Final Exam

From Tape #8 From Id to the Ego in the Orient: Kundalini Yoga, Part One & associated readings
1.  A purpose of ancient Hinduism, in addition to offering a metaphysical view of the place of human beings in the universe, is to teach
 *A.  the means for emancipation (moksha)
 B.  the means to the human psychosexual centers
 C.  the correct interpretation of the Upanishad
 D.  all of the above

From Tape #8 From Id to the Ego in the Orient: Kundalini Yoga, Part One & associated readings
2.  Unlike other Indian thought, Tantra and Kundalini Yoga construct a complete theory of the universe that values the physical universe and
 *A.  values the human body
 B.  devalues the human body
 C.  denies emancipation
 D.  promotes emancipation

From Tape #8 From Id to the Ego in the Orient: Kundalini Yoga, Part One & associated readings
3.  Campbell points out in the television program that the word, yuj, the root of the word Yoga in Sanskrit, means
 *A.  to yoke something to something else
 B.  to meditate
 C.  to attain spiritual emancipation
 D.  all of the above

From Tape #8 From Id to the Ego in the Orient: Kundalini Yoga, Part One & associated readings
4.  In the television program, Campbell points out that ideas in Indian philosophy are preserved in a special kind of text. The word for these texts means "thread." These texts are called
 A.  Raja Yogas
 *B.  Sutras
 C.  Pantanjalis
 D.  the Eight Limbs

From Tape #8 From Id to the Ego in the Orient: Kundalini Yoga, Part One & associated readings
5.  The purpose of Patanjali's Yoga is to enable the spiritual self to achieve emancipation from material existence by
 *A.  intentional stoppage of spontaneous activity of the mindstuff
 B.  intentional stoppage of breathing, through meditation
 C.  reciting sutras
 D.  merging with the physical world

From Tape #8 From Id to the Ego in the Orient: Kundalini Yoga, Part One & associated readings
6.  A center of power along the sushumna which leads from the bottom of the universe to the top or is found in the human body when it is seated in meditative posture is called
 *A.  Chakra
 B.  Mantras
 C.  Mandalas
 D.  Tantra

From Tape #8 From Id to the Ego in the Orient: Kundalini Yoga, Part One & associated readings
7.  In his discussion of the Kundalini Yoga, Joseph Campbell points out two major points where East and West differ and, in fact, are opposite.  The two points are:
 A .  In the East, the deity is a personification of the energy of life, whereas in the West, the deity is fact and the source of energy.
 B.  in the West, the brain is the source of consciousness, yet in the East it is a function of consciousness, and limited to secondary "time and space" consciousness.
 C.  Confusion over "the symbol" verses "the sign" is rampant in both the East and the West.
 *D. A and B
 E.  A and C

From Tape #9 From Psychology to Spirituality: Kundalini Yoga, Part Two & associated readings
8.  Campbell, in the television program, states that the chakra of Vishnu is the second chakra and that Vishnu is associated with
 A.  the Buddha
 B.  Jesus
 *C.  the erotic
 D.  the contemplative

From Tape #9 From Psychology to Spirituality: Kundalini Yoga, Part Two & associated readings
9.  Just as love is the special province of Vishnu, the destructive character of the world is the arena of
 *A.  Shiva
 B.  Vishnava
 C.  Bhakti Yoga
 D.  Krishna

From Tape #9 From Psychology to Spirituality: Kundalini Yoga, Part Two & associated readings
10.  Kali dancing on the prostrate body of Shiva is the symbolic act of renouncing the culturally conditioned images of divinity in favor of
 A.  Yab-Yum
 B.  nirvana
 *C.  the elementary truth
 D.  the first chakra

From Tape #9 From Psychology to Spirituality: Kundalini Yoga, Part Two & associated readings
11.  The practice of Kundalini Yoga is
 A.  potluck dinners
 *B.  beautiful rituals
 C.  total madness
 D.  the increase of sexual activity

From Tape #9 From Psychology to Spirituality: Kundalini Yoga, Part Two & associated readings
12.  Concerning the five levels of love, which of the following is the highest level of love?
 A.  Master and servant
 B.  Friend for friend
 C.  Parent for child
 D.  Spouse for spouse
 *E.  Courtly love/love for humanity

From Tape #9 From Psychology to Spirituality: Kundalini Yoga, Part Two & associated readings
13.  In the initiation of menstruation, nature takes over the female body. Historically, initiation rituals for the male are exceedingly rough and tough because:
 A.  Although only a one time event, the suffering of circumcision far outweighs a life of menstruation and related physical events.
 B.  Testosterone has been a well understood fact (and medical condition) since the beginning of time.  The nature of male rituals simply follows.
 C.  The human male is much more capable of pain and suffering than the female
 *D.  Since nature does not take control of the male body, the social order takes over to make him suffer like a woman does.
 E.  All of the above

From Tape #10 The Descent to Heaven: The Tibetan Book of the Dead and associated readings
14.  The chief monk and former ruler of the classical Tibetan state and, according to Tibetan Buddhism, the incarnation of the Bodhisattva Avalokiteshavara is the
 A.  Tara
 B.  Lama
 *C.  Dalai Lama
 D.  Kuan Yin

From Tape #10 The Descent to Heaven: The Tibetan Book of the Dead and associated readings
15.  This "Buddha-to-be" in Mahayana Buddhism delays emancipation in order to help suffering beings to achieve emancipation.
 A.  Kuan Yin
 B.  Amida
 C.  Akshobhya
 *D.  Bodhisattva

From Tape #10 The Descent to Heaven: The Tibetan Book of the Dead and associated readings
16.  This diagram, used for meditation in Tibetan Buddhism and Hinduism, may be geometric and may contain symbolic representations of Buddhas, animals, and humans.
 *A.  Mandala
 B.  Yama
 C.  Bon
 D.  Lama

From Tape #10 The Descent to Heaven: The Tibetan Book of the Dead and associated readings
17.  Joseph Campbell points out that Tantric Buddhism incorporates aspects of the Hindi religion which came to Tibet from
 *A.  India
 B.  China
 C.  Japan
 D.  Southeast Asia

From Tape #10 The Descent to Heaven: The Tibetan Book of the Dead and associated readings
18.  Devotees of Tantrism seek spiritual emancipation by one of two paths. Beyond the two paths lies the emancipated state, defined as the void. The state is called
 A.  Sonyata
 B.  the left-hand path
 *C.  Nirvana
 D.  New York City

From Tape #10 The Descent to Heaven: The Tibetan Book of the Dead and associated readings
19.  Joseph Campbell compares the Eastern theories of reincarnation with the Western Catholic teaching about
 A.  St. Thomas Aquinas
 B.  Hell
 C.  Heaven
 *D.  Purgatory

From Tape #10 The Descent to Heaven: The Tibetan Book of the Dead and associated readings
20.  The manual used by a lama to guide the life-stream of a dying person through the awaiting stages of the afterlife state is called
 *A.  The Tibetan Book of the Dead
 B.  Bardo Thodol
 C.  Bardo
 D.  all of the above

From Tape #10 The Descent to Heaven: The Tibetan Book of the Dead and associated readings
21.  Buddhism is primarily concerned with creating circumstances to
 *A.  prevent rebirth
 B.  allow rebirth
 C.  collect funds for the priesthood
 D.  forgive sins

From Tape #10 The Descent to Heaven: The Tibetan Book of the Dead and associated readings
22.  According to the First Bardo (in the Tibetan Book of the Dead), at the moment of death the life-stream rides to the top of the universe and is presented with the opportunity to merge with what Campbell calls
 A.  The Second Bardo
 B.  Samsara
 C.  Rebirth
 *D.  The Mother Light

From Tape #10 The Descent to Heaven: The Tibetan Book of the Dead and associated readings
23.  In the Second Bardo, one may be rewarded with rebirth in a state of paradise or with severe punishment, depending on ones personal
 *A.  Karma
 B.  Tankhas
 C.  Mandalas
 D.  Guru

From Tape #10 The Descent to Heaven: The Tibetan Book of the Dead and associated readings
24.  In the Third Bardo, one is
 *A.  reborn as human, without knowledge of previous life-stream
 B.  reborn as any life-form, without knowledge of previous life-stream
 C.  extinguished and not reborn
 D.  reborn as human, with knowledge of previous life-stream

From Tape #11 From Darkness to Light and associated readings
25.  The mystery religions of Greece and Rome had an influence on European culture second only to
 A.  Judaism
 B.  Christianity
 C.  Druidism
 *D.  A and B

From Tape #11 From Darkness to Light and associated readings
26.  The cult of Demeter and her daughter was centered at
 A.  Delphi
 B.  Athens
 C.  Olympia
 *D.  Eleusis

From Tape #11 From Darkness to Light and associated readings
27.  Dionysus, god of wine, and Demeter, goddess of grain, are both celebrated in the Eleusinian mysteries. Thus, the symbolism of bread and wine are central to the Eleusinian rites as they are to
 A.  the Western poetic tradition
 *B.  the Christian Eucharist
 C.  the cult of Apollo at Delphi
 D.  the Druids

From Tape #11 From Darkness to Light and associated readings
28.  Campbell connects the Eleusinian ritual (leading the candidate into the descent into the underworld and re-ascent into the world) to the central mystery of Christianity by explaining the figures on this object.
 *A.  a copy of the Petroasa Bowl
 B.  the Hermetic corpus
 C.  the tomb of Orpheus
 D.  the tomb of Dionysus

From Tape #11 From Darkness to Light and associated readings
29.  He fell in love with the reflection of his face in a pool of water. Unable to consummate his passion, he pined to death and was transformed into a plant.
 A.  Orpheus
 B.  Apollo
 *C.  Narcissus
 D.  Aidoneus

From Tape #11 From Darkness to Light and associated readings
30.  With the translation of the Hermetic corpus into Latin, scholars realized the symbolic imagery of the pagan world was equal to
 *A.  the symbolic imagery of Christianity
 B.  the mystical imagery of the pagan world
 C.  that of the Greek corpus
 D.  the pagan world before Hermes

From Tape #11 From Darkness to Light and associated readings
31.  His kingdom is the underworld and his name means "the unseen one" or "the wealthy one.
 A.  Orpheus
 *B.  Hades
 C.  Zeus
 D.  Apollo

From Tape #12 Where There Was No Path and associated readings
32.  The heroic tragedy of Tristan and Isolde is an example of total commitment to love in spite of the risk of
 *A.  social ostracism and sin
 B.  drinking poison
 C.  being immortalized in opera
 D.  all of the above

From Tape #12 Where There Was No Path and associated readings
33.  The Grail, a broad shallow dish, symbolizes above all
 *A.  an inexhaustible source of spiritual power
 B.  the wine bowl of Dionysus
 C.  the emblem of the Celts
 D.  a cornucopia

From Tape #12 Where There Was No Path and associated readings
34.  Campbell identifies the heroic, individualistic tradition in the romances as
 A.  originating the East
 B.  a big mistake
 *C.  native to Europe
 D.  a product of Christianity

From Tape #12 Where There Was No Path and associated readings
35.  In both Tristan and Isolde and Parzival, the highest expression of human possibility fuse the physical and the spiritual in
 A.  German operas
 *B.  sexual consummation
 C.  the Mass
 D.  all of the above

From Tape #12 Where There Was No Path and associated readings
36.  The Knights of the Round Table did not go forth on a quest as a group. For each, the path was dictated by
 A.  King Arthur
 B.  a Michelin Guide to Europe
 *C.  his own heart and imagination
 D.  his love of a true lady

From Tape #12 Where There Was No Path and associated readings
37.  In Gottfried's Tristan and Isolde, the young lovers find themselves in a double bind.  To fulfill their duties to themselves and each other, Tristan and Isolde must
 A.  flee to the woods
 B.  drink more and more love potion
 *C.  betray their duties to Mark
 D.  murder Parzival

From Tape #12 Where There Was No Path and associated readings
38.  That individual and social goals may be achieved simultaneously is demonstrated in
 *A.  Wolfram's Parzival
 B.  The Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
 C.  Tristan and Isolde
 D.  the History of the Kings of Britain

From Tape #12 Where There Was No Path and associated readings
39.  These Indo-European people began migrating to central and western Europe in the tenth century B.C.E. Most of them were assimilated by the Romans, but some preserved separate cultures in Cornwall, Wales, Scotland, and Ireland.
 A.  Danes
 B.  Saxons
 C.  Druids
 *D.  Celts

From Tape #12 Where There Was No Path and associated readings
40.  The "Western Way" referred to in the title of this unit is the
 *A.  concept of fulfillment of individual potential
 B.  concept of rescue by a divine instrument (Excalibur)
 C.  concept of the once and future king
 D.  concept of muddling through (Celtic)

From Tape #12 Where There Was No Path and associated readings
41.  Sir Gawain, nephew of King Arthur, makes several proposals indicative of the individual spirit of Western Europe.  Which of the following are proposed by Sir Gawain regarding the Holy Grail?
 A.  He proposes a quest to behold the Grail
 B.  He proposes it would be a disgrace to go in search of the Grail as a group
 C.  He proposes that each knight choose his own entrance to the forest
 D.  He proposes that no knight follow any path other than his own
 *E.  All of the above

From Tape #12 Where There Was No Path and associated readings
42.  Which author wrote The Wasteland, depicting people of having sterile hearts and living inauthentic lives?
 A.  Sir Thomas Malory
 *B.  T. S. Eliot
 C.  Carl Jung
 D.  It was a poem told in the Troubador tradition by many 12th Century bards
 E.  None of the above

From Tape #12 Where There Was No Path and associated readings
43.  The invasions of Europe during the Middle Ages had a profound impact on the cultures of that region.  To many, it is a wonder that Western Europe even survived. Which of the following groups did not to invade Europe at that time?
 A.  Muslims from the south
 B.  Germanic tribes from the northeast
 C.  Vikings from Scandinavia
 *D.  Hindus from India
 E.  All the above did invade Europe at that time

From Tape #13 A Nobel Heart and associated readings  NOTE:  Questions 44 through 50 are taken from Campbell's version of Gottfried's Tristan.
44.  Tristan challenges Morold to a duel. Morold is killed by Tristan but Tristan suffers
 A.  for the un-knightly manner of dueling
 B.  pangs of remorse, which can only be absolved by true love
 *C.  a wound by a poisoned weapon that only Queen Isolde can cure
 D.  when a dying dragon falls upon him

From Tape #13 A Nobel Heart and associated readings  NOTE:  Questions 44 through 50 are taken from Campbell's version of Gottfried's Tristan.
45.  When the young Isolde discovers Tristan's sword has a jagged piece missing, she matches a fragment in her possession to the missing piece from the sword. She then
 A.  realizes the harp-playing tantris is really Tristan
 B.  realizes he is the murderer of her uncle
 C.  attempts to kill him
 *D.  all of the above

From Tape #13 A Nobel Heart and associated readings  NOTE:  Questions 44 through 50 are taken from Campbell's version of Gottfried's Tristan.
46.  Tristan slays the dragon, but
 *A.  is poisoned by blood from the dragon's tongue
 B.  must duel with the King of Ireland
 C.  must find the dragon's head taken by the steward
 D.  none of the above

From Tape #13 A Nobel Heart and associated readings  NOTE:  Questions 44 through 50 are taken from Campbell's version of Gottfried's Tristan.
47.  Brangane discovers Tristan and Isolde have drunk the love potion intended for Mark and Isolde. Brangane's reaction is one of
 A.  congratulations
 B.  understanding
 C.  envy
 *D.  horror

From Tape #13 A Nobel Heart and associated readings  NOTE:  Questions 44 through 50 are taken from Campbell's version of Gottfried's Tristan.
48.  The tragic dilemma of Tristan and Isolde is
 *A.  how can Tristan honor his love to Isolde and his duty to Mark?
 B.  how can Isolde's lost virginity be disguised on her wedding night with her new husband?
 C.  how can the lovers continue to meet to satisfy their pledged love?
 D.  all of the above

From Tape #13 A Nobel Heart and associated readings  NOTE:  Questions 44 through 50 are taken from Campbell's version of Gottfried's Tristan.
49.  Fearing that Mark may observe them in bed, Tristan lays his sword between himself and Isolde to
 *A.  indicate that their love is chaste
 B.  admit their sin
 C.  prevent Mark from entering the cave
 D.  all of the above

From Tape #13 A Nobel Heart and associated readings  NOTE:  Questions 44 through 50 are taken from Campbell's version of Gottfried's Tristan.
50.  When Mark learns of the affair between his bride and his nephew, he does not kill them but allows them to go away in the lovers' chapel. This is a sign of Mark's
 A.  lack of love for his bride
 *B.  noble heart
 C.  respect for the law
 D.  respect for Lancelot

From Tape #14 In Search of the Holy Grail and associated readings
51.  Parzival accepts the Red Knight's challenge and kills the Red Knight. But Parzival's actions bring shame to Arthur's court because
 *A.  of the un-knightly way the Red Knight is killed
 B.  Parzival has killed his kinsman, Ither
 C.  Gurnemanz advised him to accept no challenges
 D.  the Red Knight was really King Arthur

From Tape #14 In Search of the Holy Grail and associated readings
52.  Parzival's marriage is not blessed by the church, but by
 *A.  the lovers' authentic response to one another
 B.  the Druid priest, Merlin
 C.  the Grail King
 D.  all of the above

From Tape #14 In Search of the Holy Grail and associated readings
53.  The Grail, in old Celtic tradition, is a vessel
 *A.  providing an inexhaustible supply of food and drink
 B.  used by Christ at The Last Supper
 C.  brought by Joseph of Arimathea to Glastonburg
 D.  taken by King Arthur to Avalon

From Tape #14 In Search of the Holy Grail and associated readings
54.  After Parzival's first visit to the Grail Castle, the wounded Grail King and his wasted land remain unhealed because
 A.  Parzival did not visit his mother
 B.  the enchantment is unbreakable without the Grail
 *C.  Parzival did not ask the restoring question
 D.  the enchantment is unbreakable without the help of Feirefiz

From Tape #14 In Search of the Holy Grail and associated readings
55.  Campbell's term for the separation of the reigns of nature and spirit; and divinity and transcendence exist not within the individuals, but beyond.
 A.  Magna Charta
 B.  Lapsit Exillis or Lapis Exilis
 *C.  mythic dissociation
 D.  social identification

From Tape #14 In Search of the Holy Grail and associated readings
56.  Campbell mentions that the Grail Quest is the solution to the conditions of life symbolized by
 A.  economic poverty
 *B.  the Wasteland
 C.  psychoanalysis
 D.  television, but not PBS

From Tape #14 In Search of the Holy Grail and associated readings
57.  Malory shows that the search for the transcendental god robs people of the power and inclination to resolve the problems they face
 A.  in finding the Grail
 B.  in all parts of the world (e.g., South Africa)
 *C.  in the here and now
 D.  which are unimportant

From Tape #14 In Search of the Holy Grail and associated readings
58.  In his final story in the final episode of this video series, Joseph Campbell asks, if not compels us to castoff our societal mask and be true to ourselves.  According to his parable then, we must all be
 A.  goats/sheep
 B.  bird/doves
 C.  gods
 *D.  None of the above

Vocabulary
Choose the letter of the answer that either defines, is analogous, is similar, or is closely related to the term on the left.

59. Moksha
A. phallic (male) symbol of Shiva in Hinduism
60. Lingham
B. coiled up energy/represented as a snake
61. Yoni
C. the straight (human) spine of the Yoga posture
62. Kunda
D. the attainment of emancipation (in Hinduism)
63. world axis
E. symbolic representation of the female organ

64. gross body
A. energy
65. subtle body
B. navel region - power dominated chakra - sex and violence
66. Muladhara
C. genital region - physical sex and lust, exemplified by S. Freud
67. Manipura
D. physical
68. Svadhisthana
E. the lowest chakra (of consciousness), at the base of the spine

69. Sahasrara
A. at this, the forehead region, the person focuses on their vision of god
70. Ajna
B. "I and the Father are one"
71. Vishuddha
C. the throat region, where the outward energy of chakra 3 is turned inward
72. Anahata
D. at this, the highest level, the pairs of opposites end
73. John 10:30
E. the heart region, a transformation level between lower and upper

74. Lama
A. Roman emperor who made Christianity the only acceptable religion
75. Mandala
B. Wrote the Christian historic interpretation of the Holy Grail
76. Constantine
C. Roman emperor who made Christianity one of the accepted religions in 327AD
77. Theodosius
D. Tibetan name for a Buddhist monk or priest
78. Malory
E. Diagram used for meditation in Tibetan Buddhism (and Hinduism)

79. Mark
A. the principle threat and sacrifice for courtly love
80. Isolde
B. partakes in courtly love with princess Isolde
81. Morold
C. sent by King of Ireland to exact tribute, but is killed by a headwound
82. Tristan
D. King of Cornwall who marries Isolde
83. honor
E. Queen adept at curing people who have been poisoned

84. Black queen of Zazamanc
A. trains Parzival to be a knight
85. Herzeloyde
B. half brother of Parzival
86. Feirefiz
C. mother of Feirefiz
87. Gurnemanz
D. Parzival marries her
88. Condwiramus
E. mother of Parzival


True or False
(Mark A if the statement is true and B if any part of the statement is false)

89.  Although not fully incorporated or understood in the religious traditions of the West, the religious traditions of the East are most apparent in Western artwork and psychology.
 *True
 False

90.  Based on artifacts and surviving artwork, Campbell surmises that the Yoga experience of self exploration has been going on in India for over 4000 years.
 *True
 False

91.  The first three levels of the Kundalini Yoga represent the levels of animal nature.  People functioning at these three lowest Chakra levels necessitate Dharma, or social law to control these impulses.  Luckily for us, claims Campbell, most popular religions today concern themselves with the higher Chakra levels, those from the heart region and upwards.
 True
 *False

92.  Historically, religions controlled by monks have been far more resilient and resistant to persecution and annihilation then with other religions controlled by priests.  A good example of this would be the Tibetan monks.
 True
 *False

93.  In the study of the mystery religions of ancient Greece, the topic of Androgyneity arises when referring to individuals who were both mortal and immortal and were both male and female.  Campbell suggests that only in "space and time" are we male or female, only half of what we really are.
 *True
 False

94.  Christianity teaches that all human beings are created in the likeness of God and are therefore incarnations of godly consciousness.  In Buddhism, followers are taught to aspire to the one it true incarnation of Buddha consciousness, that of Buddha himself.
 True
 *False

95. In Joseph Campbell's comparisons of the myths of the world, he points out not only the striking similarity, but essential equity of the myths of Mithra slaying the cosmic bull and of the Christian myth of Jesus Christ crucified on the cross.
 True
 *False

96.  Campbell points out that In many religious myths, the savior kills the sacrifice (a bull, for example) to release the energies of the deity.  In Christianity, on the other hand , it is the savior who is sacrificed.  In this interpretation, it can be put hypothesized that other religions would actually praise the role of Judas in the Bible, for bringing about the release of energy in the Christian deity.
 *True
 False

97.  It is very interesting to note that while the French and German languages formed under the reign of Charlemagne the Great, the nouns began to separate from the verbs.  In Latin the noun and the verb were together.  This separation is once again indicative of the focus on the importance of the individual in the Western tradition.
 *True
 False

98. In the Eastern system, people have duty systems in their own rigid societal structures of class and/or castes.  Campbell claims that there is very little of this tradition in the West, and, understood correctly, this can be seen is in major benefit for the spirituality of people of the Western world.
 *True
 False

99.  According to Joseph Campbell, there are two types of impersonal love.  The first is that of lust, where the sexual organs attract.  The other is divine love, in which you love your neighbor as yourself.  What makes these two seemingly very different types of love similar, is that in either case, the identity of the person who you are loving does not matter or is of no concern.
 *True
 False

100.  The Tristan and Isolde myth is concerned with the quest for the restoration of the spiritual life of Western man.  Therefore, according to Joseph Campbell, it is the greatest of medieval stories.
 True
 *False
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