<QUESTIONLIST> <QUESTION id='q1' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q2' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q3' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q4' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q5' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q6' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q7' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q8' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q9' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q10' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q11' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q12' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q13' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q14' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q15' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q16' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q17' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q18' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q19' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q20' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q21' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q22' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q23' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q24' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q25' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q26' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q27' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q28' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q29' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q30' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q31' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q32' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q33' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q34' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q35' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q36' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q37' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q38' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q39' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q40' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q41' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q42' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q43' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q44' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q45' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q46' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q47' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q48' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q49' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q50' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q51' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q52' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q53' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q54' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q55' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q56' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q57' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q58' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q59' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q60' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q61' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q62' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q63' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q64' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q65' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q66' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q67' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q68' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q69' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q70' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q71' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q72' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q73' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q74' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> </QUESTIONLIST> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q1'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Who served as President Eisenhower's secretary of state?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q1_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Charles Wilson]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q1_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[John Foster Dulles]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q1_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[George Humphrey]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q1_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Allen Dulles]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q1_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Robert McNamara]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q1_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q2'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[All of the following serve to explain why the war in Korea came to an end when it did except]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q2_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Mao became gravely ill, threatening the Chinese leadership and encouraging them to end their participation in the war.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q2_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[the U.S. Secretary of State warned the Chinese that the U.S. would not rule out the use of atomic weapons.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q2_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Joseph Stalin died, helping to spur the peace process.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q2_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[the communists suffered huge battlefield losses.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q2_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[All of these served to expedite the end of the war.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q2_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q3'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Joseph McCarthy's televised hearings of 1954 resulted in which of the following?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q3_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[President Eisenhower won new respect for Senator McCarthy.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q3_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The nation was convinced McCarthy's claims were valid.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q3_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[McCarthy was censured by Congress for his overzealous methods.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q3_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[McCarthy used this as a springboard in his bid to become majority leader of the senate.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q3_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Over 10,000 communists were rooted out of government and the military.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q3_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q4'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[What did John Foster Dulles label the buildup of atomic warheads and the implied threat of using them?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q4_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Containment]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q4_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Brinksmanship]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q4_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Covert action]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q4_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA["New Look"]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q4_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Domino theory]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q4_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q5'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[During the 1950s, the CIA was actively involved in which of the following countries?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q5_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Iran]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q5_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Guatemala]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q5_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Vietnam]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q5_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[All of these]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q5_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[None of these]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q5_a4'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q6'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[In 1954, Vietnam was temporarily divided at the]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q6_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[thirty-eighth parallel.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q6_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[fifty-fourth parallel.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q6_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[seventeenth parallel.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q6_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[twenty-fifth parallel.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q6_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[twelfth parallel.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q6_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q7'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Which country held Vietnam as a colony at the end of World War II?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q7_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The United States]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q7_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Great Britain]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q7_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[France]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q7_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Germany]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q7_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Belgium]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q7_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q8'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[All of the following statements regarding Supreme Court Chief Justice Earl Warren are true, except]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q8_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[He was President Eisenhower's first appointment to the U.S. Supreme Court.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q8_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[He was Governor of California at the time of his appointment.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q8_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[He was more liberal than Eisenhower on social issues.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q8_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[He would anger Eisenhower at times with his decisions from the bench during his tenure.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q8_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[In time, he permanently lost Eisenhower's respect for being too liberal.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q8_a5'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q9'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[What did the Supreme Court rule in the 1954 Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka case?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q9_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[It refused to rule on the question of segregation.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q9_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[It declared separate educational facilities to be inherently unequal.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q9_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[It continued to support the doctrine of separate but equal.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q9_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[It ruled that the NAACP's case had no merit.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q9_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[It said that segregation should end "with all deliberate speed."]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q9_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q10'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[How did the South respond to court-ordered desegregation?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q10_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[With massive resistance at all levels]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q10_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[By moving immediately to end discrimination in schools]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q10_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[With grudging acceptance of the decisions]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q10_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[By closing all of its schools]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q10_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[By filing an immediate appeal]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q10_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q11'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Which African American seamstress refused to step to the back of the bus in Montgomery, Alabama, in 1955, precipitating the famous bus boycott?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q11_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Rosa Parks]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q11_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Odetta Taylor]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q11_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Coretta Scott King]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q11_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Sara Carmichael]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q11_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Odetta King]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q11_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q12'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Why did the Montgomery bus boycott succeed?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q12_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The federal courts struck down Alabama's law requiring racial segregation in public transportation.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q12_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The city bus companies were almost bankrupted.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q12_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Downtown merchants were badly hurt by the loss of black business.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q12_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Montgomery blacks were determined not to let the boycott fall apart.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q12_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[All of these]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q12_a5'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q13'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[In what city did active African American protest against discrimination begin?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q13_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Washington, D.C.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q13_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Little Rock, Arkansas]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q13_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Montgomery, Alabama]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q13_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Selma, Alabama]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q13_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Birmingham, Alabama]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q13_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q14'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[What did Martin Luther King, Jr.'s philosophy of protest stress?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q14_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Active, massive protest in the streets]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q14_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Acceptance of discrimination until the courts could act]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q14_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Nonviolent, passive resistance]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q14_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Intensive, radical action]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q14_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Both A and C]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q14_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q15'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[All of the following statements accurately describes the impact of television in the 1950s except]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q15_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[stars such as Milton Berle and Ed Sullivan appeared on the new medium and remained household fixtures for years.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q15_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[politicians were slow to use the medium, fearing it might make them look bad nationally.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q15_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[television shows showcased consumer products, resulting in a stronger demand by the U.S. public.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q15_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[television became so popular in the 1950s, it resulted in an increase in sales of TV sets to 20,000 a day.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q15_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[by the mid 1950s, all three major networks (NBC, ABC, and CBS) were in operation.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q15_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q16'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[U.S. society, as portrayed in early television, had all of the following characteristics except]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q16_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[successful middle-class African American families overcoming discrimination.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q16_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[a mother who was always a housewife and a father who held a pressure-free white-collar job.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q16_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[married women in sitcoms who did not work outside the home.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q16_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[single women in sitcoms who rarely took their jobs seriously and spent most of their time looking for husbands.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q16_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[well-adjusted, witty children.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q16_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q17'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[During the late 1950s, most money in the television industry was spent on]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q17_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[crime dramas.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q17_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[soap operas.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q17_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[westerns.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q17_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[commercials.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q17_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[game shows.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q17_a4'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q18'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Which of the following statements regarding rock 'n' roll culture of the 1950s is true?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q18_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Record sales doubled during the decade.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q18_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The genre's first national hit was "Rock Around the Clock" by Elvis Presley.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q18_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Disc jockey Alan Freed became the self-proclaimed father of rock 'n' roll.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q18_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Rock 'n' roll was a measured, acceptable response to the excesses of black rhythm and blues.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q18_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Both C and D]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q18_a5'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q19'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Which of the following statements regarding the rise of Elvis Presley is false?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q19_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[He was deeply influenced by African American music and gospel songs.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q19_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[He was a riveting performer, combining little boy shyness with enormous sexual drive.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q19_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[He refused to go on television, in spite of his popularity, because 1950s television would only censor his performance.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q19_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[His success inspired major record companies to experiment with black rhythm and blues, although white artists were sometimes still used to record toned-down versions for white teenagers.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q19_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The more adults criticized his music, the more popular he became with teenagers]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q19_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q20'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Which of the following statements regarding the Beat movement is true?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q20_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[It was comprised of older Americans who were fed up with the excesses of rock 'n' roll.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q20_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[It was centered in the literary societies of San Francisco and New York.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q20_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[It despised politics, modern technology, and the consumer craze.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q20_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Both B and C]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q20_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Both A and C]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q20_a4'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q21'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[What debilitating disease was finally conquered by a vaccine in the 1950s?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q21_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Diphtheria]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q21_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Poliomyelitis]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q21_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Viral pneumonia]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q21_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Childhood heart disease]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q21_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Encephalitis]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q21_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q22'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Which of the following statements regarding the Federal Highway Act of 1956 is true?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q22_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[It initiated the construction of 40,000 miles of interstate roads over a decade.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q22_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[It was passed, in part, because Eisenhower wanted the ability to evacuate the nation's cities rapidly in case of a nuclear attack.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q22_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[It led to improvements in many seemingly unrelated areas of the economy.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q22_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[It was financed with $25 billion in new taxes on cars, trucks, and gasoline.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q22_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[All of these statements are true.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q22_a5'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q23'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Which of the following statements regarding the Hungarian crisis of 1956 is true?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q23_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[When Khrushchev denounced Stalin, the Hungarians successfully overthrew the communist government and installed a democratic leader.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q23_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The Russians were unable to put down the Hungarian revolt.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q23_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Eisenhower refused to send U.S. troops or to airlift supplies to the resisters.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q23_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The Hungarians were successful in pushing back Soviet troops and preserving their independence.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q23_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Both B and D]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q23_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q24'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Which of the following events took place during the Egyptian crisis of the 1950s?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q24_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Nasser took power in 1952 and began to make overtures of peace toward the Soviet Union.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q24_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The United States tried to control Nasser by withholding much-needed economic aid.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q24_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[When the United States withdrew its offer to build the Aswan Dam, Nasser seized the Suez Canal.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q24_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Eisenhower supported an invasion by the British, French, and Israelis, hoping to make a stand against the Soviet Union in the Mideast.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q24_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The White House made a public demand that the British, French, and Israelis withdraw from Egypt.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q24_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q25'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[What was the response to Governor Faubus's decision to call out the Arkansas National Guard to keep black students from entering Little Rock's Central High School?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q25_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The Arkansas National Guard stood by as angry whites beat the students and their supporters.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q25_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Eisenhower considered sending army paratroopers to diffuse the situation but eventually decided against that action.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q25_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Eisenhower nationalized the National Guard and ordered its troops to protect the students as they entered the school.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q25_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Faubus stood on the steps of the school and defied all the troops, and Eisenhower backed down temporarily.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q25_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Governor George Wallace of Alabama sent his fellow governor a telegram of support.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q25_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q26'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Which of the following statements regarding U.S.-Soviet relations in the 1950s is false?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q26_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Following the Soviets' launch of Sputnik, Americans began criticizing the U.S. education system.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q26_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Eisenhower released secret photos of the inferior Soviet nuclear systems to prove the United States was well ahead of the Soviet Union in nuclear research and delivery systems.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q26_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The U-2 plane provided excellent intelligence on the Soviet Union, but it was a secret from both the Soviets and the U.S. public.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q26_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The launch of Sputnik shook Americans' pride in their technological achievements and presumed technological superiority.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q26_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[All of these statements are true.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q26_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q27'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Who was John F. Kennedy's Republican opponent in the presidential election of 1960?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q27_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Dwight Eisenhower]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q27_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Richard Nixon]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q27_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Lyndon Johnson]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q27_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[John Nance Garner]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q27_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[J. Edgar Hoover]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q27_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q28'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[In the summer of 1959, Vice President Richard Nixon visited]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q28_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Vietnam.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q28_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[France and Germany.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q28_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[the Soviet Union.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q28_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[China.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q28_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Japan.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q28_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q29'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Which of the following statements regarding the election of 1960 is true?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q29_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Richard Nixon received the Republican nomination on the first ballot, and John Kennedy won the Democratic nomination after numerous ballots.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q29_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Kennedy offended southerners when he refused to accept Johnson as his vice-presidential running mate until he was forced to do so by the convention.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q29_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Kennedy met the issue of his Catholicism head on, vowing to preserve separation of church and state.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q29_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[In a series of television debates, Nixon showed that he was not the inexperienced politician that the Democrats had claimed.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q29_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[As the campaign kicked off, it appeared that Nixon would handily defeat Kennedy.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q29_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q30'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Which of the following sets of events took place in the same year?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q30_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka case and the Montgomery bus boycott]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q30_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The Federal Highway Act and the launch of Sputnik]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q30_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The end of the Korean war and the death of Joseph Stalin]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q30_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The U-2 spy plane is shot down over the Soviet Union and the start of the U.S. manned space program]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q30_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q31'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Which of the following statements regarding the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) is true?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q31_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Eisenhower named Allen Dulles to head the CIA in 1953.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q31_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The CIA forced the overthrow of Guatemala's president in 1954.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q31_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The CIA helped overthrow the shah of Iran in 1953.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q31_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Both A and B]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q31_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Both B and C]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q31_a4'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q32'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The CIA first became involved in which of the following countries?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q32_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Guatemala]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q32_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Iran]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q32_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Vietnam]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q32_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Cuba]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q32_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q33'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Of the following events that took place during the civil rights movement, which was the last to occur?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q33_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The Montgomery bus boycott]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q33_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka case]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q33_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Integration of Little Rock's Central High]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q33_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Southern states' issuing the Southern Manifesto]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q33_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q34'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Which of the following crises did the U.S. government attend to first?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q34_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The Suez Canal crisis]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q34_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The shooting down of a U-2 spy plane by the Soviets]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q34_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The Little Rock integration crisis]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q34_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The overthrow of the shah in Iran]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q34_a4'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q35'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[In 1953, the Eisenhower administration suspended the top security clearance of J. Robert Oppenheimer, director of the Manhattan Project, because of fears of communism.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q35_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q35_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q35_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q36'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Eisenhower's "New Look" military program added 20 percent to defense spending during his first term in office.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q36_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q36_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q36_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q37'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The Supreme Court decisions in McLauren v. Oklahoma and Sweatt v. Painter began to chip away at the Plessy "separate but equal" doctrine as applied to graduate school admissions.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q37_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q37_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q37_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q38'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[African Americans were subjected to strictly enforced segregation laws and meticulous rules of racial etiquette in Montgomery, Alabama, which was known as the "cradle of the Confederacy."]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q38_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q38_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q38_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q39'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The one detail that defined teenagers in the 1950s more than anything else was their music.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q39_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q39_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q39_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q40'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Americans questioned Eisenhower's ability to run for reelection in 1956 because he had suffered a stroke that kept him sidelined for about three months in 1955.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q40_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q40_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q40_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q41'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[One reason for passage of the Federal Highway Act of 1956 was that the government wanted the ability to evacuate cities quickly in the event of a nuclear attack.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q41_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q41_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q41_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q42'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Vice President Nixon wanted to leave his position in 1956 to run for the Senate, but Eisenhower persuaded him to remain in his current position.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q42_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q42_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q42_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q43'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The Soviet Union's launch of Sputnik in 1957 shocked Americans into changing their educational system.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q43_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q43_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q43_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q44'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[One decisive factor that influenced voters in the 1960 presidential election was a series of televised debates between Kennedy and Nixon.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q44_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q44_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q44_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q45'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: Transferred coastal oil land from the federal government to the states, an action strongly supported by newly elected president Dwight Eisenhower]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q45_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Tidelands Oil Act]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q46'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: Eisenhower's secretary of state, noted for his toughness and his willingness to take the heat for the president's decisions]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q46_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[John Foster Dulles]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q47'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: Senator in the forefront of the hunt for subversives in the U.S. government; he was finally censured by Congress for his outrageous attacks]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q47_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Joseph McCarthy]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q48'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: Eisenhower's military plans that included building up large stores of nuclear weapons and long-range bombers while cutting overall defense spending]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q48_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[the New Look]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q49'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: Secretary of State Dulles's aim to use the threat of nuclear weapons to keep enemies of the United States in line; originated from the belief that the nation could "go to the brink" of nuclear war and "step off" if necessary]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q49_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[brinksmanship]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q50'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: Leader of the oil-rich Middle Eastern country who was deposed in 1953 and returned to power through CIA operations inside that country]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q50_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[the shah of Iran]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q51'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: Communist leader of North Vietnam]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q51_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Ho Chi Minh]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q52'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: Line of latitude at which the country of Vietnam was supposed to be "temporarily" divided in the 1950s]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q52_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[seventeenth parallel]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q53'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: The theory that rationalized the containment of communism; posited that every country that fell to communism made it more likely for its neighbors to suffer the same fate]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q53_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[domino theory]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q54'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: New chief justice of the Supreme Court, he oversaw the landmark civil rights case of Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q54_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Earl Warren]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q55'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: Civil rights lawyer for the NAACP, he and other prominent attorneys argued the major court cases that brought down segregation]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q55_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Thurgood Marshall]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q56'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: On May 17, 1954, the Supreme Court used this case to overturn the 1896 ruling of Plessy v. Ferguson; the decision stated that desegregation must take place because "separate educational facilities are inherently unequal"]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q56_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q57'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: Montgomery seamstress who provided the impetus for a historic bus boycott by refusing to move to the back of a city bus]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q57_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Rosa Parks]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q58'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: African American movement to bring an end to the segregation that persisted in the city's transportation network and in all other areas of life]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q58_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Montgomery bus boycott]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q59'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: Young minister who rose to prominence as the spokesperson for the Montgomery African American community]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q59_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Martin Luther King, Jr.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q60'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: Host of one of early television's most popular and longest running variety programs; he introduced the United States to artists such as Elvis Presley and the Beatles]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q60_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Ed Sullivan]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q61'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: Self-proclaimed father of rock 'n' roll, this Cleveland radio disc jockey began playing black rhythm and blues artists on his program, The Moondog Party, in 1951]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q61_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Alan Freed]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q62'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: Mississippi native who catapulted to fame in Memphis through his music, which was a combination of hillbilly, spirituals, and rhythm and blues]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q62_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Elvis Presley]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q63'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: Autobiographical novel by Jack Kerouac; became a cult classic on college campuses and among those who dreamed of shaking off their middle-class existence and embracing Kerouac's free-wheeling, sex-and-drugs life-style]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q63_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[On the Road]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q64'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: Doctor who developed the first vaccine against polio, a disease that at the time was striking 50,000 Americans, mostly children, per year]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q64_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Dr. Jonas Salk]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q65'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: Authorized $25 billion in new taxes to finance construction of 40,000 miles of interstate highways over the next ten years; viewed as a way to evacuate the nation's cities in the event of a nuclear attack and, almost incidentally, to make life more convenient for motorists]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q65_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Federal Highway Act of 1956]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q66'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: New leader of Egypt who earned the ire of the United States by recognizing Communist China; his actions caused great tension between Egypt and western countries, but direct U.S. involvement was averted]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q66_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Gamal Abdel Nasser]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q67'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: Governor of Arkansas who fought the desegregation of Little Rock's Central High School in 1957; after he called out the Arkansas National Guard to keep black students out, Eisenhower nationalized the guard and ordered them to protect the black students]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q67_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Orval Faubus]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q68'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: Human-made satellite launched into space by the Soviet Union in 1957; news of the launch galvanized Americans into reassessing their educational system]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q68_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Sputnik]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q69'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: Spy plane flights over the Soviet Union and other strategic areas by U.S. pilots; though illegal, they were deemed necessary in the Cold War era]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q69_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[U-2 flights]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q70'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Explain what Eisenhower meant by "moderate Republicanism," both in terms of his domestic and his foreign policies. Discuss how much of the New Deal and Fair Deal Eisenhower adopted during his presidency.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q70_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Answers will vary.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q71'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Discuss the changes Eisenhower made to the U.S. armed forces during his presidency and identify the options, other than military, he exercised to achieve his foreign policy goals. Evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of Eisenhower's approach to foreign policy.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q71_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Answers will vary.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q72'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify the major civil rights leaders of the 1950s and trace the significant events and developments of the civil rights movement during that period. Describe and evaluate the methods that civil rights leaders used to gain legal rights.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q72_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Answers will vary.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q73'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Describe the portrayal of American life on television, and contrast it with the rebelliousness of rock 'n' roll music and the Beat generation writers.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q73_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Answers will vary.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q74'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Explain how and why John F. Kennedy gained the Democratic nomination for president in 1960. Discuss the problems he faced during the campaign, and evaluate how well he dealt with them. Compare and contrast Kennedy's approach to domestic and foreign policy with that of the Eisenhower administration.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q74_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Answers will vary.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION

<QUESTIONLIST> <QUESTION id='q1' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q2' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q3' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q4' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q5' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q6' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q7' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q8' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q9' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q10' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q11' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q12' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q13' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q14' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q15' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q16' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q17' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q18' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q19' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q20' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q21' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q22' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q23' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q24' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q25' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q26' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q27' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q28' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q29' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q30' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q31' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q32' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q33' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q34' class='QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q35' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q36' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q37' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q38' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q39' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q40' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q41' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q42' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q43' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q44' class='QUESTION_TRUEFALSE' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q45' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q46' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q47' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q48' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q49' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q50' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q51' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q52' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q53' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q54' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q55' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q56' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q57' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q58' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q59' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q60' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q61' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q62' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q63' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q64' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q65' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q66' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q67' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q68' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q69' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q70' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q71' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q72' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q73' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> <QUESTION id='q74' class='QUESTION_ESSAY' points='1'/> </QUESTIONLIST> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q1'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Who served as President Eisenhower's secretary of state?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q1_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Charles Wilson]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q1_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[John Foster Dulles]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q1_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[George Humphrey]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q1_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Allen Dulles]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q1_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Robert McNamara]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q1_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q2'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[All of the following serve to explain why the war in Korea came to an end when it did except]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q2_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Mao became gravely ill, threatening the Chinese leadership and encouraging them to end their participation in the war.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q2_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[the U.S. Secretary of State warned the Chinese that the U.S. would not rule out the use of atomic weapons.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q2_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Joseph Stalin died, helping to spur the peace process.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q2_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[the communists suffered huge battlefield losses.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q2_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[All of these served to expedite the end of the war.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q2_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q3'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Joseph McCarthy's televised hearings of 1954 resulted in which of the following?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q3_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[President Eisenhower won new respect for Senator McCarthy.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q3_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The nation was convinced McCarthy's claims were valid.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q3_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[McCarthy was censured by Congress for his overzealous methods.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q3_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[McCarthy used this as a springboard in his bid to become majority leader of the senate.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q3_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Over 10,000 communists were rooted out of government and the military.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q3_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q4'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[What did John Foster Dulles label the buildup of atomic warheads and the implied threat of using them?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q4_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Containment]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q4_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Brinksmanship]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q4_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Covert action]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q4_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA["New Look"]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q4_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Domino theory]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q4_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q5'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[During the 1950s, the CIA was actively involved in which of the following countries?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q5_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Iran]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q5_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Guatemala]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q5_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Vietnam]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q5_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[All of these]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q5_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[None of these]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q5_a4'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q6'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[In 1954, Vietnam was temporarily divided at the]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q6_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[thirty-eighth parallel.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q6_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[fifty-fourth parallel.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q6_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[seventeenth parallel.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q6_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[twenty-fifth parallel.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q6_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[twelfth parallel.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q6_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q7'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Which country held Vietnam as a colony at the end of World War II?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q7_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The United States]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q7_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Great Britain]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q7_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[France]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q7_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Germany]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q7_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Belgium]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q7_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q8'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[All of the following statements regarding Supreme Court Chief Justice Earl Warren are true, except]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q8_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[He was President Eisenhower's first appointment to the U.S. Supreme Court.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q8_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[He was Governor of California at the time of his appointment.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q8_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[He was more liberal than Eisenhower on social issues.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q8_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[He would anger Eisenhower at times with his decisions from the bench during his tenure.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q8_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[In time, he permanently lost Eisenhower's respect for being too liberal.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q8_a5'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q9'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[What did the Supreme Court rule in the 1954 Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka case?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q9_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[It refused to rule on the question of segregation.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q9_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[It declared separate educational facilities to be inherently unequal.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q9_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[It continued to support the doctrine of separate but equal.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q9_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[It ruled that the NAACP's case had no merit.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q9_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[It said that segregation should end "with all deliberate speed."]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q9_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q10'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[How did the South respond to court-ordered desegregation?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q10_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[With massive resistance at all levels]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q10_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[By moving immediately to end discrimination in schools]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q10_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[With grudging acceptance of the decisions]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q10_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[By closing all of its schools]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q10_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[By filing an immediate appeal]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q10_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q11'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Which African American seamstress refused to step to the back of the bus in Montgomery, Alabama, in 1955, precipitating the famous bus boycott?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q11_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Rosa Parks]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q11_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Odetta Taylor]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q11_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Coretta Scott King]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q11_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Sara Carmichael]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q11_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Odetta King]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q11_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q12'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Why did the Montgomery bus boycott succeed?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q12_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The federal courts struck down Alabama's law requiring racial segregation in public transportation.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q12_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The city bus companies were almost bankrupted.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q12_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Downtown merchants were badly hurt by the loss of black business.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q12_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Montgomery blacks were determined not to let the boycott fall apart.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q12_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[All of these]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q12_a5'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q13'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[In what city did active African American protest against discrimination begin?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q13_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Washington, D.C.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q13_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Little Rock, Arkansas]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q13_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Montgomery, Alabama]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q13_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Selma, Alabama]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q13_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Birmingham, Alabama]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q13_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q14'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[What did Martin Luther King, Jr.'s philosophy of protest stress?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q14_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Active, massive protest in the streets]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q14_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Acceptance of discrimination until the courts could act]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q14_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Nonviolent, passive resistance]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q14_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Intensive, radical action]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q14_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Both A and C]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q14_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q15'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[All of the following statements accurately describes the impact of television in the 1950s except]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q15_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[stars such as Milton Berle and Ed Sullivan appeared on the new medium and remained household fixtures for years.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q15_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[politicians were slow to use the medium, fearing it might make them look bad nationally.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q15_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[television shows showcased consumer products, resulting in a stronger demand by the U.S. public.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q15_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[television became so popular in the 1950s, it resulted in an increase in sales of TV sets to 20,000 a day.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q15_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[by the mid 1950s, all three major networks (NBC, ABC, and CBS) were in operation.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q15_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q16'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[U.S. society, as portrayed in early television, had all of the following characteristics except]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q16_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[successful middle-class African American families overcoming discrimination.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q16_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[a mother who was always a housewife and a father who held a pressure-free white-collar job.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q16_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[married women in sitcoms who did not work outside the home.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q16_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[single women in sitcoms who rarely took their jobs seriously and spent most of their time looking for husbands.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q16_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[well-adjusted, witty children.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q16_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q17'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[During the late 1950s, most money in the television industry was spent on]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q17_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[crime dramas.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q17_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[soap operas.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q17_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[westerns.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q17_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[commercials.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q17_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[game shows.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q17_a4'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q18'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Which of the following statements regarding rock 'n' roll culture of the 1950s is true?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q18_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Record sales doubled during the decade.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q18_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The genre's first national hit was "Rock Around the Clock" by Elvis Presley.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q18_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Disc jockey Alan Freed became the self-proclaimed father of rock 'n' roll.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q18_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Rock 'n' roll was a measured, acceptable response to the excesses of black rhythm and blues.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q18_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Both C and D]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q18_a5'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q19'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Which of the following statements regarding the rise of Elvis Presley is false?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q19_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[He was deeply influenced by African American music and gospel songs.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q19_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[He was a riveting performer, combining little boy shyness with enormous sexual drive.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q19_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[He refused to go on television, in spite of his popularity, because 1950s television would only censor his performance.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q19_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[His success inspired major record companies to experiment with black rhythm and blues, although white artists were sometimes still used to record toned-down versions for white teenagers.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q19_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The more adults criticized his music, the more popular he became with teenagers]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q19_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q20'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Which of the following statements regarding the Beat movement is true?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q20_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[It was comprised of older Americans who were fed up with the excesses of rock 'n' roll.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q20_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[It was centered in the literary societies of San Francisco and New York.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q20_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[It despised politics, modern technology, and the consumer craze.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q20_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Both B and C]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q20_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Both A and C]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q20_a4'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q21'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[What debilitating disease was finally conquered by a vaccine in the 1950s?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q21_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Diphtheria]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q21_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Poliomyelitis]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q21_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Viral pneumonia]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q21_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Childhood heart disease]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q21_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Encephalitis]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q21_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q22'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Which of the following statements regarding the Federal Highway Act of 1956 is true?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q22_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[It initiated the construction of 40,000 miles of interstate roads over a decade.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q22_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[It was passed, in part, because Eisenhower wanted the ability to evacuate the nation's cities rapidly in case of a nuclear attack.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q22_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[It led to improvements in many seemingly unrelated areas of the economy.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q22_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[It was financed with $25 billion in new taxes on cars, trucks, and gasoline.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q22_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[All of these statements are true.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q22_a5'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q23'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Which of the following statements regarding the Hungarian crisis of 1956 is true?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q23_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[When Khrushchev denounced Stalin, the Hungarians successfully overthrew the communist government and installed a democratic leader.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q23_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The Russians were unable to put down the Hungarian revolt.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q23_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Eisenhower refused to send U.S. troops or to airlift supplies to the resisters.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q23_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The Hungarians were successful in pushing back Soviet troops and preserving their independence.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q23_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Both B and D]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q23_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q24'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Which of the following events took place during the Egyptian crisis of the 1950s?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q24_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Nasser took power in 1952 and began to make overtures of peace toward the Soviet Union.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q24_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The United States tried to control Nasser by withholding much-needed economic aid.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q24_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[When the United States withdrew its offer to build the Aswan Dam, Nasser seized the Suez Canal.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q24_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Eisenhower supported an invasion by the British, French, and Israelis, hoping to make a stand against the Soviet Union in the Mideast.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q24_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The White House made a public demand that the British, French, and Israelis withdraw from Egypt.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q24_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q25'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[What was the response to Governor Faubus's decision to call out the Arkansas National Guard to keep black students from entering Little Rock's Central High School?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q25_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The Arkansas National Guard stood by as angry whites beat the students and their supporters.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q25_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Eisenhower considered sending army paratroopers to diffuse the situation but eventually decided against that action.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q25_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Eisenhower nationalized the National Guard and ordered its troops to protect the students as they entered the school.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q25_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Faubus stood on the steps of the school and defied all the troops, and Eisenhower backed down temporarily.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q25_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Governor George Wallace of Alabama sent his fellow governor a telegram of support.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q25_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q26'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Which of the following statements regarding U.S.-Soviet relations in the 1950s is false?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q26_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Following the Soviets' launch of Sputnik, Americans began criticizing the U.S. education system.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q26_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Eisenhower released secret photos of the inferior Soviet nuclear systems to prove the United States was well ahead of the Soviet Union in nuclear research and delivery systems.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q26_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The U-2 plane provided excellent intelligence on the Soviet Union, but it was a secret from both the Soviets and the U.S. public.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q26_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The launch of Sputnik shook Americans' pride in their technological achievements and presumed technological superiority.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q26_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[All of these statements are true.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q26_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q27'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Who was John F. Kennedy's Republican opponent in the presidential election of 1960?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q27_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Dwight Eisenhower]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q27_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Richard Nixon]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q27_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Lyndon Johnson]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q27_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[John Nance Garner]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q27_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[J. Edgar Hoover]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q27_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q28'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[In the summer of 1959, Vice President Richard Nixon visited]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q28_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Vietnam.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q28_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[France and Germany.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q28_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[the Soviet Union.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q28_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[China.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q28_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Japan.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q28_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q29'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Which of the following statements regarding the election of 1960 is true?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q29_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Richard Nixon received the Republican nomination on the first ballot, and John Kennedy won the Democratic nomination after numerous ballots.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q29_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Kennedy offended southerners when he refused to accept Johnson as his vice-presidential running mate until he was forced to do so by the convention.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q29_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Kennedy met the issue of his Catholicism head on, vowing to preserve separation of church and state.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q29_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[In a series of television debates, Nixon showed that he was not the inexperienced politician that the Democrats had claimed.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q29_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[As the campaign kicked off, it appeared that Nixon would handily defeat Kennedy.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q29_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q30'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Which of the following sets of events took place in the same year?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q30_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka case and the Montgomery bus boycott]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q30_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The Federal Highway Act and the launch of Sputnik]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q30_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The end of the Korean war and the death of Joseph Stalin]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q30_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The U-2 spy plane is shot down over the Soviet Union and the start of the U.S. manned space program]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q30_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q31'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Which of the following statements regarding the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) is true?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q31_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Eisenhower named Allen Dulles to head the CIA in 1953.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q31_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The CIA forced the overthrow of Guatemala's president in 1954.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q31_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The CIA helped overthrow the shah of Iran in 1953.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q31_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Both A and B]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q31_a5' position='5'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Both B and C]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q31_a4'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q32'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The CIA first became involved in which of the following countries?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q32_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Guatemala]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q32_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Iran]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q32_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Vietnam]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q32_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Cuba]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q32_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q33'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Of the following events that took place during the civil rights movement, which was the last to occur?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q33_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The Montgomery bus boycott]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q33_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka case]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q33_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Integration of Little Rock's Central High]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q33_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Southern states' issuing the Southern Manifesto]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q33_a3'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE id='q34'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Which of the following crises did the U.S. government attend to first?]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q34_a1' position='1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The Suez Canal crisis]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q34_a2' position='2'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The shooting down of a U-2 spy plane by the Soviets]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q34_a3' position='3'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The Little Rock integration crisis]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q34_a4' position='4'> <TEXT><![CDATA[The overthrow of the shah in Iran]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q34_a4'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_MULTIPLECHOICE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q35'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[In 1953, the Eisenhower administration suspended the top security clearance of J. Robert Oppenheimer, director of the Manhattan Project, because of fears of communism.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q35_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q35_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q35_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q36'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Eisenhower's "New Look" military program added 20 percent to defense spending during his first term in office.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q36_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q36_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q36_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q37'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The Supreme Court decisions in McLauren v. Oklahoma and Sweatt v. Painter began to chip away at the Plessy "separate but equal" doctrine as applied to graduate school admissions.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q37_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q37_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q37_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q38'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[African Americans were subjected to strictly enforced segregation laws and meticulous rules of racial etiquette in Montgomery, Alabama, which was known as the "cradle of the Confederacy."]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q38_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q38_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q38_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q39'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The one detail that defined teenagers in the 1950s more than anything else was their music.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q39_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q39_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q39_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q40'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Americans questioned Eisenhower's ability to run for reelection in 1956 because he had suffered a stroke that kept him sidelined for about three months in 1955.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q40_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q40_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q40_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q41'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[One reason for passage of the Federal Highway Act of 1956 was that the government wanted the ability to evacuate cities quickly in the event of a nuclear attack.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q41_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q41_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q41_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q42'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Vice President Nixon wanted to leave his position in 1956 to run for the Senate, but Eisenhower persuaded him to remain in his current position.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q42_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q42_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q42_a2'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q43'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[The Soviet Union's launch of Sputnik in 1957 shocked Americans into changing their educational system.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q43_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q43_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q43_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_TRUEFALSE id='q44'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[One decisive factor that influenced voters in the 1960 presidential election was a series of televised debates between Kennedy and Nixon.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q44_a1'> <TEXT>True</TEXT> </ANSWER> <ANSWER id='q44_a2'> <TEXT>False</TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> <CORRECTANSWER answer_id='q44_a1'/> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_TRUEFALSE> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q45'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: Transferred coastal oil land from the federal government to the states, an action strongly supported by newly elected president Dwight Eisenhower]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q45_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Tidelands Oil Act]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q46'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: Eisenhower's secretary of state, noted for his toughness and his willingness to take the heat for the president's decisions]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q46_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[John Foster Dulles]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q47'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: Senator in the forefront of the hunt for subversives in the U.S. government; he was finally censured by Congress for his outrageous attacks]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q47_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Joseph McCarthy]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q48'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: Eisenhower's military plans that included building up large stores of nuclear weapons and long-range bombers while cutting overall defense spending]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q48_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[the New Look]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q49'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: Secretary of State Dulles's aim to use the threat of nuclear weapons to keep enemies of the United States in line; originated from the belief that the nation could "go to the brink" of nuclear war and "step off" if necessary]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q49_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[brinksmanship]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q50'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: Leader of the oil-rich Middle Eastern country who was deposed in 1953 and returned to power through CIA operations inside that country]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q50_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[the shah of Iran]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q51'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: Communist leader of North Vietnam]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q51_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Ho Chi Minh]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q52'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: Line of latitude at which the country of Vietnam was supposed to be "temporarily" divided in the 1950s]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q52_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[seventeenth parallel]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q53'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: The theory that rationalized the containment of communism; posited that every country that fell to communism made it more likely for its neighbors to suffer the same fate]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q53_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[domino theory]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q54'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: New chief justice of the Supreme Court, he oversaw the landmark civil rights case of Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q54_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Earl Warren]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q55'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: Civil rights lawyer for the NAACP, he and other prominent attorneys argued the major court cases that brought down segregation]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q55_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Thurgood Marshall]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q56'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: On May 17, 1954, the Supreme Court used this case to overturn the 1896 ruling of Plessy v. Ferguson; the decision stated that desegregation must take place because "separate educational facilities are inherently unequal"]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q56_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q57'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: Montgomery seamstress who provided the impetus for a historic bus boycott by refusing to move to the back of a city bus]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q57_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Rosa Parks]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q58'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: African American movement to bring an end to the segregation that persisted in the city's transportation network and in all other areas of life]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q58_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Montgomery bus boycott]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q59'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: Young minister who rose to prominence as the spokesperson for the Montgomery African American community]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q59_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Martin Luther King, Jr.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q60'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: Host of one of early television's most popular and longest running variety programs; he introduced the United States to artists such as Elvis Presley and the Beatles]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q60_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Ed Sullivan]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q61'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: Self-proclaimed father of rock 'n' roll, this Cleveland radio disc jockey began playing black rhythm and blues artists on his program, The Moondog Party, in 1951]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q61_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Alan Freed]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q62'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: Mississippi native who catapulted to fame in Memphis through his music, which was a combination of hillbilly, spirituals, and rhythm and blues]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q62_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Elvis Presley]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q63'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: Autobiographical novel by Jack Kerouac; became a cult classic on college campuses and among those who dreamed of shaking off their middle-class existence and embracing Kerouac's free-wheeling, sex-and-drugs life-style]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q63_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[On the Road]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q64'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: Doctor who developed the first vaccine against polio, a disease that at the time was striking 50,000 Americans, mostly children, per year]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q64_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Dr. Jonas Salk]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q65'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: Authorized $25 billion in new taxes to finance construction of 40,000 miles of interstate highways over the next ten years; viewed as a way to evacuate the nation's cities in the event of a nuclear attack and, almost incidentally, to make life more convenient for motorists]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q65_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Federal Highway Act of 1956]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q66'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: New leader of Egypt who earned the ire of the United States by recognizing Communist China; his actions caused great tension between Egypt and western countries, but direct U.S. involvement was averted]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q66_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Gamal Abdel Nasser]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q67'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: Governor of Arkansas who fought the desegregation of Little Rock's Central High School in 1957; after he called out the Arkansas National Guard to keep black students out, Eisenhower nationalized the guard and ordered them to protect the black students]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q67_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Orval Faubus]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q68'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: Human-made satellite launched into space by the Soviet Union in 1957; news of the launch galvanized Americans into reassessing their educational system]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q68_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Sputnik]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q69'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify: Spy plane flights over the Soviet Union and other strategic areas by U.S. pilots; though illegal, they were deemed necessary in the Cold War era]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q69_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[U-2 flights]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q70'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Explain what Eisenhower meant by "moderate Republicanism," both in terms of his domestic and his foreign policies. Discuss how much of the New Deal and Fair Deal Eisenhower adopted during his presidency.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q70_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Answers will vary.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q71'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Discuss the changes Eisenhower made to the U.S. armed forces during his presidency and identify the options, other than military, he exercised to achieve his foreign policy goals. Evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of Eisenhower's approach to foreign policy.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q71_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Answers will vary.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q72'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Identify the major civil rights leaders of the 1950s and trace the significant events and developments of the civil rights movement during that period. Describe and evaluate the methods that civil rights leaders used to gain legal rights.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q72_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Answers will vary.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q73'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Describe the portrayal of American life on television, and contrast it with the rebelliousness of rock 'n' roll music and the Beat generation writers.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q73_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Answers will vary.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> <QUESTION_ESSAY id='q74'> <BODY> <TEXT><![CDATA[Explain how and why John F. Kennedy gained the Democratic nomination for president in 1960. Discuss the problems he faced during the campaign, and evaluate how well he dealt with them. Compare and contrast Kennedy's approach to domestic and foreign policy with that of the Eisenhower administration.]]></TEXT> <FLAGS> <ISHTML value='true'/> <ISNEWLINELITERAL value='false'/> </FLAGS> </BODY> <ANSWER id='q74_a1'> <TEXT><![CDATA[Answers will vary.]]></TEXT> </ANSWER> <GRADABLE> </GRADABLE> </QUESTION_ESSAY> </POOL>