental Congress tried to get the British to change its policy towards the colonies by encouraging an increased trade with her.  	2	True   	False   	   	   	   	
The Declaration of Independence was a major effort to indicate the willingness of the colonies to remain under British rule.   	1	True   	False   	   	   	   	
Popular sovereignty under the new state Constitution after independence meant that the authority to govern was delegated to the government by the sovereign people.  	1	True   	False    	   	   	   	
The colonists resisted the Writs of Assistance because they gave government officials new powers to search and seize colonial property.  	1	True   	False   	   	   	   	
Governors in all state constitutions after independence could exercise no veto power over legislative acts.   	2	True   	False   	   	   	   	
The Virginia Declaration of Rights (1776. greatly influenced the writing of the Declaration of Independence.   	1	True   	False   	   	   	   	
Popular sovereignty is an idea that political power is derived from the people.   	1	True   	False   	   	   	   	
Most of the first state constitutions after independence provided for the supremacy of the legislature.   	1	True   	False   	   	   	   	
According to John Locke, a government is only legitimate if    	3	it works in the best interests of the people   	it was created by the best minds in a country   	it has the consent of the people to be ruled by it   	it is effective in achieving its goals   	   	
Which of the following statements about rights is inaccurate?    	2	A right is a claim to have or obtain something or to act in a      just or moral way.  	Natural rights are rights which persons are granted by their      government because of their good behavior.  	Civil rights are basic freedoms secured in U.S. Constitution.   	Political rights give citizens the ability to control their      government and determine its direction.  	   	
What is the purpose of a social contract?    	2	to determine the desirable social mix to form a society   	to create a government that will make and enforce laws to      secure rights  	to secure favorable relations between nations   	to secure an agreement by the poor to accept the status of      the rich and the rich to accept the status of the poor  	   	
If a right is unalienable (inalienable., this means that    	4	once a government grants it, it may not be taken away   	it can be exercised only if government allows it   	if person misuses that right, it may be taken away by      government  	some rights are so much a part of human nature that they      cannot be taken away or given up  	   	
What are two important restraints that limit legitimate government?   	2	choosing only wise leaders and governments that work   	restrictive laws and free and periodic elections   	restrictive laws to keep people in their place and good sense      of leaders that make election unnecessary  	effective economy and a social order where people know      their place in society  	   	
Which of the following is not a characteristic of a republic or a republican form of government?   	4	it promotes the common good   	political authority is shared by all or most citizens rather      than a hereditary monarch  	political authority is exercised through the people's chosen      representatives in government  	one in which all citizens participate in making all      governmental decisions  	   	
Constitutional government in the United States is organized to prevent the abuse of power through each of the following checks and balances EXCEPT  	4	Congress may pass laws but the President can veto them.   	President nominates certain government officials but the      Senate must approve them.  	Supreme Court may declare acts of Congress as      unconstitutional.  	Bureaucracy may refuse to enforce or administer laws it      feels are unjust.  	   	
According to the Founders, a Constitution or higher law should have which one of the following characteristics?   	1	it sets forth the basic rights of citizens to life, liberty and      property  	it establishes the responsibility of government to protect      those rights it feels are just  	it establishes limitations on those in government but no      limits on its citizens  	it allows citizens to establish their own individual private      domain--area of citizens' lives that it does not want      government to interfere with 	   	
All of the following are examples of unlimited government, unrestrained by laws or elections, EXCEPT   	3	tyranny   	autocracy   	republic   	dictatorship   	totalitarianism   	
According to the natural rights philosophy, the main purpose of government is to   	2	create a democracy   	protect individual rights   	create a system of separation of powers   	promote the rights of the ruling class   	   	
To say that the rights to life, liberty, and property are unalienable means that they   	1	cannot be given up or taken away   	belong only to citizens   	are subject to government approval   	are protected by the Constitution   	   	
Which of the following statements about a constitution is most accurate?   	4	Governments with constitutions are limited governments.   	Some nations do not have constitutions.   	Dictatorial governments lack constitutions.   	Constitutions may be unwritten.   	   	
According to the principle of private domain, government    	3	must pay just compensation if it takes private property   	may lease public lands for private purposes   	may not interfere in certain aspects of citizens' lives   	has no jurisdiction beyond its territorial limits   	   	
A person who has civic virtue is one who    	1	will set aside personal interests to promote the public good   	will work to promote equally personal interests and the      public good  	will set aside the public good to promote personal interests   	less concerned about the public good than his/her own      personal interest  	   	
An important influence on the Founders was the Baron de Montesqui who believed that government should be organized in what way to promote the common good?  	2	a system where power is centralized in one office   	a system where power is decentralized in the several local      governments  	a system where power is divided and balanced among      several social classes  	a system where power is concentrated in a single elite class      that can rule  	   	
Civic virtue is best defined as    	2	giving authority to government in exchange for protection of      your natural rights  	putting the common good above your own individual interests   	giving up some of your natural rights in order to create a      strong government  	separating power among groups to maintain a balanced      government  	   	
The Founders believed that the separation of powers was  important in order to   	3	make the government more efficient   	allow more people to hold office   	prevent the misuse of power   	provide for legislative supremacy   	   	
In comparison with the Greek and Roman ideals of civic virtue, Judeo-Christian tradition   	3	advocates enlightened self-interest   	emphasizes the common good   	stresses the dignity and worth of each individual   	reduces the importance on individual rights   	   	
One result of the rise of capitalism was that    	4	markets became more localized   	society became more rigidly structured   	people questioned the authority of the Church of Rome   	people paid greater attention to their private interests   	   	
How did James Madison define a representative democracy which he saw as the best form of government for the United States?  	4	one in which the people directly make their own laws   	one in which all classes are represented in government   	one in which elites choose representatives of the people to      serve in government  	one in which representatives in government are chosen from      the people as a whole  	   	
The Renaissance and Reformation contributed to modern political systems by emphasizing the importance of   	3	differing social classes   	rule by the best elites   	individual rights   	religion in society   	   	
The Founders believed that they were entitled to the rights of Englishmen which were   	3	rights which were earned by being good citizens   	rights which the English monarch allowed to be exercised   	basic and fundamental rights enjoyed by all Englishmen and      which the English monarch could not change or violate  	rights which Englishmen claims were theirs exclusively      because they were Englishmen  	   	
Magna Carta is important to Americans because it establishes each of the following governmental principles EXCEPT   	2	government should be based on rule of law   	government is based on rule by the best   	certain basic rights may not be denied by government   	government should be based on an agreement or contract      between the rulers and the ruled  	   	
In Magna Carta, due process of law means that    	1	No government can take action against those it governed      except by settled and generally agreed on procedures and      rules 	English king would have to recognize that rights could only      be taken away if the person is first notified  	law is only valid if it is passed by due process in the people's      legislature  	individuals must be granted their rights through a strict due      process by which the English king must abide  	   	
The basis of the British Constitution is each of the following historical documents EXCEPT   	2	Magna Carta (1215.   	Mayflower Compact (1620.   	Petition of Right (1628.   	English Bill of Rights (1689.   	   	
Feudalism is important to the development of constitutional government because feudalism   	3	established a hierarchical class structure for society   	introduced the idea of government based on contract   	unleashed economic forces crucial to the development of      nation-states  	created a ruling class from which government leaders could      be selected  	   	
The Magna Carta includes the important constitutional principle that established   	3	freedom of religion   	equal rights for all citizens   	government based on the rule of law   	the supremacy of Parliament   	   	
The purpose of a writ of habeas corpus is to protect the individual against   	2	accusation of treason   	unlawful detention   	cruel and unusual punishment   	self-incrimination   	   	
What was it that Montesqui admired about the British Constitution?   	4	It was based on king's surrender to the supremacy of      parliament.  	While the king was superior to parliament, he still allowed      parliament to make laws.  	It made judges superior to king and parliament.   	It created a balance of power between the monarch and the      two houses of parliament.  	   	
Why is the right to a writ of habeas corpus so important in protecting the rights of a person accused of crimes?   	1	Unless the authorities can present evidence that you have      broken the law, an accused person must be released from      custody. 	It guarantees a trial by jury of one's peers.   	It guarantees right to face one's accusers.   	It prevents the court from denying the right to an attorney to      an accused person.  	   	
The Glorious Revolution (1688. established each of the following constitutional principles that influenced U.S. Constitution and the Bill of Rights EXCEPT  	4	legitimate government must be according to a rule of law   	executive authority must govern through the supremacy of      legislative law  	government must be based on a contract between the rulers      and those who must be ruled  	people have individual right to obey only those laws which      they believe are legitimate  	   	
Parliamentary supremacy in England was achieved by    	3	a vote of the English people   	approval by several English monarchs   	execution of Charles I and overthrow of James II   	King John agreeing to terms of Magna Carta   	   	
Sir Edward Coke connected Petition of Right (1628. to Magna Carta (1215. by asserting that both were   	2	passed by parliament asserting its authority   	a confirmation of the fundamental rights belonging to all      Englishmen that had existed since time immemorial  	agreed to by a vote of the English people   	approved by the courts of England   	   	
Petition of Right (1628. in England provided for an extension of basic guaranteed rights and   	1	confirmation that taxes could only be raised with the      consent of parliament  	agreement by the king that parliament was supreme   	agreement that all laws must be put to vote of the people   	confirmation that British  courts alone determined the      constitutionality of British law  	   	
The English Bill of Rights differs from U.S. Bill of Rights in what important respect?   	3	It guarantees more rights than are guaranteed under U.S. Bill      of Rights.  	The monarch determines what rights persons enjoy.   	English Bill of Rights was ratified by parliament and can be       changed by parliament while the U.S. Bill of Rights was ratified by the      people and can only be changed by an amendment to  the constitution. 	There is no significant difference between them.   	   	
Why is the Mayflower Compact (1620. important?    	1	Free from English rule, the Pilgrims agreed to a political      system unique to their circumstances in the New World.  	It was the charter granted by English monarch which allowed      the Pilgrims to settle in the New World.  	It was an agreement between the Pilgrims and the Indians in      which they agreed to live in peace.  	It determined the basis for the sale of land among the      colonies.  	   	
What right was most fought for and resisted by colonial authorities in the New England colonies?   	3	press   	speech   	religion   	assembly   	   	
What conditions in America allowed for the development of a social and economic system different from those in Europe?   	2	Land was expensive and very scarce.   	Labor was plentiful with great immigration from Europe.   	Well-born of Europe were at an advantage in America      because they did not have to stoop to hard work or manual      labor. 	What developed was a society with very few poor whites      or wealthy whites but the majority realized with modest      prosperity. 	   	
Why were the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut significant in the colonial experience?   	3	It was the charter which granted land on the Connecticut      River to a group of settlers.  	It was the grant of religious liberty from British monarch.   	It was the first colonial constitution.   	It provided for a system of the sale of land in Connecticut.   	   	
Colonial governments became more representative than those of Great Britain because   	1	Property requirement to vote meant that more colonists, who      could acquire land more easily than in England, could vote.  	They allowed all persons, black and white, to vote.   	Any person, black or white, who owned property, could run      for office.  	As long as you worked, you could vote.   	   	
In colonial America, the right to vote most often depended on a person's gender and   	4	national origin   	social class   	ancestry   	property ownership   	   	
The Declaration of Independence stated the colonists' grievances against British rule as they related to   	4	economic opportunities   	military policy   	religion intolerance   	political authority   	   	
The Stamp Act (1765. raised what issue among the American colonists?   	3	prevented colonists from operating their own postal service   	required all stamps to have King George III's portrait on it   	no taxation without representation   	prevented colonists from mailing letters to other colonies   	   	
Why was the Stamp Act Congress so significant?    	2	It created the colonial postal service.   	It was the first gathering of organized resistance among the      colonies.  	Great Britain reacted to it by closing the port of Boston.   	It was the first, formal national government of the British      colonies.  	   	
What was the reaction of the British administrators to the Boston Tea Party?   	4	agreement that the tea tax was too high   	passage of Tea Act to impose a tax on tea   	refusal of British to ship away more tea to the colonies   	passage of Intolerable Acts which closed the port of Boston   	   	
The colonists agreed to impose their own trade ban with Great Britain in an attempt to force the British government to change its policies towards the colonies in  	2	Committees of Correspondence   	First Continental Congress   	Stamp Act Congress   	organizing Minuteman resistance   	   	
The main purpose of the Declaration of Independence was to    	2	seek peace with Great Britain   	challenge the sovereignty of the British Crown over the      colonies  	avoid war with Great Britain   	indicate willingness of the colonies to remain under rule of      British  	   	
Popular sovereignty under the new state constitutions after independence meant that   	4	the people ruled themselves directly   	states created governments without the approval of the people   	people could override legislative laws anytime they felt that      way  	the authority to govern was delegated to the government by      the sovereign people  	   	
Legislative sovereignty means a government in which    	1	most of the power is given to the legislature   	legislature governs without consent of the governed   	legislature can veto acts of the governor   	legislature can invalidate acts of the judicial branch   	   	
Governors in all state constitutions could    	4	exercise an absolute veto over legislative acts   	exercise no veto power over legislative acts   	veto only money bills   	veto a proposed law but the legislature could override that      veto  	   	
Virginia Declaration of Rights (1776. greatly influenced the writing of the   	3	Articles of Confederation   	Constitution of U.S.   	Declaration of Independence   	appeal of peace to King George III   	   	
The idea that political power is derived from the people is called    	1	popular sovereignty   	judicial review   	unitary government   	executive supremacy   	   	
Most of the first state constitutions provided for supremacy of the    	3	executive branch   	judicial branch   	legislative branch   	national government