Where was demand for slaves highest in the mid 18th century?
A. Virginia
B. South Carolina
C. Georgia
D. Jamaica
ANSWER: D

Rhode Island’s increased participation in the Atlantic slave trade drew heavily on the fact that it
A. was located on a strategic area of the Atlantic.
B. was able to gain control of the rum market.
C. could exchange whale oil for slaves.
D. had a wealthier population that could afford the investment.
ANSWER: B

European immigrants often arrived in North American port cities
A. that had some commercial ties to their home port.
B. that were the safest destination.
C. where they were promised lucrative jobs.
D. that had the best climate for agriculture.
ANSWER: A

Between 1730 and 1775 there were so many immigrants from _________ that at one point their monarchy tried to make emigration illegal.
A. France
B. Ulster
C. Wales
D. Germany
ANSWER: D

What naturalization requirement were Jews allowed to ignore?
A. the residency requirement
B. pledging allegiance to George II
C. the religious requirement of receiving communion
D. the payment of the naturalization fee
ANSWER: C

Life for the Indians in the _______________ was particularly difficult because they resided alongside three rival European empires.
A. Northeast
B. Southwest
C. Southeast
D. Great Plains
ANSWER: C

What was the agreement the colonists used to trick the Delaware Indians into relinquishing more land than they intended?
A. Philadelphia Land Agreement
B. Delaware Land Grab
C. Pennsylvania/Delaware Agreement
D. Walking Purchase
ANSWER: D

The depletion of beaver pelts used to trade with the French led the Sioux to
A. move west
B. negotiate with the Spanish for additional horses
C. negotiate with other Indians for additional hunting territory
D. lose favor with European colonists
ANSWER: A

Why did resistance by the enslaved occur mostly in the southeast?
A. It was the only place where Africans arrived in North America.
B. Access to the Atlantic Ocean made it easier to find passage back to Africa.
C. Slaves in the southeast did not have families.
D. The tightening of slave laws led to more restrictions.
ANSWER: D

The concern about prison terms for British debtors led to the
A. increase in colonial debtors’ prisons.
B. Stono Rebellion.
C. founding of Georgia.
D. colonial governments freeing all debtors.
ANSWER: C

During the slave resistances of the 1730s, slaves were drawn to _______________ because of the promise of forming their own towns.
A. New  York
B. Florida
C. Cuba
D. Pennsylvania
ANSWER: B

One of the reasons German immigrants were successfully assimilated into the colonial lifestyle was because
A. they had family in the colonies that helped them assimilate.
B. they spoke English fluently. 
C. most immigrants converted to the established religion of their new residence.
D. they stayed out of politics.
ANSWER: A

What was one feature of the flurry of slave revolts and conspiracies between 1733 and 1741?
A. They did not produce any positive changes for the slaves.
B. Sometimes whites were involved, found guilty and punished.
C. They only occurred in the southern colony of Louisiana and the Caribbean.
D. South Carolinians were unconcerned about the number of slaves in their colony.
ANSWER: B

During the War of Jenkins’ Ear (1739-1744) which of the following occurred?
A. Oglethorpe and his men from Georgia gained control of St. Augustine.
B. Spanish and Indians invaded South Carolina and successfully captured the harbor at Charleston.
C. It was the first conflict in which a large number of British colonists left North America to fight.
D. The colony of Georgia protected South Carolina from invading forces from Florida.
ANSWER: D

One of the consequences of Enlightenment ideas was
A. the quest to apply universal laws of nature to society.
B. the increase of voting rights for all free men.
C. the development of unbiased newspapers.
D. more respect for the authority of the clergy.
ANSWER: A

In the early 1740s newspapers in the colonies
A. were not considered a valid form of communication due to publisher bias
B. mostly concerned themselves with British affairs
C. were considered legitimate forums for political discussion
D. had the right to complete freedom of speech
ANSWER: C

_____________ were the most popular books borrowed from early colonial libraries.
A. Novels
B. Self-improvement books
C. Medical books
D. Map books
ANSWER: A

Benjamin Franklin became the 18th century’s most famous American largely due to
A. His persistence in establishing French customs in the colonies
B. His scientific inquiry and discoveries
C. His printing business
D. His clever witticisms 
ANSWER: B

During the 18th century enslaved men 
A. in South Carolina had equal access to money-making opportunities.
B. could sometimes earn extra money.
C. were forbidden to work outside the plantations.
D. who were employed in a gang labor system enjoyed more autonomy.
ANSWER: B

Although most colonists embraced the consumer revolution, some colonial critics claimed
A. the increase in trade had a detrimental effect on the American economy.
B. Americans were becoming too European.
C. it blurred the social structure.
D. the British were trying to remake American society.
ANSWER: C

What was promoted by Christian evangelicalism?
A. adherence to ritual
B. the necessity of formal theological education for preachers
C. preaching sermons that were direct and understandable
D. stressing equality before God
ANSWER: C

Public interest in revivalism increased because
A. it generated enormous controversy.
B. most revivalists respected the traditional gender norms by allowing only men to hold authoritative positions in the congregation.
C. revivalism sought to accommodate the teachings of all other Christian religions.
D. it reinforced the hierarchy of colonial authority.
ANSWER: A

One difference between the “New Lights” and “Old Lights” involved
A. concern that New Lights were preaching without permission.
B. the fact that Old Lights were more inclusive of women as full participants.
C. New Lights insisting on segregation in church.
D. Old Lights’ demands for religious changes.
ANSWER: A

George Whitefield was an Anglican pastor whose revivals were successful because he
A. targeted wealthy colonists who contributed heavily to his ministry.
B. eespected the class differences between colonists and enslaved people.
C. preached against the legalization of slavery.
D. directed his preaching to all social classes.
ANSWER: D

Why were marginalized members of the colonies attracted to evangelical Protestantism?
A. It was more inclusive than other denominations.
B. The leaders of this movement promoted racial equality. 
C. It promised the availability of jobs that did not include the master/slave relationship.
D. It required all members to be literate thereby making education mandatory for all children.
ANSWER: A

Indians were attracted to the  Moravian religion mostly because
A. they were promised additional agricultural lands for their tribes.
B. they shared similar beliefs such as that of dream interpretation.
C. Moravians allowed Indians to reside within the towns and not in separate missions.
D. Moravians employed Indians at the same wages as white men.
ANSWER: B

The French and Indian war occurred between 1754-1763 and involved the
A. British against the French.
B. French against the Iroquois.
C. The British against the colonists.
D. The French against the Canadians.
ANSWER: A

The major victories experienced by the Anglo-Americans during the French and Indian War were mostly a result of
A. key negotiations with the French.
B. Indian diplomacy.
C. combat.
D. British invasion of Canada.
ANSWER: A

How did the European division of North America change with the Treaty of Paris?
A. France continued its control of Canada but lost Guadeloupe.
B. Louisiana remained a Spanish territory.
C. The British gained control of almost all the area east of the Mississippi.
D. Indians west of the Mississippi recognized the advantage of playing the French against the British.
ANSWER: C

The disbursement of Canadians after the British invasion caused the
A. Acadians to be rescued by the British colonists.
B. founding of the Cajun community in Louisiana.
C. eventual return of the Acadians to Nova Scotia.
D. Conversion of the Acadians to evangelical Protestantism.
ANSWER: B


Quiz 2

Through which colonies did most enslaved Africans enter North America?
A. Virginia and South Carolina
B. Virginia and Massachusetts
C. Georgia and South Carolina
D. Florida and New York
ANSWER: A

Compared to a slave in South Carolina,  a slave living in New York was more likely to
A. live in the country instead of the city.
B. be a tradesman as opposed to a farmer.
C. find it difficult to establish a family.
D. develop an autonomous culture.
ANSWER: C

British and Irish convicts provided a welcomed source for the North American workforce because
A. they came without families.
B. they were cheaper than enslaved Africans.
C. they worked harder to gain their freedom.
D. they ran away less often than slaves or servants.
ANSWER: B

Concerns about German immigrants centered around
A. racist views of the British colonists.
B. the religious beliefs of the Germans.
C. the fact that most Germans were unemployable.
D. whether or not Germans would be willing to learn English.
ANSWER: A

Many Germans became naturalized citizens in order to
A. own land.
B. have their taxes reduced.
C. participate in voting.
D. receive trade advantages with the British.
ANSWER: C

The increase in violence between Indian tribes of the Great Plains area led to the rise of the_____________ as one of the three most powerful tribes of the Plains.
A. Iowa
B. Omaha
C. Cheyenne
D. Sioux
ANSWER: D

In the mid 1700s, Indian wars in the southeast led to
A. a depopulation of the region.
B. the decline of the white tailed deer.
C. the loss of trade in hides between Indians and Europeans.
D. an alliance between Choctaw and the English.
ANSWER: A

What was one of the reasons James Oglethorpe founded Georgia?
A. He wanted a place to bring run away slaves for sale or punishment.
B. He hoped it would be a refuge for Catholics who were persecuted in other colonies.
C. He believed slavery corrupted whites so he declared it illegal in 1736.
D. It provided enough prisons where debtors could serve out their sentences.
ANSWER: C

In 1738, Florida’s governor based his decision to allow fugitive Carolina slaves to form their own town on 
A. a 16th century precedent set in the Caribbean.
B. the moral obligation of the Spanish to treat all humans the same.
C. a directive from the Spanish monarchy.
D. religious convictions that all men were equal in the eyes of God.
ANSWER: A

The Stono Rebellion in South Carolina occurred because 
A. plantation owners wanted their taxes decreased.
B. Indian tribes were demanding more imported goods from the British.
C. the colonial government in South Carolina wanted to break away from the British.
D. newly arrived Africans were protesting their enslavement.
ANSWER: D

The War of Jenkins’ Ear (1739-1744) was fought in retaliation for
A. the Spanish crackdown on smuggling in the Caribbean.
B. a British mutiny which involved cutting off Robert Jenkins’ ear.
C. Florida’s invasion of the Caribbean slave ports.
D. the British takeover of Cuba.
ANSWER: A

How did conflicts between the British and French empires between 1744 and 1748 affect the colonists?
A. In South Carolina, the market for rice increased.
B. Because certain trade routes were cut off, the colonists were forced to diversify their crops.
C. Trade with the Indians came to a standstill.
D. The conflicts caused many colonists to rethink their allegiance to their respective homelands.
ANSWER: B

Colonists who embraced Enlightenment philosophy 
A. questioned the idea of science as a means of understanding humanity.
B. challenged all forms of authority.
C. did not share these ideas with continental Europe.
D. sought to improve society.
ANSWER: D

In 1735 Peter Zenger went on trial for
A. printing information regarding the legality of slavery.
B. suspected treason.
C. printing information that criticized New York’s governor.
D. Enticing a riot.
ANSWER: C

Most of the early colonial colleges were
A. Founded by intellectuals to promote scientific ideas
B. Established solely for religious education and training ministers
C. Publicly owned by the colonial governments for secular education only
D. Established by clergy but offered both a secular and practical education
ANSWER: D

Based on the type of books colonists checked out of lending libraries, it is fair to say
A. many colonists were concerned with worldwide events.
B. American colonists had no interest in self-improvement books.
C. most early novels were read by women.
D. colonial history held no interest for colonists.
ANSWER: D

How did Benjamin Franklin change the way Europeans viewed Americans?
A. European scientists began to see Americans as more than just observers of nature.
B. They criticized Americans for becoming too interested in European affairs.
C. The British government was concerned that Americans were becoming more independent.
D. They recognized that Americans philosophers exceeded Europeans in terms of education.
ANSWER: A

What was a popular means for many colonists to learn what was fashionable on the Continent?
A. Word of mouth
B. Trans-Atlantic correspondence
C. Pattern books
D. Travel holidays in Europe
ANSWER: C

Which of the following was a consequence of the newly emerging consumer revolution during the 18th century?
A. extension of credit by merchants
B. the acceptance of paper money by creditors and merchants
C. trade with Britain declined as Americans began producing their own goods.
D. African Americans were completely excluded from consumer markets
ANSWER: A

The __________ system of labor gave slaves an opportunity to earn extra money.
A. gang
B. task
C. plantation
D. trade
ANSWER: B

Benjamin Franklin suggested there was a link between consumer choice and
A. social standing.
B. education.
C. personal liberty.
D. happiness.
ANSWER: C

One of the teachings that set Methodism apart from other religions was
A. the reluctance of Methodist preachers to engage in itinerant preaching.
B. its denouncement of slavery.
C. it contained principles not found in any other religion.
D. the belief that salvation was attainable only through good works.
ANSWER: B

As part of the Great Awakening, Indian “nativists”
A. accepted Europeans and their ways.
B. believed that they were punished for trading game for alcohol.
C. embraced Christianity.
D. considered themselves superior to all men.
ANSWER: D 

Neolin was a Delaware Indian who
A. urged Indians to continue their lucrative trade with white men.
B. did not believe in warfare.
C. rejected the consumer revolution.
D. urged Indians to adapt to “modern” European ways.
ANSWER: C

The Seven Years’ War, which occurred between 1754-1763, was also known as the
A. French and Indian War.
B. British and French War.
C. War of the Northern Colonies.
D. First Colonial World War.
ANSWER: A

As a young lieutenant-colonel, George Washington
A. successfully negotiated with northern Indians over land claims.
B. was defeated by the French at Fort Necessity.
C. held off French and Indian forces at Fort Duquesne.
D. successfully commanded a group of highly trained soldiers against the Iroquois.
ANSWER: B

Edward Braddock and his British army
A. refused to engage in battle with the French.
B. recognized their defeat against the French and surrendered.
C. were hampered by their military tactics against the French, the French Canadians and the Indians.
D. suffered very few losses while inflicting severe damage to the Indians and French.
ANSWER: C

After a shaky beginning, the British were finally victorious in the French and Indian War 
A. because the French monarchy refused to send help to the colonists.
B. despite heavy losses by the Royal Navy in French ports
C. even though provincial leaders declined to provide the British with additional recruits
D. because the alliance between the French and Indians broke down.
A. ANSWER: D

By the end of the Seven Years’ War,
A. the British and colonists continued amicable relations with each other.
B. the colonists welcomed British authority and protection.
C. the British were impressed by the colonists’ military expertise.
D. tensions increased between the British and the colonists.
ANSWER: D

In 1755 New England colonists and British soldiers invaded _________, displacing thousands of residents.
A. Montreal
B. Acadia
C. New York City
D. Ottawa
ANSWER: B


For a time during the 1740s, demand for enslaved labor in South Carolina decreased because
A. African civil wars made it hard to obtain slaves.
B. the price of slaves was extraordinarily high.
C. rice prices collapsed.
D. indentured servants became more available.
ANSWER: C

The wide use of horses by Plains Indians resulted in
A. easier work for Indian women.
B. a less nomadic way of life.
C. an increase in game hunting.
D. a desire for Plains Indians to curtail trade with other tribes.
ANSWER: C

The Stono Revolt resulted in
A. a lessening of control by the South Carolina colonial government over plantation owners.
B. a bloodless coup by Africans who were allowed a few more freedoms in South Carolina.
C. allowing slaves to hire themselves out with permission of the master.
D. tougher slave laws.
ANSWER: D

By the 1730s the most educated colonists began to
A. search for different religions.
B. embrace science.
C. think about independence.
D. question slavery.
ANSWER: B

Moravians in Georgia established a school to evangelize Indians but were eventually asked to leave because
A. they were unsuccessful in their conversion efforts.
B. they refused to violate their pacifist beliefs.
C. most Georgians considered the Moravian heretics.
D. they were reluctant to include slaves in their conversion efforts.
ANSWER: B

Christian religions involved in the revivalist efforts of the mid-18th century had several things in common, including
A. acceptance of hierarchal authority.
B. demanding a state supported religion.
C. the decline of women’s influence.
D. the exclusion of slaves and Indians from Christianity.
ANSWER: C

Peace in the Ohio Valley in the 1740s was largely a result of
A. A delicate balance of power.
B. French dominance in the area.
C. Alliances between the British and French.
D. The superiority of the Iroquois nation.
ANSWER: A

Causes of the French and Indian War included
A. British desire to build forts to halt French encroachment.
B. the transfer of land in the Ohio Valley to Virginia by the Iroquois League.
C. colonial expansion into the Ohio Valley.
D. the desire of the French to remove Indians from the colony of Pennsylvania.
ANSWER: C

One of the strategies used by the Comanche to retain their power base was
A. their exclusive use of firearms against other tribes.
B. playing the French and Spanish against each other.
C. remaining neutral in European struggles.
D. using their equestrian skills to become expert hunters.
ANSWER: B

The Albany Congress, which occurred in June of 1754,
A. successfully united colonial governments.
B. included only representatives from the colonies.
C. temporarily kept the Iroquois from siding with the French.
D. successfully implemented a plan to coordinate a colony-wide defense.
ANSWER: C


Prior to 1740, most enslaved Africans in the northern colonies 
A. arrived directly from Africa.
B. came from the port city of Charleston in South Carolina.
C. had lived in the Caribbean.
D. arrived in Boston.
ANSWER: C

The increase in the population of convicts who were sent to North America was partially a result of
A. the increase in the severity of English laws.
B. a way for the English to help populate the colonies.
C. humanitarian efforts to reform convicts.
D. the request of the colonists for additional labor sources.
ANSWER: A

John Wesley incorporated many rituals from the _________ into his establishment of Methodism.
A. Old Lights
B. Congregationalists
C. Moravians
D. Presbyterians 
ANSWER: C

The spiritual awakening that occurred during the 18th century had its roots in
A. Pietism.
B. Spiritualism.
C. Catholicism.
D. Indian rituals.
ANSWER: A

By the 1760s, the destination of slaves coming to North America included
A. Texas, because of the increase in wheat production.
B. Georgia, where slavery had recently been legalized.
C. Florida, to supplement the enslaved Indian population.
D. Mississippi, due to the increase in rice plantations.
ANSWER: B

Philadelphia and Delaware became the destination for many Irish immigrants because
A. it was the closest port in North America to Ulster.
B. demand for indentured servants was high.
C. wages for artisans were generally higher in these areas.
D. unlike other areas in North America, religious tolerance made them an ideal location.
ANSWER: B

___________ became a highly sought after commodity from British merchants because colonists considered it a sign of refinement.
A. China
B. Stoneware
C. Tea
D. Silk
ANSWER: C

Originally, Dartmouth college was established as a school for
A. freed slaves.
B. Indians.
C. women.
D. landowners.
ANSWER: B

in the French and Indian War, the British had a military advantage over the French 
A. because they had a potentially larger fighting force.
B. because they readily adjusted to new techniques that differed from traditional British military training.
C. after the Indians abandoned the French.
D. because they were able to disrupt French supply lines.
ANSWER: A

By the end of the French and Indian War, changes included
A. the dominance of the French in the West Indies.
B. the decline of the British East India Company.
C. the end of the war for colonists and Indians under the Treaty of Paris.
D. dominance of the British in North America and West Indies.
ANSWER: D