Nixon and Carter--Diplomacy in an Age of Limits

Nixon (Other Than Vietnam)

-- DŽtente

1) Balance of Power

2) Economic Realities

3) Negotiation not Confrontation

-- Goals:

1) Containment on the Cheap

2) Expand Markets--Economic Links

-- Arms Limitation

1) MAD

a. land-based ICBMs
b. long-range B-52 bomber
c. sub-based ballistic missiles
d. MIRVs2) Soviet Gains--Land Based Missiles

3) SALT I (1972)

4) SALT II--Continued Talks

-- Only Nixon Could Go to China

Advantages:

a. Balance of Power

b. China Market

c. Non-Proliferation

d. Political Dividends

e. Pressure on NV

-- The Cost of Alliances--The Middle East

-- Three Pillars: Israel, Iran, Saudi Arabia

-- Shuttle Diplomacy: Incremental Approach

-- Yom Kippur and the Oil Crisis

-- Cultivating Arab Friendship/Limiting Soviets

-- Egypt

-- Iran

-- South Africa

The Limits of Morality--Jimmy Carter

1. preventative approach

2. Restore American Credibility in Third World

3. Human Rights

4. Contain Soviets

-- Successes

-- SALT II

-- Panama Treaty

-- Camp David

-- Relations Between Israel and Egypt

-- Israeli Withdrawal from Sinai

-- Negotiations Toward Home Rule

-- Cost with Soviets

-- Failures

-- Soviet-American Relations

-- Iran

-- Assessment & Legacy

-- Reduced Expectations

-- The Limits of Morality in Foreign Policy

-- Failure with Congress

-- Lesson: Do Not Speak the Truth