All of the following were reasons that the Cairo, Illinois, military camp was having problems except: Army doctors knew little about serious diseases. The army was overwhelmed with organizational tasks. Sanitation was not given proper attention. * Confederate guerrillas kept raiding the area. Which one of the following has the LEAST association with the others? * contraband Mother Bickerdyke Cyclone in calico the Sanitary The Galesburg, Illinois, congregation and various reform groups realized their communities would have to support the government with propaganda efforts. * supplies and goods. ministers. uniforms. The most basic similarity between the Union and the Confederacy when the Civil War began was that both sides * were unprepared for the ordeal that lay ahead. had an equal number of states. were suitably armed and prepared for war. had strong central governments. After the secession of South Carolina, the first crisis facing Lincoln was the southern invasion of Maryland. loss of New Orleans. * problem of Fort Sumter. southern attack on Harper's Ferry. Chester, Pennsylvania was an example of this type of northern response to mobilization: * rapid, patriotic and supported with a country-wide community relief system ambivalent about the southern secession and entertained the idea to let them go in peace supporters of the Vallandigham Peace Democrats rioting against using black soldiers or freeing slaves When Jefferson Davis made his call to arms, * men flocked to enlist. most poor whites refused to answer. many southerners were ambivalent about joining up. many used their slaves as substitutes. When Lincoln made his call to arms, many northern communities * responded enthusiastically. were ambivalent about joining up. rioted against fighting a war to free slaves. reacted with indifference. Slave states that did not secede from the Union were Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, and North Carolina. North Carolina, Georgia, and Texas. Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Texas. * Missouri, Kentucky, Maryland, and Delaware. The decision of four slave states to stay within the Union caused Lincoln to legalize slavery in all northern states. * negated the Confederate argument that they were forced to secede to protect the right to own slaves. negated the northern argument that they were fighting to free the slaves. gave the South a military advantage. All of the following were advantages enjoyed by the North as the Civil War began except: a much larger population superior industrial capacity * a large, well-trained army naval superiority The first battle of the Civil War was fought at Antietam. Gettysburg. Shiloh. * Bull Run. All of the following were advantages enjoyed by the South as the Civil War began except: They were on the defensive, and the North would have to invade. They had the most experienced officers. They had the economic power of "King Cotton." * They had naval superiority. Lincoln felt that his primary responsibility as president was to free the slaves. * preserve the Union. make the South pay for its defection. keep England out of the war. Many of the Republican economic measures passed during the war would have pleased * Henry Clay. Daniel Webster. Thomas Jefferson. John C. Calhoun. The greatest expansion in government power during the Civil War was in the * War Department. State Department. Department of the Interior. Senate. Battle deaths in the Civil War were relatively mild. numbered more than the First World War. numbered more than the Second World War. * numbered more than the combined deaths of American soldiers in WWI and WWII. Which one of the following was LEAST likely to be drafted into the Confederate military on the provisions of the draft law? * a southern planter from Mississippi with 30 slaves a non-slaveholding yeoman farmer from Alabama a 30-year-old miller from Charleston an 18-year-old apprentice printer from Texas The act that created a national currency was called the Morrill Land Grant Act. Morrill Tariff Act. * Legal Tender Act. National Bank Act. The Homestead Act * liberalized land policy by giving 160 acres to those who would live on and improve the land. established the federal Department of Agriculture. gave states public land to finance land grant colleges. used land to finance the construction of railroads. Union victories at Forts Henry and Donelson, Shiloh and Vicksburg successfully achieved this Union war goal: * cut off the Confederate states west of the Mississippi obtain stored up cotton from southern docks seize the resource-rich lower South isolate South Carolina England did not extend diplomatic recognition to the Confederacy because * English public opinion opposed recognizing a nation based on slavery. They no longer needed southern cotton. They feared war with the Union. They did not want to challenge the Monroe Doctrine. During the Civil War, the tribes in Indian Territory sided with the Union. stayed neutral. * had their own civil war as they split between Union and Confederacy. launched any number of guerrilla attacks under groups like Quantrill's Raiders. Which western state seceded from the Union? California Oregon Utah * Texas The South had problems financing its war effort because state governors refused to impose new taxes. the government issued paper money, causing inflation. large amounts of borrowing caused inflation. * all of the above. The Confederate draft law exempted all those who owned no slaves. * owners of 20 or more slaves. all males over 25. owners of fewer than five slaves. The most damaging factor undermining the Confederate cause was illiteracy among common soldiers. the dictatorial powers of the government. * strong beliefs in states' rights and aristocratic privilege. abolitionist propaganda. Initially, the Union's strategy was to invade the South. overwhelm the South with its better-trained army. * fight a limited war by strangling the South with a blockade. lure the South into invading the North. The Fifty-fourth Massachusetts protested the discrimination and unequal pay in the army by staging sit-downs. going AWOL. * refusing pay until equal. marching on Washington, D.C. The Confederate invasion of Maryland was halted by the Union at the Battle of Shiloh. * Antietam. Gettysburg. Seven Days. Grant's victory at Vicksburg combined with this admiral's capture of New Orleans gave the North control of the Mississippi River: John Paul Jones Don Carlos Buell * David Farragut Henry H. Sibley By 1865, how many southern blockade runners was the Union blockade capturing? one-third * one-half one quarter all All of the following were reasons that Lincoln initially resisted announcing a policy to free the slaves except: He wanted to encourage pro-Union sentiment in the South. A policy to free the slaves would have caused the border states to leave the Union. Northern public opinion was divided on the slave issue. * Lincoln believed that blacks would not make good citizens. Which one of the following would be unlikely to be said by a Copperhead? Our nation's welfare will be best served by an immediate armistice. "King Abraham" is a high-handed despot. * The black man deserves freedom. The Republicans are hurting American farmers. Which one of the following has the LEAST association with the others? Knights of the Golden Circle Clement Vallandigham Copperheads * Salmon Chase Which one of the following was MOST likely to serve as a substitute for a northern conscript in the war? * an Irish immigrant a black servant a journeyman printer a seaboard shopkeeper The use of women in the nursing profession met resistance largely because women were too physically weak for such work. * it was considered an "unseemly" profession for respectable women. women were not used to tending the sick. wounded soldiers resented them. All of the following were instrumental in organizing the profession of nursing except: * Harriet Beecher Stowe Dorthea Dix Mother Bickerdyke Clara Barton "Government girls" referred to women who were nurses in both Union and Confederate Armies. * workers in the Confederate bureaucracy. spies for the Confederacy. hired by both governments to harvest crops. Northern "Copperheads" were Democrats who supported the war. Republicans who supported the war. Republicans who favored a negotiated peace with the South. * Democrats who favored a negotiated peace with the South. The Civil War was believed by many, in both the North and in the South, to be pointless. a war to end all wars. * "A rich man's war, but a poor man's fight." all of the above. Lincoln won the election of 1864 because of the women's vote. support of Copperheads. support of Radical Republicans. * Union soldiers' vote. Sherman's march to Savannah was designed to make it easier for slaves from the deep South to escape. * isolate Robert E. Lee's army in Virginia from the rest of the South. send a message to the French in Mexico and the British on the high seas. obtain stored cotton for the industrial mills of the North. This percentage of Union soldiers voted for Lincoln rather than McClellan in the 1864 election: 55% 62% * 78% 93% Grant's war strategy could be summed up as * find your enemy and keep striking as hard as you can. the "King of Spades" power of trench warfare. massed cavalry and artillery attack. find as much political as military weakness in your enemy. The second Confederate draft was controversial because deserters were shot. * it included blacks. rich men were able to get out of serving more easily than before. mercenaries were hired from Latin America. Union troops capture Brownsville, Texas, in November of this year. 1861 1862 * 1863 1864 Which one of the following lists these events in correct order? (1) draft begun in the North (2) New York City riots (3) draft begun in the South (4) riots in Richmond 2, 1, 3, 4 4, 2, 3, 1 1, 3, 4, 2 * 3, 1, 4, 2 Ulysses S. Grant is made general-in-chief of Union forces in 1861. 1862. 1863. * 1864. In November of 1864, Lincoln is reelected president. The event that helps him is the September Emancipation Proclamation. * fall of Atlanta. fall of Vicksburg. Fort Pillow Massacre. The control of what waterway was pivotal to Union success in the Civil War? Ohio River Red River * Mississippi River Missouri River All of the following were true of the Peninsular Campaign except: The major prizes were Richmond and Washington, D.C. McClellan mostly managed a stalemate. * Lee managed to break through at Antietam. It dealt with the James Peninsula and north. Grant gained control of the Cumberland and Tennessee Rivers with the capture of * Forts Henry and Donelson. Pea Ridge and Glorieta Pass. Memphis and Vicksburg. Cairo and Shiloh. Cairo, Illinois, was a strategic point for Union troops because it was * located on the Mississippi and Ohio Rivers. in farm country where there was a great deal of food. the state Lincoln represented. the "Gibraltar of the Mississippi." What port did Admiral Farragut capture? Savannah Charleston Mobile * New Orleans All of the following were successes for the North's Anaconda Plan except: capture of the sea islands and coastal forts * the battles in northern Virginia Admiral Farragut's campaign up the Mississippi Grant's victories in Tennessee The war turns for the North with the victory in Gettysburg in Pennsylvania and Vicksburg in Louisiana. * Mississippi. Tennessee. Virginia. Lee struck boldly into these two states to bring the war north and hopefully gain French and British support in negotiating a peace: Tennessee and Kentucky West Virginia and Ohio * Pennsylvania and Maryland Delaware and Maryland Sherman's March to the Sea was from Atlanta to * Savannah. Charleston. New Orleans. Mobile. Sherman began marching north to meet Grant while Grant concentrated on closing in on Lee's last defensive positions in Chancellorsville and the Wilderness. Atlanta and Savannah. Manassas and Sharpsburg. * Petersburg and Richmond. Lee would finally surrender at Appomattox Court House in Pennsylvania. Virginia. * West Virginia. Georgia.