All of the following were considered "other Hispanics" by census takers  except:    
 Ecuadorians    
 Costa Ricans    
 * Mexicans    
 Colombians    
    

The reforms initiated by Mikhail Gorbachev in the mid-1980s were known as     
 * glasnost.    
 perestroika.    
 intifada.    
 maquiladora.    
    

Poland held its first open elections since World War II in/on     
 * June 1989.    
 August 1991.    
 Christmas Day 1991.    
 May 1989.    
    

What did President George Bush call an event of biblical proportions?     
 the Gulf War    
 free elections in the Soviet Union    
 * the end of the cold war    
 the emergence of the internet    
    

On August 2, 1990, over 120,000 Iraqi troops invaded     
 Israel.    
 * Kuwait.    
 Jordan.    
 the West Bank.    
    

President Bush sent American troops to the Persian Gulf for all of the  following reasons except:    
 * to provide a peacekeeping force in the occupied territories bordering Israel.    
 to protect U.S. interests in Saudi Arabia.    
 to remove Iraqi forces from Kuwait.    
 to prevent Saddam Hussein from becoming another Hitler.    
    

What was the goal of Operation Desert Shield?     
 get Iraq out of Kuwait.    
 * protect Saudi Arabia from an invasion by Iraq    
 solve the Arab-Israeli crisis.    
 combat terrorism    
    

The following occurred as a direct result of the Gulf War except:     
 oil fires burning out of control in Kuwait.    
 the use of armor-piercing depleted uranium (DN) shells left behind traces of  radiation.   
 * the overthrow of Saddam Hussein.    
 a catastrophic toll on the civilian population of Iraq.    
    

In exchange for the cooperation of Syria, Jordan, and Saudi Arabia during  the Gulf War, U.S. diplomats promised    
 * to forge a just peace between the Palestinians and Israelis.    
 to cut military aid to Israel.    
 financial aid to a Palestinian state.    
 heavy investment in the region.    
    

The civil war in the Balkans revolved around     
 disputes over land.    
 * ethnic and religious rivalry and conflict.    
 meddling by Russia.    
 government corruption.    
    

The worst foreign crisis during the Clinton presidency erupted in     
 * Kosovo.    
 Albania.    
 Bosnia.    
 Bulgaria.    
    

This leader became the first head of state to be brought to trial for war  crimes:    
 Ariel Sharon.    
 Yasser Arafat.    
 Osama bin Laden.    
 * Slobodan Milosevic.    
    

Beyond their political party differences, what was a major distinction  between George Bush and Bill Clinton?    
 their positions on the Gulf War    
 Clinton was a New Deal liberal and Bush a Reagan conservative.    
 * Bush was of the World War Two and Clinton of the Vietnam war generation.    
 their positions on terrorism    
    

What did the Dayton Accords call for     
 an agreement on free trade.    
 * a federated multiethnic state of Bosnia.    
 an agreement between Israel and the Palestinians.    
 U. S. military intervention in the Balkans.    
    

After 1994, Americans enjoyed all of the following for the rest of the  nineties except:    
 record profits    
 low unemployment    
 unsurpassed prosperity    
 * elimination of personal debt    
    

This event signaled the beginning of a major economic recession:     
 the passage of the Gramm-Rudman Act    
 the collapse of the nation's savings and loan institutions    
 * the stock market crash of October 13, 1989    
 the 1988 presidential election    
    

Which of the following acts did Clinton support in opposition to the  Democratic Party?    
 * the Welfare Reform Act    
 the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA.    
 the Aid to Families with Dependent Children program (AFDC.    
 the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)    
    

When did the Dow Jones Industrial Average hit 11,000 for the first time?     
 March 1998    
 * May 1999    
 September 1998    
 January 1992    
    

Clinton's first term as president achieved all the following except:     
 averting a depression in Mexico    
 * the passage of the Health Security Act    
 the renewal of GATT    
 the passage of NAFTA    
    

This phrase was used by economists in the 1970s to describe the increasing  importance of the service sector, corporate restructuring, and globalization:    
 * "new economy."    
 "laissez-faire."    
 "risk capital."    
 "downsizing."    
    

Which one of the following statements most accurately describes what  happened in Silicon Valley in the late 1990s?    
 * Companies began moving out.    
 1,700 firms became based there.    
 It became a major processor of fruits and vegetables.    
 Unions experienced substantial growth.    
    

A thirty-by-ten mile strip in this county in California emerged as the real  and symbolic capital of microelectronics:    
 Orange County    
 San Francisco County    
 * Santa Clara County    
 Marin County    
    

As late as the 1960s, Silicon Valley was the world's:     
 most affluent community    
 major producer of electronics equipment    
 most integrated community    
 * major processor of fruits and vegetables    
    

By the end of the twentieth century, Silicon Valley sprawled between these  two cities:    
 Cupertino and Northridge.    
 Santa Cruz and Monterey.    
 * San Francisco and San Jose.    
 Berkeley and Palo Alto.    
    

The term "Silicon Valley" refers to     
 * the region that become America's center for computer hardware manufacturing.    
 the steel-making center of the nation.    
 the site where the space-based missile defense system was constructed.    
 the most profitable reservation casino allowed under the Indian Gaming  Regulatory Act.   
    

Silicon Valley was divided between     
 * predominantly affluent white males and poor minority non-union labor.    
 high paying union workers and management.    
 investment bankers and new technology managers.    
 government workers and minority non-union workers.    
    

The twin arrivals of cable and the videocassette recorder (VCR) helped  redefine the power of    
 advertising.    
 rock music.    
 the film industry.    
 * television.    
    

The original intent of Music Television (MTV) was     
 * to boost sales of artists' audio recordings.    
 to focus more on an artist's image rather than sound.    
 to advertise products to teens more effectively using a visual medium.    
 to limit the exposure of new, often less-commercial music.    
    

The Internet had its beginnings in the 1970s, when the Department of Defense  created the first computer network called    
 UNIVAC.    
 * ARPANET.    
 UNIX.    
 MS-DOS.    
    

By the beginning of the twenty-first century, the Census Bureau estimated  all of the following except:    
 More than 40 percent of households were connected to the Internet.    
 Nearly 85 percent of classrooms in public schools were online.    
 Americans spent nearly 21 hours per week at work on the Internet.    
 * Americans spent nearly 9.5 hours per week using the computer.    
    

By the mid-1990s, this nation had the most television sets:     
 the United States    
 Russia    
 India    
 * China    
    

The 2000 census showed that in the 1990s, the population of the United  States grew by    
 50.2 million.    
 * 32.7 million.    
 18.1 million.    
 16.5 million.    
    

By 1990, the largest percentage of Hispanics lived in this state:     
 * New Mexico    
 California    
 Texas    
 Arizona    
    

According to the 2000 census, this was the largest Hispanic group in the  United States:    
 Puerto Ricans    
 * Mexicans    
 Dominicans    
 Cubans    
    

Many of the stores looted by Los Angeles rioters were owned by     
 Hispanics.    
 Blacks.    
 * Koreans.    
 Arabs.    
    

The poverty rate in South Los Angeles was this many times the national  average:    
 two    
 * three    
 five    
 ten    
    

What did civil rights conclude about the large numbers of African Americans  in prison?    
 The statistics were inaccurate.    
 * They were victims of racial profiling.    
 They received poor legal representation.    
 The media distorted the statistics.    
    

The 2000 census reached all of the following conclusions regarding the  racial divide except:    
 Segregation was on the rise in both urban and suburban communities.    
 Segregation was more pronounced in schools.    
 Gains from the civil rights era were diminishing.    
 * The states with the most segregated schools were all in the South.    
    

The United States held Osama bin Laden responsible for all of the following  acts of terrorism except:    
 * the bombing of the Murrah Federal Building in Okalahoma City    
 the 1993 bombing of the World Trade Center    
 the bombing of the U.S. embassy in Kenya    
 the bombing of the U.S. embassy in Tanzania    
    

Who was involved in the Oklahoma City bombing?     
 * Timothy McVeigh    
 David Koresh    
 William Pierce    
 Rodney King    
    

California's Proposition 187 called for     
 an open policy toward European immigrants.    
 the profiling of individuals of Arab descent.    
 * the making of undocumented aliens ineligible for any welfare, schooling, and  social services.   
 the reversal of affirmative action at all state colleges.    
    

As president, George W. Bush espoused all of the following Reagan era agenda  items except:    
 strong military defense    
 tax cuts    
 * anti-Communism    
 the overhaul of Social Security and Medicare    
    

Which state had a controversy over the counting of its votes in the 2000  presidential election?    
 Alabama    
 * Florida    
 Mississippi    
 Georgia    
    

All of the following were goals of the American campaign in Afghanistan  except:    
 the death or capture of Osama bin Laden    
 the toppling of the Taliban regime    
 the destruction of Al-Qaeda's training camps    
 * establishing a foothold in order to more easily reach potential military  targets in the region   
    

Which one of the following did NOT happen in 1981?     
 AIDS is recognized and named.    
 Reagan initiates tax cuts.    
 MTV and CNN start broadcasting.    
 * Marines killed in Beirut.    
    

The Rodney King verdict sparked rioting in Los Angeles in     
 1991.    
 * 1992.    
 1993.    
 1994.    
    

Congress passed the Welfare Reform Act in     
 1990.    
 1994.    
 * 1996.    
 1998.    
    

The USS Cole was bombed by terrorists in     
 * 2000.    
 1998.    
 1996.    
 1993.    
    

Which one of the following geographic regions voted heavily in favor of Bush  in the election of 2000?    
 the Northeast    
 * the South    
 the West Coast    
 the upper Midwest    
    

The majority of immigrants to the United States in the 1990s came from     
 Europe.    
 Asia.    
 * Latin America.    
 Africa.    
    

Which on of the following statements about the election of 2000 is NOT true?     
 George W. Bush won the electoral vote.    
 * George W. Bush won the popular vote.    
 Al Gore carried the West Coast.    
 George W. Bush carried the Southeast.