Group 7 Mr. Escobar HST209 January 28, 2011 McPherson – Battle Cry of Freedom – Questions and Answers Chapter 8 – The Counterrevolution of 1861 Q: In what order and dates did the first seven Southern States secede from the Union? A: South Carolina, Dec 20, 1860; following SC in January 1861 – Mississippi on the 9th; Florida the 10th; Alabama the 11th; Georgia the 19th; Louisiana the 26th and Texas on February 1st (235) Q: How long did it take the Confederate States of America to set up their government in Montgomery, Alabama? A: Three Months (234) Q: When did the Confederates open fire on Fort Sumter? A: April 12, 1861 (273) Chapter 9 – Facing Both Ways: The Upper South’s Dilemma Q: What two states joined the Confederate States of America in May? A: North Carolina and Tennessee (282) Q: What was the average number of slaves owned by Virginia delegates voting for secession? A: 11.5 (283) Q: During secession, which future general would exert an influence in the Upper South? A: Robert E. Lee (282) Chapter 10 – Amateurs Go To War Q: What was the official northern name for the conflict? A: The War of the Rebellion (310) Q: Who invented the C.S.S. Hunley and how many times did it sink? A: Horace Hunley. It sank three times. (314) Q: What rank suffered the highest combat causalities? A: Generals. Their chances of being killed in battle was 50% or greater. (330) Chapter 11 – Farewell to the Ninety Days’ War Q: What was a “Quaker gun”? A: Logs shaped and painted to look like cannons, used by the Confederacy to fool McClellan’s forces. (361-62) Q: Who had the “superiority of fresh troops” during the battle of Bull Run, North or South? A: The South (344) Q: What was the difference in the naming of battles between the Confederates and the Union? A: The Confederates named the battles after the town that served as their base, and the Union named the battles after the closest landmark near the battle. (346) Chapter 12 – Blockade and Beachhead: The Salt-Water War, 1861-1862 Q: How many miles of coastline did the Confederacy have? A: 3,500 miles (369) Q: Why did Lincoln let Mason and Slidell go free? A: Britain received news of the Trent incident, and put an embargo on the saltpeter shipment to the Union until the issue was resolved. Saltpeter was important due to being the principal ingredient in gunpowder. (390-91) Q: What was the primary task of the Union Navy? A: The Blockade (369) Chapter 13 – The River War in 1862 Q: What were the first two river victories that Grant and Foote accomplished together? A: Fort Henry (Tennessee) Feb. 6 and Fort Donelson (Cumberland) Feb. 16 (396-402) Q: What battle disabused Yankees of their notion of a quick collapse in the West? A: Shiloh (413) Q: For Naval defense the Confederacy relied mainly on what? A: Forts (393) Chapter 14 – The Sinews of War Q: What was the Internal Revenue Act of 1862 and what was its significance? A: An act that taxed nearly all aspects of Northern life, from liquor, tobacco, stamps, inheritance and income. It created the Bureau of Internal Revenue which became a permanent part of the federal government, even after the taxes expired, and completely changed the relationship of the American taxpayer and the government forever. (448) Q: The Confederates passed the “Conscription Law” on what date? It was what first for our nation’s history, and what were the exemptions? A: April 16, 1862. Military Draft. Exempt categories were: Confederate and state civil officials, railroad and river workers, telegraph operators, miners, some industrial laborers, hospital personnel, clergymen, apothecaries and teachers. (430-31) Q: What was the most controversial form of draft exemption? A: Hiring a substitute to take your place. (431) Chapter 15 – Billy Yank’s Chickahominy Blues Q: What river was near the battle of Seven Pines? A: Chickahominy River (461) Q: How many men were killed or wounded in the Seven Days war? A: 30,000; more than all the battles in the Western theater, including Shiloh, during the first half of 1862. (471) Q: True or False: Disease was a greater threat to the health of the soldiers than being killed by the enemy? A: True (487) Chapter 16 – We Must Free the Slaves or Be Ourselves Subdued Q: On what date did Lincoln inform the cabinet of his intention to issue a proclamation of freedom? How many cabinet members voted no on it and why? A: July 22, 1862. Only one, Montgomery Blair who felt the edict would cost the republicans control of Congress in the fall election. (505) Q: What were the Republican factions, and what did they espouse to? A: Radicals – Abolitionists, believed emancipation could be achieved by force and confiscation of enemy property. Conservatives – Hoped the South would voluntarily end slavery, and supported the colonization of freed slaves abroad. Moderates – Lincoln led this group. They shared views of the radicals, but were afraid of the racial consequences of total emancipation. (494) Q: What was the growing Republican conviction about slavery in 1862? A: “the fate of the nation could not be separated from the fate of slavery.” (495) Chapter 17 – Carry Me Back to Old Virginny Q: What was Secretary of State Stanton and General Grant’s number one priority in their mind? A: To capture Vicksburg (511) Q: True or False: More men died on the beaches in Normandy than at Antietam? A: False. Four times that amount died at Antietam (544) Q: Concerning war tactics and railroads, what did Union generals learn from Napoleon? A: To live off the land (515) Chapter 18 – John Bull’s Virginia Reel Q: What did General Beauregard call for in response to the signing of the Emancipation Proclamation? A: Execution of abolition prisoners (Union soldiers) by way of garroting. (565-66) Q: When did Lincoln remove McClellan as the Commander of the Potomac Army? A: November 7, 1862 (562) Q: Why were English workers against the South and slavery? A: The issues of the American Civil War mirrored the issues of class conflict in Britain. (549)