Chapter 8 Called the Lame Duck syndrome, how long was the interval between Lincoln's election and the inauguration whereas Buchanan had the power but felt little responsibility and Lincoln had the responsibility and little power? 4 months What strategy did cooperationists favor in regards to secession? Cooperationists wanted to act in unison prior to secession. There were different groups of cooperationists who had different plans, from those who wanted to act as a group, to those who wanted to present a list of demands and leave the union if they weren't met, to those who wanted to wait and see what Lincoln did before acting. What did the Crittenden Compromise propose, and did it pass? In its final form it guaranteed slavery in the states against future interference by national government. It would have prohibited slavery north of 36 and 30 degrees and protected it in the south of line in all territories " now held, here after acquired". It forbid Congress to abolish slavery in the District of Columbia without consent of the people living there. It also forbid Congress from abolishing slavery in any federal property within the southern states. It failed by a vote of 25-23 with all negative votes cast by Republicans. (252-254) Multiple groups said this one What percentage of the population in the Confederate States did slaves constitute? forty-seven percent Chapter 9 What State brought crucial resources to the Confederacy? By her population, and her industrial capacity was nearly as great as that of the seven original Confederate states combined. Virginia Had the Union lost the hotly contested border states of Maryland, Kentucky and Missouri to secession, what percentage of manufacturing capacity would they have added to the Confederacy? This was one of several reasons why, Lincoln was reported to have said that while he hoped to have God on his side, he must have Kentucky. These three states would have added 80% to the Confederacy's manufacturing capacity. What new state joined the Union on June 20th 1863? And what were the conditions? West Virginia. The condition was emancipation of any slaves born after July 4, 1863 and all others on their 25th birthday. Which ironclad's hull survived the intact and was ready for its subsequent conversion into the famous C.S.S Virginia? Merrimack (Pg. 280) Chapter 10 When the idea of war seemed unavoidable, what were three of the major challenges the North faced in organizing their troops? 1. Most of the tiny 16,000 man army was scattered in seventy-nine frontier outposts west of the Mississippi.
2. Nearly a third of it's officers were resigning to go with the south.
3. The war department slumbered in ancient bureaucratic routine.
What were three major challenges the South faced while preparing for war? 1. The confederacy began life with no navy and few facilities for building one.
2. The confederacy had only one-ninth the industrial capacity of the Union.
3. The south could produce enough food to feed itself but lacked the transport network to distribute the food to troops.
What major problem plagued the southern war effort from beginning to end? Logistics. The south was never able to supply its army sufficiently with food, transportation, or equipment. What shortcomings limited the success of the confederacies navy when the war began? The South had no navy at the beginning of the war and only one shipyard with which to build one. Additionally they had no means to build the steam engines required for a warship. The majority of trained seamen were northern as well. Why did the Northern Armies have to maintain long supply lines and the south did not? The south was largely fighting a defensive war in its own territory, the north was fighting as an invading army in a largely hostile countryside and at least initially was not fighting a total war and so not living off the land. Multiple Groups In 1860, how many of the eight military colleges were in slave states? 7 out of 8 (pg 328)
Chapter 11 As Confederate units surged forward a strange, eerie scream rent the air. This unearthly wail struck fear into the hearts of the enemy, then and later. What was this sound called? Rebel Yell Maybe include picture of historian Shelby Foote for this one??? Multiple Groups What timber based item found on Munson's Hill called into question McClellan's reports of superior Confederate forces and lost him much of his previously large reservoir of support from the North? The fake cannon called a Quaker Gun. What was a Quaker gun? A deception tatic that was commonly used in warfare in the 18th & 19th century. Quaker gun was a wooden log, usually painted black, used to deceive an enemy. Which Union commander overstepped his authority issuing an emancipation edict in 1861? John C. Fremont (Pg. 352) along with quote from Sec. War Simon Cameron about rebels loosing their "property" slaves Chapter 12 - all about the Navy Multiple Groups had these questions What was the primary task for the Union's Navy in 1861? Blockade (Pg. 369) In the early months of 1862, the Union and the Confederacy unveiled their Ironclads. What were the names of these ships? The Confederacy had the Virginia and the Union had the Monitor. Cotton was the main weapon of southern foreign policy. Great Britain imported three quarters of the south?s cotton. What tactic did the Confederacy use to gain support from France and Britain? "..southerners decided to embargo cotton exports."
What was the South's principal weapon of foreign policy? Cotton was the principle weapon of southern foreign policy. They embargoed cotton exports to try and force England and France to recognize the Confederacy and assist them against the Union. (pg 383) Chapter 13 Multiple Groups The killed and wounded at Shiloh was nearly double the combined count of what battles? Manassas,Wilson's Creek, Fort Donelson, Pea Ridge (413) After what event did Grant get promoted to major general?

Capturing Fort Henry and Fort Donelson

Flag-Officer David Glasgow Farragut, during his daring campaign to take New Orleans, had to run a gauntlet of 80 or 90 Confederate guns located in two forts, and a mosquito fleet of Confederate gun boats. These were defensive installations designed to seal the entrance to the city via the Mississippi river. The ensuing battle, in which Farragut lost four ships, was described by McPherson as the greatest fireworks display in American history. How long did it take Farragut and his fleet to gain control of the waterway and get past the forts? Hour and a half Chapter 14 - the finance chapter In an ironic turn of events, the Confederate government enacted the first conscription law in American history. The enactment of this federal law, which superseded the authority of the states, was viewed by many southerners as being in direct conflict with the very principals for which they were fighting. Who said that the draft was a dangerous usurpation by Congress of the reserved rights of the States at war with all the principals for which Georgia entered the revolution? Joseph Brown Group 2 Chapter 14 The Confederacy financed itself primarily with a billion and a half paper dollars that depreciated from the moment they came into existence... The South also began to issue notes and small-denomination shinplasters. Shortages of high-quality paper and skilled engravers in the South meant that these as well as the Confederate notes were crudely printed and easily counterfeited. How could some of these counterfeit notes be detected? Some of the counterfeiters work was too good. What major loophole helped many southern men avoid the draft? Buying substitutes was the primary method for avoiding the draft in the south. There was also an exemption intended for key homefront activities which was widely abused. What congressional act led to the creation of a national currency and altered the monetary structure of the United States? Legal Tender Act (pg 447)
Chapter 15 Name a reason for the high number of Civil War casualties. "One reason for the high casualties of Civil War battles was the disparity between tactics and modern weapons." Group 1 Chapter 15 The Civil War transformed nursing into a genuine profession. Along these lines, what else did the Civil War do?

With battles leaving hundreds or thousands of soldiers injured there was an immediate need for hospitals and nurses. Previously, women were met with hostility  by the Medical Department, but the need for nurses allowed for the reversal in opinion of female nurses.

Jackson used terrain and mobility to defeat larger numbers here? Shenandoah Valley What impact did Jackson?s Valley Campaign have then and now? "Jackson's Valley campaign won renown and is still studied in military schools as an example of how speed and use of terrain can compensate for inferiority of numbers"
For each Union or Confederate soldier that died in combat, how many died of disease? Two soldiers died of disease for every one soldier killed in combat. (Pg. 487) Multiple groups had this one What was a greater threat to the health of Civil War soldiers than enemy weapons?

Disease (487)

Chapter 16 - Politics How did the role of blacks in the war change in 1862? In 1862 the 37th congress passed a law that people of African descent could serve in the military in what ever capacity they were found competent. On what date did Lincoln inform the cabinet of his intention to issue a proclamation of freedom? How many cabinet members voted no on it and why? July 22, 1862; One person:Montgomery Blair, on the ground the ground that such an edict would cost the Republicans control of Congress in the fall elections  Lincoln wrote a letter to Greeley's emancipation editorial on August 22, 1862. What was Lincoln's purpose in writing this letter? It was "...a reiteration that preservation of the union remained the purpose of the war, but a hint that partial or even total emancipation might become necessary to accomplish that purpose." Which shifty, uneasy, and sometimes divided new party began to emerge in 1862 that stood for reunion through negotiations, but remained united on one issue- opposition to emancipation? Peace Democrats, or Copperheads. (506) Chapter 17 Why was the Union victory at Sharpsburg a turning point in the war? "It frustrated Confederate hopes for for British recognition and precipitated the Emancipation Proclamation. The slaughter at Sharpsburg therefore proved to have been one of the war's great turning points." Explain the significance of Antietam. It was the victory for the North that Lincoln had been waiting for. The victory gave Lincoln the confidence to announce his Emancipation Proclamation.The damage to Lee's army was significant. lastly it held off any recognition of the Confederates by nations like Britain
Chapter 18 What was Lincolns reasoning for freeing only the slaves in the rebel states, with the Emancipation Proclamation? Lincoln acted under his war powers to seize enemy resources: He had no Constitutional power to act against slavery in areas loyal to the United States. The Proclamation would turn Union forces into armies of liberation after January 1; if they could win the war, and it invite the slaves to help the Union win it.
Which event ensured that the British would think twice about intervening against the Union forces?

by enabling Lincoln to issue the Emancipation Proclamation the battle (of Antietam) also ensured that Britain would think twice about intervening against a government fighting for freedom as well as Union. (pg. 557)

Why were English workers against the South and slavery? Close to officially recognizing the Confederacy, the main issue that brought Britain against the South was slavery itself. Englishmen had already ended slavery in their own country in 1833, and prided themselves in their role in suppressing the transatlantic slave trade. In addition, the Union victory at Antietam made Britain wary of joining to help a losing side in a civil war.