Progressive reformers believed in all of the following except:     
 * rugged individualism    
 common bonds to make society more efficient    
 optimism about the future    
 the active use of government    
    

As a new kind of reform community, Henry Street Settlement was essentially a  community of    
 bohemian radicals who worked to change the political system.    
 * college-educated women who helped to solve problems of modern urban life.    
 machine politicians who wanted to deliver essential services to immigrants'  communities.   
 union workers who lived among immigrants to try to organize them.    
    

Lillian Wald and her Henry Street Settlement were involved in all of the  following except:    
 providing visiting nurse and health care services    
 lobbying to get the first school lunch programs    
 meeting place for the National Negro Conference    
 * applying Fredrick Taylor's efficient ideas    
    

In general, progressives were     
 * optimistic about citizens improving socio-economic conditions.    
 revolutionaries who wanted to organize cells for soldiers.    
 applying the ideas of Social Darwinism as reforms.    
 anti-political, preferring to emphasize improving individual character.    
    

A major reason why progressive women like Jane Addams turned to settlement  work was    
 * dissatisfaction with the choices that society offered to women.    
 settlement work commanded higher salaries.    
 settlement work required less professional training.    
 society offered no other employment opportunities.    
    

In exchange for votes, machine politicians offered their constituents     
 * jobs.    
 land.    
 vacations.    
 health care.    
    

Party machines were powerful because they were     
 crusaders against vice.    
 * organized and delivered needed services.    
 in control of most state legislatures.    
 champions of immigration restrictions and other nativist settlements.    
    

Tim Sullivan and George Plunkitt were examples of     
 * big city bosses who advocated "honest graft."    
 mayors who fought the wealthy on behalf of ordinary citizens.    
 governors who fought the wealthy on behalf of ordinary citizens.    
 people who cleaned up city government.    
    

Progressive critics of machine politics exaggerated the power of these  machines; in reality, their power was limited by    
 * state legislatures.    
 immigrants.    
 religious organizations.    
 the U.S. Congress.    
    

The systematic segregation of African Americans in the South resulted in     
 * separation of the races in the public sphere.    
 encouraging white communities to build better schools for blacks.    
 encouraging progressives to educate all children equally.    
 race riots throughout the South.    
    

Southern progressives agreed to the disenfranchisement and segregation of  African Americans because    
 * progressives shared the same racist views as others in southern society.    
 progressives wanted protection from the KKK.    
 disenfranchisement would allow poor whites to be upwardly mobile.    
 progressives did not want to lose political control to Democrats.    
    

Oregon progressives were particularly known for     
 public educational reform.    
 civil service reforms.    
 environmental policies.    
 * strengthening direct democracy.    
    

Progressives believed they had a mission to shape and control all of the  following except:    
 * Anglo-Saxons    
 immigrants    
 industrial workers    
 African Americans    
    

The Woman's Christian Temperance Union's efforts at prohibition and other  social reforms allowed women to    
 * fuse public concerns with moral guardianship.    
 remove unwanted elements in society.    
 collect contributions for political parties.    
 keep wives and mothers in the home.    
    

Business supported prohibition because     
 * closing saloons would increase the productivity of the worker.    
 farmers would be more supportive of industrialists.    
 unruly immigrants would return to their homelands.    
 consumers would have more money to spend on consumer goods.    
    

When reformers investigated prostitution, they were distressed to learn that  these working girls    
 * preferred prostitution to working in a factory.    
 were young American farm girls.    
 were from middle class, Protestant homes.    
 were married women who wanted more income.    
    

Both prohibition and ending prostitution were efforts by the progressive  reformers to control    
 * the new, predominantly Catholic and Jewish, immigrants.    
 city bosses and city machines.    
 the growing middle class.    
 state politicians who obstructed progressive reform.    
    

Which one of the following would be the MOST likely "new" immigrant to enter  the United States in 1905?    
 * a single, unskilled Italian male    
 a German steel worker    
 a young, unskilled Asian female    
 an Australian farmer    
    

New immigrants from 1900 to 1914 were MOST likely to be employed in     
 * low-paid, backbreaking work in basic industry.    
 fishing and truck farming.    
 railroads and mining.    
 construction of roads, canals and industrial sites.    
    

By the early 1900s, the most popular form of cheap entertainment was     
 * the movies.    
 baseball.    
 vaudeville    
 dance halls.    
    

Japanese immigrants could not obtain American citizenship because     
 * they were not considered to be white.    
 Japan did not allow them to become American citizens.    
 they did not wish to permanently reside in the United States.    
 Irish and German immigrants pressured the federal government to reject the  Japanese.   
    

Mexican immigrants were an important source of labor in all of the following  except:    
 farming    
 * factories    
 railroads    
 mines    
    

The following immigrant group worked predominantly in the ready-to-wear  garment industry:    
 * Jewish    
 Irish    
 German    
 Polish    
    

As a result of the Triangle Shirtwaist Company fire, the following positive  action was taken:    
 * Women saw an improvement in safety conditions and limited working hours.    
 Women received large annual bonuses.    
 Women were allowed to remain home with their families.    
 Women received health care and paid vacations.    
    

The American Federation of Labor organized the following:     
 * skilled labor    
 unskilled labor    
 Chinese labor    
 female labor    
    

The 1903 open shop campaign of the National Association of Manufacturers was  designed to    
 * eradicate unions.    
 promote unions.    
 eliminate competition for jobs.    
 mechanize industry.    
    

Booker T. Washington's message to progressive African Americans was to focus  on    
 economic improvement and self-reliance.    
 forming separate trade unions.    
 * obtaining political and civil rights.    
 getting a traditional college education.    
    

Middle-class women were attracted to the club movement because     
 * women had fewer familial responsibilities, and they were well educated.    
 middle-class women needed to find outside employment.    
 the club movement offered state of the art technical training to women.    
 husbands and children strongly encouraged mothers to get involved.    
    

President Theodore Roosevelt's support for the Hepburn Act and the Pure Food  and Drug Act reflected his beliefs in    
 * an economy based on a small competitive business.    
 keeping government out of big business.    
 regulating big business.    
 big business's ability to reform itself.    
    

Margaret Sanger and other new birth control advocates wanted birth control  because    
 * they wanted to advance sexual freedom for middle-class women and to protect  poor working women.   
 birth control would allow poor women to work longer hours.    
 birth control would curtail the birth explosion.    
 birth control would prevent child labor.    
    

Southern politicians held the view that racism toward African Americans was  acceptable because    
 they believed African Americans were predisposed to vice and crime; therefore,  it was permissible to hold racist views.   
 African Americans were more advanced than whites and did not need special  treatment.   
 * African Americans needed to fight their own battles for equality.    
 with special treatment, African Americans would take jobs away from whites.    
    

Who was the first head of the U. S. Forest Service?     
 * Gifford Pinchot    
 Theodore Roosevelt    
 John Muir    
 Hetch Hetchy    
    

W.E.B. Du Bois represented the first effort to encourage African Americans to  recognize    
 * African culture is a source of communal strength and should be preserved.    
 African Americans should only strive for manual work.    
 African Americans should return to Africa.    
 African Americans should remain in the South.    
    

Wilson's New Freedom platform in 1912     
 had a more moderate view of federal government power.    
 was the same as Roosevelt's New Nationalism.    
 * presented a clear detailed plan to solve economic difficulties.    
 focused on foreign policy issues.    
    

W.E.B. Du Bois organized the     
 * NAACP.    
 IWW.    
 AFL.    
 YMCA.    
    

Which one of the following lists the order of the following events? (1)	 IWW founded in Chicago  (2) 	Bread and Roses Strike  (3) 	Triangle Shirtwaist Company Fire  (4) 	Uprising of the 20,000    
 * 1, 4, 3, 2    
 2, 3, 4, 1    
 4, 3, 1, 2    
 3, 2, 4, 1    
    

Upton Sinclair's novel The Jungle exposes conditions in the meatpacking  industry in    
 1890.    
 1895.    
 1892.    
 * 1905.    
    

Which one of the following events did NOT occur in 1914?     
 Ludlow Massacre    
 * NAACP formed    
 Federal Trade Commission    
 Clayton Anti-trust Act    
    

Which one of the following was not a source of immigration to the United  States from 1900 to 1920?    
 * India    
 Italy    
 Poland    
 Canada    
    

Which nation contributed the largest number of immigrants to the United  States from 1900 to 1920?    
 Russia    
 Poland    
 * Italy    
 Germany    
    

Compared to Bryan in 1896, Wilson in 1892 was able to carry more of the     
 * Midwest.    
 Great Plains.    
 South.    
 West.