1. Why was Charles Finney so successful as a religious reformer?a. He made people feel guilty for their sinfulness.b. He had the money to finance his career.c. He had political connectionsd. He addressed his listeners as equals.[d]2. What did the leaders of the Second Great Awakening have in common?a. b. c. d. [a]They promoted social reform.They tended to leave emotions out of preaching They used the threat of hell as a conversion tactic. They preferred to preach in settled communities.3. In America, where did the Second Great Awakening get its start?a. Ohiob. Bostonc. New Yorkd. Kentucky[c]4. Which of the following was a side product of evangelical revivalism in the mid 19th century?a. establishment of many new religious sectsb. Christians tended to reject established ritualsc. stricter enforcement of traditional religious practicesd. concern for too much democracy in politics[d]5. Which of the following religions did not embrace the evangelical revivalism of the 1840s?a. Methodistsb. Baptistsc. Presbyteriansd. Catholics[c]6. In what year did the last American state eliminate state-sponsored religion?a. 1776b. 1789c. 1833d. 1850[c]
7. Ann Lee founded the religious sect known as thea. Mormons.b. Shakers.c. Quakers.d. Revivalists.[b]8. Finneya. free will.argued that people should reject sin by usingb. the teachings of educated ministers.c. the Bible.d. their conscience.[a]9. How did changes caused by the revivals of the mid 19th century affect traditional religious beliefs?a. Revivalists did not embrace the use of the vernacular.b. Revivalists wanted to keep the idea of predestination.c. Revivalists were concerned about the practice of immediate church membershipafter conversion.d. Revivalists accepted the notion of free will.[d]10. Why were northerners initially more involved with reform movements than Americans from other areas of the country?a. Religion was an important part of northern culture.b. Northerners had more available resources to fund reform movements.c. Northerners witnessed first-hand the effects of industrialization.d. Northern men had more political connections.[c]11. Which of the following was one of the biggest challenges during the reform era?a. friction between religious and secular reformersb. women’s role in reform movementsc. funding the projectsd. dealing with those who were opposed to reform[b]12. The first major reform movement involved the desire of reformers toa. improve factory working conditions.b. provide adequate housing for orphans.c. prohibit alcohol consumption.
d. improve sanitation. [c]13. Phrenologists were interested in which of the following?a. size of the skullb. lines on the palms of the handsc. shape of the feetd. length of the fingers[a]14. Which was the first group to support the abolitionist movement of the 1830s and 1840s?a. Westernersb. mainstream religious denominationsc. minority religious communitiesd. Northerners[c]15. Why was William Lloyd Garrison often criticized by fellow abolitionists?a. He was too radical.b. He did not want to include women in the movement.c. He promoted gradual emancipation.d. He would not involve free blacks.[a]16. Abolitionist violence resulted in the death ofa. Angelina Grimkè.b. Catherine Beecher.c. Elijah Lovejoy.d. Frederick Lloyd Garrison.[c]17. Leading abolitionists were opposed to which of the following ideas?a. emancipationb. deportation and colonization of freed slavesc. full racial equalityd. black abolitionist leaders[b]18. What strategy did reformers use to successfully legitimize their platforms? a. They passed appropriate legislation.b. They connected their causes with those of European reformers.c. Many reformers published books and articles.d. They used the pulpits to promote their ideas.
[b]19. Why did the women’s reform movement eventually split?a. There was a disagreement over which of the many reform movements womenwould support.b. Not all women agreed on the extent and nature of the reforms proposed.c. There was some concern that female leadership would hinder the cause.d. Women reformers did not agree on the role of black women in the movement.[b]20. Which of the following statements most accurately describes the women’s rights movement of the mid-19th century?a. Most reform minded men supported the cause.b. Middle class white women generally supported female public activism.c. There were no men present at the first women’s rights convention in western NewYork.d. A number of white upper-class women did not support gender equality in thepublic arena.[d]21. In what year was the “Declaration of Sentiments” issued?a. 1840b. 1848c. 1850d. 1860[b]22. A major monetary contributor to evangelical causes during the 1830s wasa. Angelina Grimkè.b. Arthur Tappan.c. Catherine Beecher.d. John Moffit.[b]23. Which of the following statements best describes the experience of blacks who attended church?a. They attended black-only churches.b. Morally, more was expected from black church goers.c. Morally, less was expected from black church goers.d. Efforts by whites to control Christianity among blacks failed.[d]24. What spiritual component of Christianity appealed to blacks?
a. Black religious leaders were welcomed by white Christians.b. Most Christians welcomed integration in churches.c. Christianity advocated equality before God.d. Christians supported immediate emancipation.[c]25. What percentage of blacks attended church by the end of the 1850s?a. 25%b. 50%c. 75%d. 90%[a]26. What lesson did many white southerners take from Nat Turner’s rebellion?a. b. c. d. [b]Teaching Christianity to blacks led to rebellion. Southerners needed to treat their slaves better. Slaves should be kept illiterate.Slaves must not be allowed to leave the plantations.27. Besides both being abolitionists, what else did David Walker and Angelina Grimkè have in common?a. Both were white.b. Both were from the South and considered “traitors.”c. Both advocated violence as a form of resistance.d. Neither of them considered full equality for slaves as a viable solution.[b]28. How did the nature of newspaper publishing change in the 1830s?a. Newspapers relied on political parties for financial support.b. Editors turned away from sensationalism.c. Funding came from mass readership.d. Reporters shied away from exposing political scandals.[c]29. America’s first major song writer wasa. Nathaniel Hawthorne.b. Walt Whitman.c. Herman Melville.d. Stephen Foster.[d]
30. Although Hawthorne’s novel The Scarlet Letter was situated in the late 17th century, what contemporary theme did it explore?a. democracyb. moralityc. segregationd. temperance[b]1. The area in Upstate New York renowned for its massive religious conversions during the Second Great Awakening, was known by what name?a. Finney’s Revivalb. Burned Over districtc. Revivalist Corridord. Upstate Revivals[b]2. What was the last state to break the connection between the state and religion?a. b. c. d. [d]New York Connecticut Rhode Island Massachusetts3. Which of the following was one of the first colleges to train evangelical ministers?a. Harvardb. Oberlinc. Dartmouthd. Yale[b]4. Why were itinerant ministers more likely to challenge the authority of propertied elites?a. Their education encouraged outspokenness.b. Because they traveled, they were less likely to suffer the social repercussions ofcriticism.c. They were jealous of elites.d. They believed the rich were more sinful.[b]5. In general, which of the following best describes the Second Great Awakening?a. Evangelicalism only affected Protestants.b. The reform movement hurt established religions.c. Gender equality was never a part of the reform ideology.
d. There was an increase in denominational institutions. [d]6. What contributions did Ann Lee make to the Second Great Awakening?a. b. c.d. [d]She promoted a life of charitable works.Her followers believed in a lifestyle of procreation.Lee taught the honorable accumulation of earthly wealth would lead to heavenly rewards.She and her followers believed in gender equality.7. What principle was unique about the original teachings of the Mormons?a. b. c. d. [b]celibacyplural marriages patriarchybelief in divine visions8. Why did Protestant Christians view Mormons as a threat to society?a. Because they had an alarmingly large number of followers.b. They embraced a theocratic hierarchy that did not adhere to the democraticpractice.c. They were willing to accommodate to regional influences in their religion.d. They believed in gender equality.[b]9. The interpretation of revivalist teachings quickly evolved into _______________, especially in the north.a. the quest for religious powerb. a desire to improve societyc. political reformsd. diminishment of active participation of church goers[b]10. How did the U.S. government help the reform movement gain energy?a. Religion was viewed as a component of good government.b. The government recognized that ministers were gaining political clout.c. Many new legal decisions gave reformers additional rights.d. Politicians became reformers to gain popularity.[c]11. Why were many of the reforms of the Second Great Awakening disruptive to society?
a. Reformers advocated violence.b. Reforms often challenged previously entrenched opinions and customs.c. Reformers often disobeyed local laws.d. Reformers were intent on changing the political process.[b]12. An early health reform led by Sylvester Graham promoteda. frequent sex.b. exercise.c. vegetarianism.d. frequent hand washing.[c]13. The1830s campaign against slavery gained national attention througha. the establishment of the American Anti-Slavery Society.b. the use of violence.c. restrictive legislation.d. presidential campaigns.[a]14. Why was it so difficult for reformers to change the status of women’s rights?a. The proposed changes often challenged traditional Christian society.b. None of the major leaders were women.c. There was little financial support for the movement.d. There was no precedent for change.[a]15. How did reform movements help to protect businesses?a. Employers devised ways to regulate the morality of employees.b. There were tax advantages to businesses who made charitable contributions.c. Legislation was devised to support business owners who accepted reforms.d. Business owners were often coerced into charitable actions.[a]16. Arthur Tappan played instrumental roles in all of these organizations EXCEPTa. the American Bible Societyb. the Home Missionary Societyc. the Seneca Falls Conventiond. the American Tract Society[c]17. American evangelicals who found appreciative audiences in Great Britain included a. William Lloyd Garrison and Frederick Douglass
b. Catherine Beecher and Angelina Grimkèc. Arthus and Lewis Tappand. Charles Grandison Finney and James Caugher[d]18. One of the few religions to remain intact in Great Britain following the American Revolution wasa. Calvinism.b. Anglicanism. c. Methodist.d. Presbyterians. [b]19. What part of evangelicalism did southerners most easily accept?a. b. c. d. [a]the concept of Christian slaverytemperanceelimination of violence in the southern code of honor the unimportance of worldly possessions20. How did the southern approach to reforms benefit southerners?a. Communities could control the recipients of charitable aid.b. It broke the hierarchy of the social order.c. Women were given more respect.d. It broke the southern code of honor.[a]21. How did southern evangelicals deal with the issue of slavery?a. They ignored it.b. They called for immediate emancipation.c. They criticized slaveholders.d. They sought ways to accommodate slavery.[d]22. What facilitated acceptance of Christianity among black slaves?a. b. c. d. [a]similarity between Christian and African beliefs good examples set by white Christians Christian slaves getting an easier workload getting Sundays off to attend church services23. In what year did the Nat Turner rebellion occur? a. 1820
b. 1831 c. 1836 d. 1850 [b]24. What argument did Angelina Grimkè use to denounce slavery?a. b. c. d. [d]It was not economically efficient.It caused a cultural rift between north and south. It was illegal.It would delay the millennium.25. Why did religious leaders condemn the rise of secularism?a. It challenged spirituality.b. They considered it vulgar.c. Secularism led to sin.d. It questioned traditional American cultural values.[b]26. Even though he considered himself an evangelical, what was unique about Emerson’s approach to reform?a. He appealed only to men.b. He did not believe in the ideology of individualism.c. He criticized industrialization.d. He wanted to reform the American mind.[d]27. Thoreau and Emerson embraced the new American philosophy ofa. Romanticism.b. Transcendentalism.c. Enlightenment.d. Rationalism.[b]28. What themes did American authors such as Hawthorne and Melville tend to write about?a. b. c. d. [c]distinctly American themesthemes that reflected European culture universal themesthemes that were mostly appealing to women29. How did Melville’s Moby Dick fit into contemporary society? a. It exposed the whaling industry of the Northeast.
b. It reflected America’s diversity.c. It exposed the negative aspects of industrialization.d. It glamorized the life of a sailor.[b]30. How did authors such as Whitman, Poe and Dickinson pioneer a distinctly American body of literature?a. by incorporating Asian literary devicesb. by using American communities as inspirationc. by referencing American iconsd. by adhering to strict rules of prose and grammar[a]1. Which of the following was a source of tension between reformers and other Americans?a. creating a society with Christian values in a diverse populationb. ensuring that individual rights were not hindered in the process of reformc. determining the proper role of religion and politicsd. deciding which reform needed the most attention[c]2. Which of the following groups of people were more likely to embrace the temperance movement?a. Catholicsb. Democratsc. immigrantsd. evangelicals[d]3. How did black worship change after the Civil War?a. Blacks built “black only” churches.b. The desire to worship diminished.c. The desire to worship increased.d. Blacks attended bi-racial churches but sat in separate areas.[a]4. Compared to other abolitionists, what was unusual about David Walker’s argument against slavery?a. his passionb. his religious zealc. his historical knowledge of slaveryd. his southern origins[c]
5. Who was the founder of the Mormon religion?a. Ann Leeb. Charles Finneyc. Joseph Smithd. Brigham Young[c]6. The main vehicle of expression for Emerson and Thoreau wasa. books.b. newspapers.c. poetry.d. essays.[d]7. Which Calvinist doctrine was rejected by revivalists?a. the Bible as an authoritative source of knowledgeb. predestinationc. grace as a necessary means of salvationd. free will[b]8. In what year did Denmark Vesey attempt a slave revolt?a. 1815b. 1822c. 1833d. 1844[b]9. How did black Americans feel about the colonization movement?a. They fully accepted it.b. They were adamantly opposed.c. The objected to it but were willing to compromise.d. They accepted it but wanted to choose the destination.[b]10. Which of the following statements is true about Frederick Douglass?a. He never experienced slavery first hand but he wrote about it extensively.b. He was a former slave who used his newspaper to open people’s eyes to the evilsof slavery.c. He was a former slave who did not support full emancipation.d. Although illiterate, he was still able to become a major player in the abolitionistmovement.
[b]1. What was the main focus of the early reform movement?a. b. c. d. [a]moral reforms educational reforms political reforms economic reform2. Which of the following organizations led the movement for immediate abolition?a. Pennsylvania Abolition Societyb. Quakersc. Northeast Antislavery Societyd. American Methodist Society[c]3. Prior to the 19th century abolitionist movement, slavery was opposed by thea. Quakers.b. elite merchants.c. Southern Baptists.d. Congress.[a]4. Why were British evangelicals drawn to America?a. Economic opportunities to expand their reform movementb. Religious persecutions in Englandc. Scarcity of U.S. religious denominationsd. Conversion of Indians[c]5. Southern women generally supported reforms thata. challenged southern patriarchal society.b. stabilized the institution of slavery.c. improved their social standing.d. made changes on a national level.[b]6. What was Emerson’s main criticism of evangelical reformers?a. They were too religiously motivated.b. Their morality hindered their actions.c. They relied too heavily on the written argument instead of action.
d. They tended to embrace individualism. [b]7. In his arguments regarding slavery, David Walker claimed thata. b. c. d. [a]all the problems in America were caused by slavery.blacks were not ready for self-rule.black Americans would need help from whites to educate themselves. the abolition movement should be solely in the province of freed blacks.8. What was Thoreau’s relationship with the natural world?a. b. c.d. [d]He promoted the maximization of land use.He believed man and nature should be separate from each other.Materialism was necessary to sustain growth, even if it meant the diminishment of natural resources.He encouraged men and women to respect nature.9. In his observations of American life, Alexis de Tocquevillea. b. c. d. [b]condemned American politics.was skeptical about democracy.believed majority rule would cause tyranny. criticized American’s investment in the public world.10. Which of the following groups of people were most likely to belong to the Whig Party?a. Catholicsb. Residents of the deep southc. Voters who wanted the government to ease its control over businessesd. Protestants[d]