1. Following Lincoln’s election
a. the desire of the southern states to secede was unanimous.
b. most representatives of the Upper South wished to negotiate.
c. northerners pushed for a war because it would be economically advantageous to
their industries.
d. the majority of northerners wanted to protect slavery in the territories.
[b]
2. What was the reaction of American women to the bombing of Ft. Sumter and the beginning of the Civil War?
a. Only northern women were opposed to mobilization.
b. Only southern women were opposed to mobilization.
c. Both northern and southern women were opposed to mobilization.
d. Both northern and southern supported mobilization.
[d]
3. Why did southerners believe that the Civil War would be short?
a. b. c.
d. [c]
They had a better equipped military.
They had a bigger incentive to win.
The French and British would quickly recognize their independence as a separate nation.
Their population was larger.
4. What year did the Civil War begin?
a. 1859
b. 1860
c. 1861
d. 1862
[c]
5. Why did the Democratic committee split over the presidential nominee in 1860?
a. b. c. d. [a]
Stephen Douglas refused to adopt a slave code.
Northern democrats wanted a strict enforcer of the Constitution.
Southern Democrats wanted a candidate who would not oppose secession. Western Democrats were interested in a candidate who would support land grants.
6. Why did Republicans decide on Lincoln as their nominee? a. He was well known nationally.
b. He had an impressive political track record.
c. He was a wealthy easterner.
d. He did well in the 1858 senatorial campaign.
[d]
7. Which group of immigrants were the first to enlist on the Union side?
a. English
b. French
c. Italians
d. Irish
[d]
8. Which of the following most clearly expresses Lincoln’s views on slavery when he was elected?
a. The states had a right to regulate slavery but Congress did not.
b. He was an abolitionist.
c. Existing states had a constitutional right to retain slavery.
d. Congress had the authority to regulate slavery.
[c]
9. What steps did Congress take regarding the secession of the southern states?
a. Congress remained neutral.
b. Congress immediately passed a declaration of war following South Carolina’s
secession
c. Congress passed an amendment guaranteeing slavery where it existed.
d. Congress passed an amendment declaring slavery illegal in all states and
territories.
[c]
10. Where did the Seven Days Campaign occur?
a. Along the Mississippi River
b. Along the James River
c. In Charleston
d. In eastern Pennsylvania
[b]
11. What was Sam Houston’s argument regarding secession?
a. He opposed it because slavery was protected under the Constitution.
b. He opposed it because Texas risked losing its status.
c. He supported secession as the only way to resolve the issue of slavery.
d. He supported secession as a way to avoid all-out war.
[a]
12. What finally forced the undecided states of the Upper South to choose sides?
a. Lincoln’s election
b. Declaration of Causes
c. Lincoln’s calling up the militia d. The election of Jefferson Davis [c]
13. Which of the following border states remained loyal to the Union?
a. Maryland
b. Tennessee
c. Arkansas
d. Virginia
[a]
14. What advantage did the South have over the North at the beginning of the Civil War?
a. larger population of men eligible to fight
b. geographic advantage
c. commercial allies
d. foreign allies
[b]
15. What percentage of northern officers left the Union to join the Confederacy at the beginning of the war?
a. 25%
b. 33%
c. 50%
d. 83%
[b]
16. Which of the following best describes the Battle of Bull Run?
a. It was a victory for the North.
b. It was a victory for the South.
c. It was a draw.
d. Not much blood was shed.
[b]
17. Lincoln chose General ________ to command the western forces.
a. Scott
b. Grant
c. McClellan
d. Burnside
[b]
18. In general, what was the attitude of most northerners toward slavery?
a. They abhorred the notion of slavery.
b. Most northerners were radical abolitionists.
c. Northerners were more interested in punishing slaveholders than helping slaves. d. The issue of slavery was not part of either political party’s platform.
[c]
19. Which of the following was one of the first actions taken by the newly formed Confederate government?
a. reinforced social divisions
b. banned political parties
c. discouraged European intervention
d. successfully engaged British support
[b]
20. How did the incident involving the British ship Trent affect Civil War strategy?
a.
b. c. d. [d]
21. What
a. It was very effective in gaining French and British support for the South.
b. It was successful in gaining French support but not British support.
c. It failed because France and Great Britain had stockpiles of cotton.
d. It failed because cotton was no longer used by French and British manufacturing.
[c]
It was an advantage for the Confederacy because it worsened relations between the North and Great Britain.
It resulted in an alliance between the South and Great Britain.
It discouraged European involvement.
Its resolution prevented a permanent break between the North and Great Britain.
was the result of the South’s “King Cotton diplomacy”?
22. What
a. They needed southern cotton.
b. The British sold much of their machinery to southern farmers.
c. The Confederates were winning major victories.
d. They believed the Confederates had successfully established a new nation.
[d]
encouraged some British statesmen to initially support southern efforts?
23. What
a. It was a major victory for the north.
b. It gave General Lee the ability to march northward.
c. It made a hero out of General John Pope.
d. Neither side gained an advantage.
[b]
24. Why was the battle of Sharpsburg significant?
a. It caused Lincoln to issue the Emancipation Proclamation.
was the outcome of the second battle of Manassas in 1862?
b. It was a clear-cut victory for the North.
c. Casualties were minimal.
d. McClellan successfully stopped Lee’s army from advancing.
[a]
25. In what year did the Emancipation Proclamation take effect?
a. b. c. d. [b]
26. What a.
b. c. d. [a]
27. What a.
b. c. d. [c]
28. What a.
b. c. d. [c]
29. What a.
b. c. d. [c]
30. When a.
b.
1862
1863
1864
1865
area was given the name of “no man’s land”?
Territories not controlled by either side but often raided
The area between the front lines of both sides
Heavily wooded areas where it was difficult to send supply wagons Areas that suffered the most destruction
was the purpose of General Order No. 100?
It laid out the rules for dealing with escaped slaves.
It was a treatise on artillery strategies.
It provided guidelines for the behavior of Union soldiers. It regulated treatment of spies.
was the main reason for the New York City Draft Riots? Servicemen were protesting unfair treatment of draftees. Young men targeted Democratic leaders in New York City. White draftees protested military service with blacks.
It concerned age discrimination in the military.
was the status of black recruits in the Union Army?
White soldiers were grateful for the added manpower.
There was little discrimination once black soldiers proved themselves in battle. Blacks were limited in the rank they could achieve.
White servicemen refused to fight alongside black recruits.
did the final surrender of the Civil War occur? January, 1864
December, 1864
c. April, 1865 d. June, 1865 [c]
1. Why was the election of 1860 unusual?
a. All the candidates had the same platform.
b. All candidates were from the same geographic area of the country.
c. There were four candidates running for president.
d. All candidates were major political leaders.
[c]
2. Lincoln’s platform can best be described as
a. conservative.
b. liberal.
c. moderate.
d. radical.
[c]
3. Which of the following statements best describes the position of Democrats during the Civil War?
a. Most Democrats felt Lincoln supported black causes over those of whites.
b. They were concerned Lincoln was too conservative regarding black rights.
c. Democrats gathered strength as the war progressed.
d. They agreed with emancipation but not equality in social rights.
[a]
4. Of all of the presidential candidates in 1860, who was the most politically experienced?
a. Clay
b. Breckenridge
c. Bell
d. Lincoln
[a]
5. What percent of the popular vote did Lincoln capture in the 1860 election?
a. 20%
b. 40%
c. 50%
d. 60%
[b]
6. In Lincoln’s First Inaugural Address in March of 1861, he
a. challenged southerners to defy his election
b. tried to appeal to the South’s sense of loyalty.
c. antagonized the South with direct and blunt rhetoric.
d. ignored the issue of southern discontent.
[b]
7. Following Lincoln’s election, which state was the first to secede?
a. South Carolina
b. North Carolina
c. Georgia
d. Virginia
[a]
8. What was Buchanan’s reaction to the secession crisis?
a. b. c. d. [d]
He condemned southern actions and proposed legislation to stop secession. He agreed with the South’s right to secede.
He publically condemned the action but did nothing to stop it.
He took a “hands off” approach.
9. Which of the following events led to the immediate declaration of war?
a. Lincoln’s election
b. South Carolina’s secession
c. Congress’s passage of legislation denouncing secession
d. The crisis at Ft. Sumter
[d]
10. Initially, the strategy of the North included:
a. treating the people of the South as citizens.
b. burn and destroy tactics.
c. ensuring that major battles occurred in the North.
d. confiscating all southern property.
[a]
11. Which of the following best describes the strategy proposed by Gen. Winfield Scott?
a. direct one-on-one approach
b. surround and constrict
c. search and destroy
d. attack and retreat
[b]
12. General Grant’s capture of Forts _________ and Donelson gave the Union forces access to Tennessee.
a. Shiloh
b. Sumter
c. Henry
d. Anderson [c]
13. Which of the following was a result of the Peninsula Campaign?
a. intense criticism of Lee as commander
b. a major Union victory
c. the capture of Richmond
d. the weakening of slavery
[d]
14. How did Union General Butler treat runaway slaves?
a. as contraband
b. returned them to their owners
c. held them for ransom
d. forced them to fight for the Union cause
[a]
15. Which of the following was an unintended consequence of the Civil War?
a. stronger bonds between native-born Americans and European immigrants
b. class conflict
c. increase in the power of the southern aristocracy
d. healing of old family feuds
[b]
16. Why was the Emancipation Proclamation so important to the northern effort in the Civil War?
a. It freed all slaves in the North and South.
b. It gave the North additional sources of recruits.
c. It disrupted southern society.
d. It prevented the British and French from supporting the South.
[d]
17. What was the purpose of the contraband camps?
a. b. c. d. [c]
They were a storage place for all confiscated military property. Smuggled goods from Confederate ships were stored there. They were used as housing for runaway slaves.
They were used as housing for prisoners of war.
18. In what year were blacks first allowed to officially enlist in the Union forces? a. 1860
b. 1861 c. 1862 d. 1863 [d]
19. How did the opinion of northern soldiers change towards slavery as the war progressed?
a. There was more support for slaveholders.
b. There was less support for slavery but not full emancipation.
c. Ending slavery became more of a reason to win the war.
d. It didn’t change.
[c]
20. What was one of the major concerns Lincoln had when he issued the Emancipation Proclamation?
a. where to house all the freed slaves
b. how it would affect foreign support of the Union
c. how it would affect border states
d. the adjustment of slaves to northern society
[c]
21. What made Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation different from similar documents issued previously?
a. It proposed immediate emancipation of female slaves only.
b. It called for a gradual process.
c. He was the first major world leader to issue this type of document.
d. It defined slavery as a federal, not state, issue.
[d]
22. What was one of the reasons why the South opposed the draft?
a. b. c. d. [a]
It automatically re-enlisted men for 3 years.
It exempted all members of the upper class.
It wasn’t necessary since there were adequate number of enlistees. It had previously been declared illegal.
23. What prevented the North from attaining an immediate victory in the Civil War?
a. b. c. d. [d]
lack of money
lack of supplies
lack of manpower
lack of qualified generals
24. Why did Union forces resort to the destruction of property as a military tactic?
a. b. c. d. [b]
25. One of a.
b. c. d. [c]
The need for supplies
Because of the fierce resistance by Confederate civilians To completely destroy the southern way of life
As a show of force to prove their superior power
the problems the Union had with its victories was replacing recruits.
replenishing supplies.
maintaining control over conquered areas. devising the proper punishment for traitors.
26. What were the circumstances of the Ft. Pillow massacre?
a. b. c. d. [b]
It was an uprising among northern prisoners of war.
It involved the killing of surrendered black soldiers by Confederate forces It was a rebellion of Confederate soldiers against officers.
It was a massacre of private citizens by Union troops.
27. Why was the Battle of Vicksburg important?
a. It was a clear victory for the South.
b. It gave southerners access to the Mississippi River.
c. It cut the Confederate forces in half.
d. It was more of a moral victory than a tactical one for the North.
[c]
28. What was Sherman’s 1863 Christmas gift to Lincoln?
a. b. c. d. [a]
Savannah Richmond Atlanta
New Orleans
29. Lincoln was re-elected in 1864 mainly due to the victories of
a. McClellan and Stuart.
b. Sherman and Burnside.
c. Sheridan and McClellan.
d. Sherman and Sheridan.
[d]
30. Approximately how many casualties were caused by the Civil War? a. 300,000
b. 550,000 c. 620,000 d. 1,000,000 [c]
1. Which of the following most closely describes the 1860 presidential campaign?
a. All the candidates campaigned nationally.
b. Lincoln appeared before both northern and southern audiences.
c. Breckenridge campaigned vigorously for the continuation of slavery.
d. The country was clearly divided by sections.
[d]
2. What year did South Carolina issue its “Declaration of Causes”?
a. 1859
b. 1860
c. 1861
d. 1858
[b]
3. As the new commander of the Army of the Potomac, General _______ was criticized for
not being aggressive in capturing Richmond.
a. Lee
b. McClellan
c. Scott
d. Jackson
[b]
4. How many states made up the original Confederate States of America in February of 1861?
a. 3
b. 5
c. 7
d. 10
[c]
5. Who were the copperheads?
a. Republicans who opposed Lincoln
b. Republicans who supported the South
c. Democrats who supported Lincoln
d. Democrats who were radically anti-war
[d]
6. The first clear defeat of Lee by a Union general occurred at
a. Gettysburg.
b. Manassas.
c. Shiloh.
d. Fort Wagner.
[a]
7. Officially, the Confederacy claimed the reason for secession was
a. to protest Lincoln as president.
b. to protect states’ rights.
c. to protect slavery.
d. to construct a new society, free from northern social values.
[b]
8. Although by 1864 most southerners suspected they were losing the war, why did they refuse to surrender?
a. Southern pride
b. Lincoln’s demands for surrender were unacceptable.
c. Major Confederate leaders believed that Gen. Lee would turn the war around.
d. They were hoping Lincoln would not be elected in 1864.
[b]
9. Where did Lee surrender?
a. Richmond, Va.
b. Durham, N.C.
c. Atlanta, Ga.
d. Appomattox, Va.
[d]
10. What question did the Civil War pose on a global scale?
a. b. c. d.
[a]
1. In most battles of the Civil War, __________ forces received the greatest number of injuries.
a. Union
b. Confederate c. attacking
Could self-government endure?
Could slavery survive in a democratic country?
Was the American government truly a republican form of government? Should the British eliminate their monarchy in favor of an American-style democracy?
d. defending [c]
2. What caused the British to refrain from officially recognizing the Confederacy as a new nation?
a. Battle of Bull Run
b. Battle at Antietam
c. Election of Jefferson Davis as President of the Confederate States
d. Refusal of the South to eliminate slavery
[b]
3. What was Lincoln’s position on slavery prior to issuing the Emancipation Proclamation?
a. b. c. d. [b]
He was going to eliminate slavery at all costs.
The issue of slavery was secondary to preserving the Union.
He insisted slavery was not an issue.
He strictly enforced the policy of returning run-away slaves to their owners.
4. Which of the following was a Civil War innovation for raising money?
a. printing money
b. using gold as currency
c. war bonds
d. taxes on income
[c]
5. Which of the following Union generals was the most successful in turning the tide in favor of the North?
a. Sheridan
b. Burnside
c. Grant
d. McClellan
[c]
6. When Sherman took over the command of Grant in the southwest, what was his goal?
a. take Richmond
b. control the port of New Orleans
c. retain control of the Mississippi
d. take Atlanta
[d]
7. At the end of the Civil War, which of the following statements best describes Lincoln’s view towards blacks?
a. He advocated full political rights for blacks.
b. He agreed with full political rights but did not embrace social integration.
c. Lincoln pushed for black men to have all the rights afforded to white men.
d. He advocated limited political rights.
[d]
8. What were “Sherman’s neckties”?
a. b. c. d. [a]
heated railroad ties twisted around trees to destroy transportation lines the hanging of southern traitors by Sherman’s troops
Sherman’s strategy for encircling southern cities
the constriction of supply lines to southern cities
9. What effect did the Civil War have on the north’s economy?
a. b. c. d. [b]
curtailed northern industry
encouraged standardization of production devastated northern farm land
Destroyed the North’s infrastructure
10. What lesson did Europeans learn from the American Civil War?
a. b. c. d. [a]
It taught Europeans how to improve their military strategies. Europeans should never interfere in American politics.
War is the best way to settle internal national differences.
It reinforced the notion of conservative democracy.