Chapter 8 Had the Crittenden compromise of 1861 been ratified, how long would the constitutional amendments offered to the pro-slavery southern states to prevent their session from the Union last? “These constitutional amendments were to be valid for all time; no future amendment could override them” (253). Called the Lame Duck syndrome, how long was the interval between Lincoln’s election and the inauguration whereas Buchanan had the power but felt little responsibility and Lincoln had the responsibility and little power? 4 months (248) What senator offered to drink the blood shed as a consequence of the succession? James Chesnut (238) Chapter 9 Had the Union lost the hotly contested border states of Maryland, Kentucky and Missouri to secession, what percentage of manufacturing capacity would they have added to the Confederacy? This was one of several reasons why, “Lincoln was reported to have said that while he hoped to have God on his side, he must have Kentucky.” 80 percent (284) Birthplace of Abraham Lincoln and Jefferson Davis, which state took pride in their traditional role as mediator between the North and the South? Kentucky (293) What two railroads was John Garrett the president of? Baltimore and Ohio railroads (287) Chapter 10 Because most of the war was fought in the south, the Confederate forces fought close to the source of many of their supplies. In contrast, the Union forces needed “…to maintain long supply lines of wagon trains, railroads, and port facilities” in order to wage war. Because of the extensive supply lines the Union Army needed to maintain, a campaigning army of 100,000 men required 2,500 wagons, and how many animals? 35,000 (325) The South's military schools had turned out a large number of graduates which provided the Confederacy with a nucleus of trained officers. In 1860 of the eight military "colleges" in the entire country, how many were in slave states? 7 (328) The Union was not prepared for war at the onset of fighting. Most of the government arms were “…old smoothbores many of them flintlocks of antique vintage.” Of these, how many muskets were seized by the confederate states? 159,000 (313) Chapter 11 General George McClellan suffered from “a chronic tendency to overestimate enemy strength and to use this estimate as an excuse to remain on the defensive.” This was a recurring problem with McClellan during the war. In October of 1861 McClellan commanded 120,000 men in Washington, while his adversaries, Beauregard and Johnston, commanded only 45,000 men in and around Manassas. How many men did McClellan erroneously believe Beauregard and Johnston had under their command? 150,000 (361) As Confederate units surged forward a strange, eerie scream rent the air. This unearthly wail struck fear into the hearts of the enemy, then and later. What was this sound called? The Rebel Yell (344) What were Fremont's motives for issuing the proclamation in Missouri that declared martial law, announced the death penalty for guerrillas caught behind Union lines, and freed all Confederate slaves in in Missouri, as well as gave Fremont "the administrative powers of the state"? He felt need for draconian measures to suppress and intimidate Rebel sympathizers, as well as a desire to win favor with antislavery Republicans. (352) Chapter 12 Overall, the Union naval blockade of southern shipping proved quite effective. Although, serving in the Union navy on blockade duty “…offered few opportunities for glory. The main enemy was boredom.” If you were an enlisted soldier aboard a Union ship on blockade duty during the war, how many ships a year could you expect to participate in capturing? “…the average blockader sighted a runner once every three or four weeks and participated in one or two captures a year.” (378) In 1861, British India was the Union's source of the principle ingredient of gunpowder. What was the name of this mineral? saltpeter (390) “In 1863 a northern court extended the doctrine of continuous voyage beyond any precedent in the Peterhoff case.” Where was the English vessel Peterhoff captured? The Caribbean (387) Chapter 13 Flag-Officer David Glasgow Farragut, during his daring campaign to take New Orleans, had to run a gauntlet of 80 or 90 Confederate guns located in two forts, and a mosquito fleet of Confederate gun boats. These were defensive installations designed to seal the entrance to the city via the Mississippi river. The ensuing battle, in which Farragut lost four ships, was described by McPherson as “…the greatest fireworks display in American history.” How long did it take Farragut and his fleet to gain control of the waterway and get past the forts? “…the fleet lost thirty-seven men killed and 147 wounded during the hour and a half it took to pass the forts.” (420) The commander of the C.S.S. Arkansas was known as the South's own sea-dog counterpart of Farragut. What was his name? Kentuckian Isaac Newton Brown (421) Was "Wild Bill" Hickok a scout for the North or the South? North (404) Chapter 14 In an ironic turn of events, the Confederate government enacted the first conscription law in American history. The enactment of this federal law, which superseded the authority of the states, was viewed by many southerners as being in direct conflict with the very principals for which they were fighting. Who said that the draft was a “…dangerous usurpation by Congress of the reserved rights of the States . . . at war with all the principals for which Georgia entered the revolution”? Joseph Brown (433) "The Confederacy financed itself primarily with a billion and a half paper dollars that depreciated from the moment they came into existence... The South also began to issue notes and small-denomination "shinplasters". Shortages of high-quality paper and skilled engravers in the South meant that these as well as the Confederate notes were crudely printed and easily counterfeited." How could some of these counterfeit notes be detected? Because of their superior quality to the real thing (439) In order to finance the war the Union Government sold several types of bonds to ordinary people. Jay Cooke, who worked with Secretary of the Treasury Salmon P. Chase, successfully sold $400 million “five-twenties and $800 million “seven-thirties”. Because of this, “Newspapers occasionally accused Cooke of getting rich from the commissions he earned on these sales.” How much profit did Cooke actually enjoy? $700,000 (443) Chapter 15 During the battle of Seven Pines/Fair Oaks, Joe Johnston was “…wounded by shell fragments and a bullet through the shoulder…” Davis appointed Robert E. Lee to replace him. Upon learning of Lee’s appointment as commander, McClellan took pleasure in this decision because he considered Lee “cautious and weak under grave responsibility…likely to be timid and irresolute in action.” Considering the reality of the situation, who best fits this description? “McClellan himself” (462) One technological innovation used in the war was rifled gun barrels utilizing the minie ball. This innovation increased the range of a musket four fold, and increased the muskets accuracy considerably compared to the smooth-bored musket barrel. With the transition from smoothbore to rifle, sharpshooters could now single out enemy officers. "Officers on both sides soon began to stay off horseback when possible and to wear a private's uniform." How did they designate their rank to their units? With only a sewn-on shoulder patch (475) What were the dates of the Seven Days’ Battles? June 25, - July 1, 1862 (465) Chapter 16 Realizing that the issue of slavery could no longer be separated from the war, On July 22, 1862, “Lincoln informed the cabinet of his intention to issue a proclamation of freedom, and invited comment.” The only voice of dissent came from Montgomery Blair. On what grounds did he make his dissension? “Only Montgomery Blair dissented, on the ground that such an edict would cost the Republicans control of Congress in the fall elections.” (505) In July of 1862 the Union "...government adopted an ingenious carrot and stick approach" to fill their quotas of manpower needed to continue the war. The "stick" was a militia law enacted by Congress in 1862. This law defined the militia as comprising all able bodied men between 18 and 45 and empowered the president to call state militia into federal service for a period of how long? 9 months (492) Although Union soldiers had no love for slavery, their welcome of Contrabands was sometimes less than friendly. What was the incident that caused a Union private to say he was “ashamed of America”? 8-10 soldiers raped a 7 to 9 year old black girl after capturing fort royal (497) Chapter 17 During the ferocious battle of Antietam, two of Sumner’s “…divisions had obliqued left to deal with a threat to their flank from Confederates in a sunken farm road southeast of the Dunkard Church.” A northern war correspondent who arrived at this grisly scene minutes after Federals captured it said, “Confederates had gone down as the grass falls before the scythe.” What was the name given to this road after the fight? “Known ever after as Bloody Lane.” (541) “There is no man in the Army who can lick these troops of ours into shape half as well as he...If he can't fight himself, he excels in making others ready to fight." President Lincoln said this about the man he just put in charge of the defense of Washington. Who was he talking about? McClellan (533) How many men did Bragg leave in Mississippi under Van Dorn and Price to defend Vicksburg, while he took the “…remaining 34,000 to Chattanooga, from where he would launch an invasion of Kentucky” ? 32000 men (515) Chapter 18 The decision to arm free blacks and contrabands as soldiers was the subject of heated debate in the months surrounding Lincoln’s delivery of the Emancipation Proclamation. In October of 1862 ten black soldiers were killed in a Missouri skirmish. These men represented the “…the first black combat casualties of the war.” They were killed before the government even acknowledged their regiment existed. In what state was their regiment formed? Kansas (564) Armed black soldiers were the southerner’s nightmare. But which branch of the Union military had taken men of all colors and conditions from the onset? Navy (563) What’s the name of the British Chancellor of Exchequor? William E. Gladstone (548)