What was the goal of Edmund Charles Genet when he came to America in 1793?
A. to become a U.S. citizen
B. seek trade opportunities for France
C. enlist U.S. support for the French Revolution
D. settle in French Canada
ANSWER: C

What was one of the first acts of the new Congress in 1789?
A. the election of Washington as president
B. introduction of the Bill of Rights to the Constitution
C. to raise taxes
D. declare that the U.S. would remain neutral in European conflicts
ANSWER: B

Which of the following represents the political differences between Hamilton’s Federalists and Jefferson’s Democratic Republicans?
A. Federalists pushed for better relations with France over Great Britain.
B. Federalists tended to favor the educated elites.
C. Democratic Republicans favored a strong central government.
D. Democratic Republicans led the fight for greater taxation.
ANSWER: B

The Proclamation of Neutrality, issued in __________, allowed the U.S. to maintain trade with both France and Great Britain.
A. 1789
B. 1791
C. 1793
D. 1796
ANSWER: C

Why did Jefferson resign as Secretary of State at the end of 1793?
A. He wanted to retire to his farm.
B. Jefferson returned to France as ambassador.
C. He was too heavily in debt to continue public service.
D. His feud with Hamilton caused him to question Washington’s policies.
ANSWER: D

Why was the treaty negotiated by Jay in 1795 controversial?
A. It curtailed U.S. trading rights.
B. Americans felt it did not favor British concerns.
C. It was seen as a violation of Washington’s neutrality policy.
D. It helped the French revolutionists gain an advantage over their opponents.
ANSWER: C

Why was the Whiskey Rebellion a significant event in the early Republic?
A. Federal military troops were used to suppress violence.
B. It caused the price of whiskey to skyrocket.
C. It led to an increase in the coffee market.
D. Protestors caused widespread destruction and deaths.
ANSWER: A

Which of the following accelerated tensions with the Indians after the Revolution?
A. British plans for extending their presence in the western territories
B. advancement of settlers in the western territories
C. withdrawal of British troops along the western borders
D. American refusal to negotiate with western Indians
ANSWER: B

The Treaty of San Lorenzo in 1795, also known as __________, opened Mississippi trade to the U.S.
A. Pinckney’s Treaty
B. Jay’s Treaty
C. Godoy’s Treaty
D. the Treaty of Greenville
ANSWER: A

In the early years of the Republic, how were all members of the Electoral College chosen?
A. popular vote
B. state legislators
C. Congress
D. different methods depending on the state
ANSWER: D

What did Washington warn Americans about in his “Farewell Address” in 1796?
A. trading with Europeans
B. to look to Asia for new trade opportunities
C. involvement in foreign affairs
D. to find a way to co-exist with the Indians
ANSWER: C

Adams was severely criticized by __________ for his French foreign policy.
A. Loyalists
B. Democratic-Republicans
C. Federalists
D. the British
ANSWER: C

What was the intent of the Alien and Sedition Acts?
A. suppress political opposition against the government
B. eliminate British immigration
C. prohibit boycotts
D. prohibit immigrants from becoming U.S. citizens
 ANSWER: A

Why were the actions of Toussaint Louverture a cause for American concern?
A. He revised the American ideas of republicanism.
B. Louverture successfully campaigned in the Caribbean against U.S. trade interests.
C. Americans were concerned his successful slave rebellion would inspire U.S. slaves.
D. As the new president of Saint Domingue, his interests were aligned with France and not with the U.S.
ANSWER: C

Why did the Virginia slave rebellion in 1800 fail?
A. The insurgents were unable to build a support network.
B. The rebels were betrayed by fellow slaves.
C. Slaves relied too heavily on foreign support which did not materialize.
D. Most slaves were distracted by the 1800 election.
ANSWER: B

Although the Democratic Republican Party generally promoted political democracy, __________________ lost some of their political voice under its administration.
A. small landowners
B. women
C. western settlers
D. Federalists
ANSWER: B

How did Adams continue his influence in American politics after leaving office?
A. He stacked federal courts with Federalists prior to leaving office.
B. He continued advising Jefferson on political matters.
C. His political popularity carried a lot of weight in the Virginia legislature.
D. Through his wife’s influence, he was able to affect some positive changes for Virginia slaves.
ANSWER: A

What was the significance of the Court decision Marbury v. Madison?
A. It reduced the power of the federal government to enforce laws.
B. It established the principle of “judicial review.”
C. It emphasized the weakness of John Marshall.
D. It reinforced the impeachment  power of the legislative branch of government.
ANSWER: B

What was the significance of the XYZ Affair?
A. American diplomats were humiliated by French officials.
B. Americans and French entered into a non-aggression agreement.
C. Congress officially declared war on France.
D. Adam’s popularity temporarily soared.
ANSWER: A

Although the Haitians formed a republican form of government,
A. Jefferson refused to support a black leader.
B. tt was too radical to garner U.S. support.
C. the U.S. did not want to support any country in the western hemisphere that supported the French.
D. Americans were against any country that engaged in repression against any of its citizens.
ANSWER: A

Who was the leader of the bloody 1811 slave rebellion in Virginia? 
A. Gabriel Prosser
B. Charles Deslondes
C. Usuf Quaramanti
D. William Eaton
ANSWER: A

In 1800, the Treaty of San Ildefonso
A. resulted in more territory for Spain.
B. gave the French access to the port of New Orleans.
C. left the Mississippi River in control of Americans.
D. allowed both Spain and France to acquire additional North American territories.
ANSWER: B

Who did Jefferson need to negotiate with in order to complete the Louisiana Purchase?
A. Spain
B. Britain
C. Louis XVI
D. Talleyrand
ANSWER: D

How much did the U.S. government pay for the Louisiana Purchase?
A. $1 million
B. $5 million
C. $10 million
D. $15 million
ANSWER: D

What lesson did the U.S. learn from its wars in North Africa in the early 19th century?
A. The U.S. was a well-respected nation in the eyes of the world.
B. The wars proved that Americans could win an international conflict.
C. The weaknesses of the U.S. were exposed.
D. The U.S. did not need protection from the Barbary states.
ANSWER: C

Why was Burr tried for treason in 1807?
A. He attempted to gain control of Mexico.
B. He killed Hamilton in a duel.
C. He was involved in a plot to overthrow the government under Jefferson.
D. He blocked the Louisiana Purchase through illegal means.
ANSWER: A

How did westward expansion in the Northwest Territory change the Shawnee’s relations with Americans?
A. They were encouraged to establish peaceful relations with the settlers.
B. The Shawnee were forced to move further west.
C. They began to accept the idea of private land ownership.
D. Shawnee leaders advocated the concept of adaptation.
ANSWER: B

What actions did the British use to control U.S. trade in the early 1800s?
A. Seizure of American ships
B. Refusing to trade with Americans
C. Preventing the U.S. from all trade with the French
D. Forbidding Canadians to trade with Americans
ANSWER: A

What happened to the fate of American political parties after the War of 1812?
A. Americans realized they no longer needed political parties.
B. The Democratic Republicans were eliminated as a political force.
C. Federalists continued to gain power.
D. The Federalists were destroyed.
ANSWER: D

Which of the following best reflects the position of the U.S. following the War of 1812?
A. The U.S. acquired large tracts of land in Canada.
B. The British were allowed some limited access to western territories.
C. Both the British and Americans agreed to make peace with the Indians.
D. The Treaty settled the issue of pre-war trade conflicts.
ANSWER: C


Why did Washington finally agree to let Genet stay in America?
A. He faced execution in France
B. To discuss the possibility of aiding the French
C. So he could stand trial for defying Washington’s Neutrality Pact
D. To appease Jefferson who wanted Genet to stay
ANSWER: A

Why were Americans concerned about the outcome of the French Revolution?
A. It could affect the future of slavery.
B. If the French lost it could upset the political landscape of Europe.
C. Americans were concerned that the French would return to a monarchy and jeopardize the future of republicanism.
D. Americans were worried about the loss of trading rights with the French.
ANSWER: A

Besides maintaining trading rights with France and Great Britain, what else did Washington hope to accomplish when he issued the Proclamation of Neutrality?
A. decreased hostilities between the French and Spanish in North America
B. secure U.S. borders
C. build-up of U.S. naval power
D. time for the U.S. military to recover from the American Revolution
ANSWER: B

Which groups of people were particularly opposed to Hamilton’s suggestion that the federal government assume the states’ war debts?
A. Northerners
B. Southerners
C. merchants
D. farmers
ANSWER: B

How did most Americans keep up with the news of their political party?
A. Town criers spread the news.
B. Each party held public meetings.
C. They read the newspaper that supported their party politics.
D. They attended congressional sessions.
ANSWER: C

Why was Mississippi River access important to Americans?
A. It was a lucrative source of water power.
B. It made travel between the east and west possible.
C. It provided a route to the Pacific Ocean.
D. It opened tax-free markets in New Orleans.
ANSWER: D

In what year did Washington, D.C. become the official site of the U.S. Capitol?
A. 1799
B. 1795
C. 1792
D. 1789
ANSWER: A

As the second president of the United States, ________________ had the ability to handle crises but he never matched Washington’s popularity.
A. Jefferson
B. Hamilton
C. Adams
D. Burr
ANSWER: C

How did the Battle of Fallen Timbers affect the Indians?
A. It forced Americans to relinquish control.
B. It signaled the beginning of Indian assimilation programs.
C. The Indians were assured of continued support from British troops.
D. The British were forced to abandon their forts and withdraw from America.
ANSWER: B

In what year was the Louisiana Purchase completed?
A. 1800
B. 1803
C. 1805
D. 1807
ANSWER: B

As Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, John Marshal
A. increased the Court’s powers.
B. relinquished judicial power to the state courts.
C. was careful to refrain from supporting either political party.
D. lost an opportunity to strengthen the Court’s prestige.
ANSWER: A

How did Adams react to the crisis between Great Britain and France in 1796?
A. He continued a non-aggressive policy.
B. He refused to engage in diplomatic relations with France.
C. He actively sought support to involve the U.S. on the side of Great Britain.
D. He secretly sent aid to the French.
ANSWER: A

Why did American support shift against the French in their war with Great Britain in 1797?
A. Americans realized trade with Great Britain was important to their economy.
B. French officials tried to bribe American diplomats.
C. British officials offered Americans a lucrative deal for their support.
D. French presence in western territories was still a source of annoyance to Americans.
ANSWER: B

The newly planned city of Washington, D.C. was a reflection of which of the following?
A. America’s desire to have a capitol based entirely on American designs
B. George Washington’s infatuation with the British
C. French influence on Americans
D. Puritan impact on the nation’s personality
ANSWER: C 

A large scale slave revolt in Virginia, led by ____________, was meant to disrupt the presidential election of 1800.
A. Toussaint Louverture
B. Gabriel Prosser
C. Thomas Gabriel
D. Jean Dessalines
ANSWER: B

How did Americans deal with the influx of Haitian refugees?
A. Most states welcomed black and white refugees.
B. White slave owners were not allowed to bring their black slaves into the U.S.
C. Congress lifted the ban on slave importation.
D. More states enacted manumission laws.
ANSWER: C

Which of the following was a point of contention between political parties during the 1800 election?
A. U.S. economic policy concerning state debts
B. The question of western expansion
C. The possibility of a civil war due to the divided opinion of U.S. policy regarding France 
D. The amount of support the U.S. should give Caribbean revolutionaries
ANSWER: C

Although Jefferson generally supported a limitation on federal power, in what area was he particularly aggressive?
A. tightening of repressive slaves codes
B. lenient treatment of western Indians
C. acquisition of additional territory for the U.S.
D. economic policies
ANSWER: C

How was American trade affected during the European conflicts of 1793-1803?
A. Americans were allowed limited neutral trading.
B. The French prevented U.S. trade with Great Britain.
C. Trade with the Caribbean decreased.
D. Exports increased.
ANSWER: A

In what year was the international slave trade banned in the U.S.?
A. 1805
B. 1807
C. 1808
D. 1809
ANSWER: D

How did the U.S. ban on the slave trade affect slavery within the U.S.?
A. Slavery expanded.
B. Slavery decreased.
C. Slaves became more expensive.
D. There was no difference.
ANSWER: A

One of the problems between the U.S. and Great Britain in the early 1800s involved which of the following issues?
A. The British impressments of U.S. seamen.
B. The U.S. was capturing British slave ships.
C. The U.S. would not allow the British to trade in the U.S.
D. The British refused to recognize the right of the U.S. to trade internationally.
ANSWER: A

Which of the following was one of the most important results of the French and Haitian revolutions?
A. economic success for Haiti
B. increased global migration
C. acceptance of democratic governments by all European countries
D. Napoleon’s influence in the Caribbean
ANSWER: B

The City of _____________ became the destination of many French émigrés during the 1790s.
A. Charleston
B. New York
C. Boston
D. Philadelphia
ANSWER: D

Why did Americans ultimately decide to declare war on Britain in 1812?
A. Protect the Indians from British influence
B. Show the world they could defend themselves
C. Gain control of the British West Indies
D. Help the French gain European dominance
ANSWER: B

Which of the following is a fair statement regarding the War of 1812?
A. All Americans were willing to go to war with Great Britain.
B. Federalists pushed for a declaration of war to protect New England merchants.
C. Protest against the war led to mob violence within some states.
D. The Indians sided with the Americans in the hope of expelling the British from western territories.
ANSWER: C

The Shawnee leader _______________  was instrumental in providing assistance to the British during the War of 1812.
A. Cadore
B. Tenskwatawa
C. “The Prophet”
D. Tecumseh
ANSWER: D

Why were the Indians sympathetic to the British during the War of 1812?
A. They believed the British had a moral and political right to the Northwest Territory.
B. Indians were sure the British would win because they had the better army.
C. They hoped a British victory would keep the Americans from expanding westward.
D. An alliance with the British would give the Indians international recognition as a sovereign nation.
ANSWER: C

What finally caused Americans to rise up against the Barbary leaders?
A. Americans were morally opposed to the practice of pirating.
B. The leaders of the Barbary states were interfering in the African slave trade to America.
C. Barbary pirates were capturing and selling Americans into slavery.
D. Americans were opposed to paying tribute for protection.
ANSWER: C

Although it was fought after the peace treaty had been signed, why was the Battle of New Orleans significant?
A. Americans were assisted by French privateers.
B. Although Jackson was defeated, he became an American hero.
C. It was a rousing victory for Americans, proving they could compete with European forces.
D. Francis Scott Key wrote The Star Spangled Banner while watching this battle.
ANSWER: C


Besides trying to convince Americans to support the French Revolution, what else were the French hoping to accomplish in 1793?
A. Expel the British and Spanish from Canada and Louisiana
B. Re-establish relations with the Indians to expand the fur trade
C. Acquire western territory for France
D. Convince the French missionaries to return to France
ANSWER: A

Once the Constitution was passed, the disagreements in Congress centered on what issue?
A. slavery
B. proper use of federal power
C. election of the President
D. Indian relocation
ANSWER: B

How did Americans express their anger at Hamilton’s tax programs?
A. They stopped purchasing American goods.
B. They boycotted European goods.
C. They stopped drinking whiskey.
D. They rebelled.
ANSWER: D

Which political party was ultimately victorious in the 1800 election?
A. Democratic-Republicans
B. Federalists
C. Anti-Federalists
D. Republicans
ANSWER: A

The duel between Hamilton and Burr
A. occurred as a result of personal insults.
B. ended with the death of Burr.
C. emphasized the violence in politics between parties.
D. underscored the fragile state of republicanism.
ANSWER: A

Why did the U.S. government refuse to support the Haitian Revolution?
A. Americans did not want the Haitians to lose French support.
B. Haiti’s constitution permanently abolished slavery.
C. Most Americans still supported the French revolutionists.
D. The new government threatened to disrupt American trade in the Caribbean
ANSWER: B

Why did the new leader of Haiti threaten America’s sense of security?
A. He threatened to unite the Caribbean colonies against American interests in support of the French.
B. He refused to engage in diplomatic relations.
C. He did not support the American Revolution.
D. He was a former slave.
ANSWER: D

Who did Jefferson hope would benefit by the Louisiana Purchase?
A. artisans
B. slavers
C. large plantation owners
D. small farmers
ANSWER: D

How did Jefferson justify the use of executive power to purchase the Louisiana territory?
A. As President, he had the power to negotiate treaties.
B. It would promote his vision of an agricultural based economy.
C. It benefitted the elite of society.
D. It provided more territories that would eventually become states.
ANSWER: B

Which of the following was a result of the British offensive in the Chesapeake area?
A. The British suffered a heavy defeat in Alexandria.
B. The British burned the White House.
C. The U.S. forces surrendered at Fort McHenry.
D. The British captured Baltimore.
ANSWER: B


What caused Americans to change their minds about supporting the French Revolution?
A. They didn’t think the French could win the war.
B. Supporting the French would jeopardize their relationship with Great Britain.
C. The Revolution took a violent turn.
D. The revolutionists did not want equal rights for all men.
ANSWER: C

What permanent political institution developed as a result of the conflicts in Congress?
A. President’s cabinet
B. State of the Union Address
C. Political parties
D. Electoral college
ANSWER: C

What was Hamilton’s rationale for insisting that the states’ war debts be repaid?
A. to provide jobs for state workers
B. to keep the states from borrowing money from foreign sources
C. to provide the states enough capital to create an infrastructure
D. to assure other nations that America was a good credit risk
ANSWER: D

In the presidential election of 1796, both the president and vice-president
A. were from the same political party.
B. were nominated by their respective political parties.
C. received the highest and second highest number of votes irrespective of party affiliation.
D. reflected the popular opinion of the people.
ANSWER: C

Under Jefferson’s administration,
A. women with property were allowed to vote in some states.
B. there was a move to increase federal power.
C. Democratic Republicans pushed for an excise tax.
D. women and slaves lost some of the gains they made when the Federalists were in power.
ANSWER: D

Why were the Spanish concerned about the relatively calm relations between the U.S. and Great Britain following the Treaty of Greenville?
A. They were concerned Americans would try to obtain Spanish territory in the Caribbean.
B. The British could now turn their attention to controlling Spanish trade.
C. It was possible the British and Americans would combine forces and attack Spanish territories in the southern part of North America.
D. They were afraid Americans would send military assistance to the French.
ANSWER: C

Why was the election of 1800 considered a test for American republicanism?
A. It involved the peaceful transfer of power.
B. It was a landslide victory for John Adams.
C. It resulted in a tie between Adams and Jefferson.
D. Electors put aside state differences for the good of the nation.
ANSWER: A

The Louisiana Purchase led to economic growth as well as
A. military conflicts.
B. smoother relations with the Indians.
C. the desire of Americans to eliminate slavery in the territory.
D. a decrease in east/west trade.
ANSWER: A

The new Haitian government was finally established  when _________ became the leader of Haiti.
A. Napoleon
B. Christope
C. Dessalines
D. Louis Philippe
ANSWER: C

How did Americans attempt to avoid war with France and Great Britain in 1807?
A. Americans boycotted all foreign goods until France and Great Britain agreed to negotiate.
B. Congress cut off all foreign trade.
C. U.S. cut all trade with Great Britain but continued to trade with France.
D. Congress imposed commercial sanctions on France but not Great Britain.
ANSWER: B

