#11001  White Americans were newcomers to the multiracial trade of Natchez and the Natchez Trace. Which one of the following is NOT included in that earlier group?    	4	African Americans   	Choctaws and Chickasaws   	Spanish and FrenchAA   	Seminoles   	   	
#11002  Expansion of cotton production through the South drew farmers into the so-called "black-belt" primarily because     	1	since cotton growing depletes the soil so quickly new land was frequently needed.   	of liberal tariffs and regulations in the region.   	of lack of Indian resistance in the area.   	of easy access to ports and canals throughout the deep South.   	   	
#11003  Which one of the following is NOT a reason that their highly successful accommodation to white society failed to save the Cherokee from removal?    	3	white land hunger   	the ambiguity of literate and slave-owning "redskins"   	their support of the Creek War   	need of white Southerners to enforce a rigid system   	   	
#11004  Typical of the world of the southern yeoman farmer in the pre-Civil War period was    	1	a community network of barter and mutual assistance.   	isolation from the institution of slavery.   	self-imposed isolation from other farmers.   	large-scale commercial farming.   	   	
#11005  The yeoman class supported the planter class in its domination of politics in the South in large part because the    	2	yeoman class feared economic retribution if planters were defeated.   	yeoman class aspired to planter class status.   	yeoman class cared little about politics.   	lifestyle and interests of both were so similar.   	   	
#11006  The elite slaveholding population in the South exhibited a lifestyle that was modeled after the    	2	pre-Revolution French court.   	English aristocracy.   	New England merchant elite.   	Caribbean nabobs.   	   	
#11007  Under the paternalistic code by which slave owners claimed they conducted plantation life,    	1	slaves assumed the role of children.   	the master and his "helpmate" mistress shared equal authority.   	the owner had no obligation to treat his "children" fairly.   	slave owners expected their slaves to be rebellious.   	   	
#11008  Within the paternalistic plantation community, the plantation mistress    	4	ran and ruled her own household.   	expanded her world to include involvement in a variety of outside activities.   	spent little time on the plantation.   	faced a lonely life often isolated from friends and kin.   	   	
#11009  Which one of the following is NOT part of the maturing of the American slave system?    	2	Most northern states abolished it by 1820.   	There was a "slave drain" from the Lower South to the Upper South.   	Most slaves lived in groups of ten or more.   	Slavery increased in new frontier areas of the Southwest.   	   	
#11010  The most common slave experience in the American South by the mid-nineteenth century included    	2	residence in the Upper South.   	sharing plantation life with ten or more other slaves.   	field work in tobacco, sugar, and rice fields.   	a traumatic trip from Africa.   	   	
#11011  An examination of life expectancy rates in the South by 1850 indicates that    	4	there was no difference in life expectancy for whites and blacks in the South.   	it was not unusual for slave masters to work male field hands to death.   	slaves in the American South suffered less illness than expected because of adequate nutrition.   	the difficulties of slave life resulted in a shorter life expectancy than whites.   	   	
#11012  The most unpleasant aspect of the experience of slaves who worked as domestic servants in plantation households was the    	4	continual exposure to the temptations of freedom.   	lack of free time.   	tedium of inside work.   	constant supervision by whites.   	   	
#11013  What percentage of all slaves worked as field hands?    	4	50%   	25%   	95%   	75%   	   	
#11014  In contrast to a white married woman in the antebellum South, a slave wife    	1	faced less isolation due to active kinship networks.   	was expected to be submissive and dependent on her husband.   	could expect no medical care during childbirth.   	rarely had any real family life.   	   	
#11015  One of the most noteworthy features of the slave community in the American South was    	2	its acceptance of white paternalism within its own social structure.   	the expanded kinship network that developed within it.   	its refusal to incorporate Christian religious practices into its experiences.   	its animosity toward free African Americans.   	   	
#11016  Expressions of religion by the slave community    	4	held little importance in the slaves' everyday life.   	rejected Africanisms in favor of white Christian practices.   	incited slaves to overt rebellion.   	aided survival through small but meaningful protests.   	   	
#11017  Which of the following was most representative of a free African American in the antebellum South?    	1	a tenant farmer in Maryland   	a street peddler in Richmond   	a laundry worker in Mississippi   	a teacher in Tennessee   	   	
#11018  Free African Americans in the antebellum South    	3	were not allowed to remain there.   	generally owned property and lived a middle-class existence.   	represented a challenge to the slave system that made their lives precarious within white society.   	led the majority of slave insurrections that occurred in the South.   	   	
#11019  What was the significance of the Nat Turner rebellion?    	3	It was discovered before it spread throughout South Carolina.   	Most of its leaders were free blacks.   	His intelligence and organized plotting increased white southerners' fears.   	Turner evaded capture and traveled throughout the South and North preaching his message.   	   	
#11020  Who of the following has the LEAST in common with the other three?    	4	Gabriel Prosser   	Denmark Vesey   	Nat Turner   	Hinton Helper   	   	
#11021  After Nat Turner's revolt in 1831 Southern apologists for slavery linked slave uprisings to    	1	northern antislavery opinion.   	operation of the underground railroad.   	free blacks in the North and South.   	excessive restrictions on slaves.   	   	
#11022  Which of the following had the LEAST to do with the aggressive defense of slavery that developed in the South in the early 1830s?    	3	the appearance of The Liberator   	Virginia's slave revolt   	attempts to admit Texas to the union as a slave state   	British emancipation of slaves in the West Indies   	   	
#11023  Although debate was eventually stifled, which group of southern whites was the most likely to protest the slavery system?    	2	wives of wealthy plantation owners   	upcountry nonslaveholders   	religious leaders   	people with higher education   	   	
#11024  The Virginia legislature's debate on the merits of gradual emancipation of slaves and the publication of The Impending Crisis by North Carolina Hinton Helper indicated that    	1	there was some dissent in the South from the defense of slavery.   	most southerners recognized the need to loosen the restrictions on slaves to prevent rebellion.   	most southerners by that time accepted the inevitability of an end to the institution of slavery.   	few southerners recognized the threat of slave rebellion in the South.   	   	
#11025  Which of the following has the LEAST in common with the other three?    	3	George Fitzhugh   	James Henry Hammond   	Angelina Grimke   	John C. Calhoun   	   	
#11026  While slave owners dominated social and political life, two-thirds of southerners did not own slaves.    	1	True   	False   	   	   	   	
#11027  The largest group of slave owners in the South were yeoman farmers attempting to shift from subsistence to commercial agricultural production.    	1	True   	False   	   	   	   	
#11028  Since slavery was an agricultural phenomenon, southern urban centers did not experience the use of slave labor in urban occupations.    	2	True   	False   	   	   	   	
#11029  Slave masters generally encouraged marriage among their slaves because it lessened the chances for rebellion and produced more slaves.    	1	True   	False   	   	   	   	
#11030  Pro-slavery Southerners argued that northern industrial "wage slaves" lived under worse conditions than their slaves.    	1	True   	False 
#12001  Among the primary reasons that young farm women moved from the farm to work in textile mill towns in the early nineteenth century was to    	4	save their families from economic collapse.   	escape unhappy marriages.   	pursue career goals.   	escape farm life and earn wages.   	   	
#12002  Traditional eighteenth-century work habits included all of the following EXCEPT    	3	work in or near the home.   	a barter and mutual obligation system.   	fixed production work schedules.   	family apprenticeship system.   	   	
#12003  One would expect an apprentice in a city like Philadelphia in the preindustrial era to be all of the following EXCEPT    	4	treated as a part of the family of the master craftsman with whom he lived.   	at least 12-14 years old.   	bound to his master for 3-7 years.   	a wage earner while in training.   	   	
#12004  In the preindustrial urban household    	2	women and men alike trained for formal occupations.   	the father/spouse directed the work of the household.   	rigid work schedules meant that work took precedence over family and neighborhood activities.   	sons and daughters were trained as apprentices.   	   	
#12005  In the preindustrialized era, society expected single women to    	1	seek assistance from other family members.   	seek employment outside the household.   	receive formal vocational training.   	apprentice themselves informally to learn a skill.   	   	
#12006  Which of the following has the LEAST in common with the other three?    	4	lay-offs   	piecework   	putting-out system   	artisan tradition   	   	
#12007  In the shoemaking industry, under the putting-out system and a "rationalized" work environment    	2	shoemakers constructed an entire shoe working out of small workshops.   	several people participated in shoe construction in several stages.   	skilled craftsmen handled each stage of shoe construction.   	whole families became involved in shoemaking.   	   	
#12008  Among the consequences of introduction of the putting-out system were all of the following EXCEPT    	4	standard wages.   	workers' loss of independence.   	a cash economy.   	higher consumer prices.   	   	
#12009  The beginning of the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain was the result of    	1	technological inventions in the textile industry.   	the potato famine that forced farmers off their land to the cities.   	appearance of the budding trades in the city.   	the introduction of steam power.   	   	
#12010  Which of the following has the LEAST in common with the other three?    	4	Slater's Mill   	industrial espionage   	Moses Brown   	interchangeable parts   	   	
#12011  Typical of textile mills that developed across New England, the Lowell Mill in Massachusetts employed primarily    	2	male textile apprentices.   	women and children.   	master craftsmen and their sons.   	unemployed ship workers.   	   	
#12012  The putting out system and the end of the traditional apprenticeship system that followed had what impact on the master/worker relationship?    	4	The relationship between worker and owner improved.   	Employers devised formal agreements with workers to protect the interests of both.   	Few changes in the traditional relationship occurred until the late nineteenth century.   	The employer assumed less responsibility for the workers' welfare.   	   	
#12013  Mechanization eliminated many of women's home occupations but one new possibility in the 1820s was    	1	sewing.   	spinning.   	weaving   	clerical work.   	   	
#12014  Which one of the following was NOT an effect of the Market Revolution?    	2	spread of the cash economy   	closer connections between worker and factory owner   	higher worker turnover   	more wage dependent workers   	   	
#12015  Under the impact of industrialization, the proportion of wage laborers in the United States had risen from 12 percent in 1800 to this percent in 1860.    	2	25   	40   	50   	75   	   	
#12016  Under the impact of the Market Revolution, opportunities for change in social class were most likely to affect which one of the following?    	1	an urban shopkeeper   	a free black   	a southern planter   	a domestic servant   	   	
#12017  The new economic order that the Market Revolution created transformed the attitudes of the new "white collar" workers to include    	3	appreciation for working class Americans.   	autocratic dominance of the household.   	responsible, hard-working steadiness.   	high consumption of alcohol.   	   	
#12018  The religion that captured the attention of the new middle class in the early 1800s    	4	emphasized an intellectual as opposed to an emotional experience.   	convinced its converts that original sin doomed all but an elite to damnation.   	had its greatest impact on young males.   	incorporated an enthusiastic evangelistic approach to religious practice.   	   	
#12019  In the middle class industrial household, "home" became    	2	an extension of the workplace:   	a haven for leisure and relaxation.   	the site of numerous female home occupations.   	a school and church for children.   	   	
#12020  The unsettling demands of the new industrial order forced changes in middle class family life that resulted in    	3	a less cooperative relationship between husband and wife in making household decisions.   	less time for the traditional nurturing role for the wife/mother.   	few children in the average household.   	the broadening of the "woman's sphere" beyond the household.   	   	
#12021  In the new industrial era, middle-class mothers assumed all of the following roles EXCEPT    	2	moral guardian of the family.   	breadwinner.   	grooming advantageous social contacts.   	childrearing and nurturing.   	   	
#12022  Which one of the following was NOT part of the new middle class attitude?    	4	a feeling of responsibility and sobriety   	a religious feeling of individualism and self-discipline   	belief that success comes from hard work and steadiness   	identification with the spontaneity of the working class   	   	
#12023  Which one of the following has the LEAST to do with the religious revival of the 1820s?    	4	Charles G. Finney   	evangelism   	The Erie Canal   	original sin   	   	
#12024  What was the significance of Sarah Josepha Hale and Catherine Beecher to the new middle class?    	2	They wrote the most popular women's novels of the day.   	They provided household management guides for women.   	They spread the religious revival to businessmen.   	They championed family size limitations through birth control.   	   	
#12025  The drastic fall in birth rate during the nineteenth century went from an average of seven children per woman in 1800 to what number by 1900?    	2	5   	4   	3   	2   	   	
#12026  The putting-out system was a departure from pre-industrial methods of manufacturing in that workers assembled finished products in factories rather than at home.    	2	True   	False   	   	   	   	
#12027  The practice of mill owners hiring entire families was not unusual to farm and artisan families in the early Industrial Revolution.    	1	True   	False   	   	   	   	
#12028  Despite the limited public role that women assumed in American society in the early nineteenth century, they were among the first to lead protests and strikes against poor working conditions.    	1	True   	False   	   	   	   	
#12029  Under the impact of the Market Revolution, Americans increasingly lost hope that they could move from one social class to another.    	2	True   	False   	   	   	   	
#12030  The new relationship of compassionate marriage required more husband-wife cooperation than the old preindustrial patriarchal family.    	1	True   	False   	   	   	   	
#13001  The chief subject of discussion at the convention held in Seneca Falls, New York, in 1848 was    	4	revolutions abroad and their effect on the United States.   	prison reform.   	educational reform.   	women's rights.   	   	
#13002  The largest number of non-English immigrants who came to the United States in the immigration boom period before the Civil War came from    	2	Italy and France.   	Ireland and Germany.   	Mexico and Canada.   	Poland and Russia.   	   	
#13003  The major factor sending waves of Irish immigrants to the United States between 1845 and 1849 was    	1	the Irish Potato Famine.   	Parliament's passage of anti-Catholic legislation.   	the collapse of the Irish government.   	major flooding that destroyed Irish crops and livestock.   	   	
#13004  Irish immigrants who settled in Boston in the 1850s entered a community where they saw all of the following EXCEPT    	4	Catholic schools with Irish nuns and priests.   	Irish social clubs and mutual aid societies.   	Irish Democrats holding public office.   	signs recruiting and welcoming Irish laborers.   	   	
#13005  The typical German immigrant in the 1840s-18 60s was    	2	a political dissenter.   	a dislocated artisan or farmer.   	a school or college professor.   	an indentured servant.   	   	
#13006  Early nineteenth century cities generally exhibited which one of the following characteristics?    	1	public health problems   	extensive municipal services   	mass transit systems   	middle class population   	   	
#13007  Approximately 500,000 free African Americans resided in the United States by 1860, making up what percent of the total black population?    	4	less than one-half of one percent   	one percent   	three percent   	eleven percent   	   	
#13008  Among the occupations open to free black males in northern cities in the mid-nineteenth century was    	2	cigarmaker.   	seaman.   	rope maker.   	printer.   	   	
#13009  Political leaders in the mid-nineteenth century American city    	1	were middle-class professional politicians.   	were members of the wealthy elite.   	governed with a very personal style.   	had little interest in party politics.   	   	
#13010  The existence of the Workies in early nineteenth century America indicated that    	4	political parties had little interest in taking up working class causes.   	employers encouraged worker input on the job.   	working class leisure activities quickly appeared in the cities.   	urban workers represented a potentially influential political power.   	   	
#13011  Which of the following was NOT a result of German immigration to urban areas in North America in the early 1800s?    	3	Many German customs such as gymnasiums and candle-lit Christmas trees were adopted by the public at large.    	Germans immigrants formed enclaves of traditional culture in America where music, intellectual interests, and love of nature were emphasized.    	Public schools became less likely to offer vocational training, music programs, and kindergarten.   	The poverty and strangeness of the new immigrants caused difficult problems for urban policy-makers.   	   	
#13012  In 1860, what percent of the American population lived in cities?    	4	6   	about 9   	slightly less than 18   	almost 20   	   	
#13013  The political organization that became the center of the new mass politics in the mid-nineteenth-century American city was the    	2	city-wide "Workies" association.   	political machine.   	ethnic reform association.   	mutual aid society.   	   	
#13014  The agenda for reform in the 1820s and 1830s was set by    	1	the new middle class.   	the impoverished lower class.   	the wealthy elite.   	mutual aid associations.   	   	
#13015  Reformers in the 1820s and 1830s generally believed in all of the following EXCEPT    	2	the inadequacy of small-scale local responses to social problems.   	tolerance for the diverse cultural habits of Americans.   	the basic goodness of human nature.   	the usefulness of social control to eliminate unacceptable social behavior.   	   	
#13016  Educational reformers advocated an education system where    	3	male teachers served as role models for young men.   	a child's will was broken to shape him or her for a more godly life.   	public taxes supported a comprehensive public school system.   	all age groups were combined in an ungraded classroom.   	   	
#13017  The largest reform organization of the 1820s and 1830s was the    	4	General Union for Promoting the Observance of the Christian Sabbath.   	Female Moral Reform Society.   	National Education Association.   	American Temperance Society.   	   	
#13018  An important common denominator in the public education, temperance, antiprostitution, and asylum reform movements was    	2	working class leadership.   	female participation and leadership.   	leadership by evangelical ministers.   	southern support.   	   	
#13019  Which modern-day faith developed from the Millerite community?    	3	Shakers   	Mormons   	Seventh-Day Adventists   	Latter-day Saints   	   	
#13020  The most successful of the nineteenth-century communitarian movements was    	2	Brook Farm.   	the Mormon community.   	New Harmony.   	the Shaker community.   	   	
#13021  The "Burned-Over District" of New York State referred to    	2	areas where the remaining Indians continued to employ "slash-and-burn" agriculture.   	regions transformed by reform after the opening of the Erie Canal.   	neighborhoods in large cities where immigration led to unrest.   	cities that continued to employ volunteer fire departments when professional ones were required.   	   	
#13022  The Mormons had their beginnings in    	4	Utah.   	Missouri.   	Ohio.   	New York State.   	   	
#13023  In contrast to the antislavery sentiment expressed in the American Colonization Society, abolitionists like William Lloyd Garrison    	3	assumed a more compromising posture.   	refused to argue the slavery issue on moral grounds.   	demanded an immediate end to slavery.   	had confidence in the ability of the federal government to solve the problem of slavery.   	   	
#13024  Similar to evangelical preachers in the nineteenth century, northern abolitionists    	1	employed a confrontational and personal style.   	treated their opponents with Christian charity.   	opposed emotional responses to the frailties of the human condition.   	used the pulpit as the primary means of publicizing their message.   	   	
#13025  The immediate impact of the abolitionist movement on the South was to    	2	promote discussion on ending slavery.   	stifle expressions of dissenting opinion.   	force a loosening of restrictions on slaves.   	close post offices that received abolitionist literature.   	   	
#13026  Northern response to the early abolitionists indicated that    	1	the movement was controversial wherever it went.   	northerners were ready to go to war to end the institution of slavery.   	revivalistic tactics made it very popular.   	northerners detested southern culture.   	   	
#13027  Complicating the efforts of abolitionists was their    	3	lack of focus.   	animosity to working class northerners.   	disagreement on the status of free blacks.   	refusal to denounce slavery on economic terms.   	   	
#13028  The typical German immigrants who settled in the United States in the mid-nineteenth century had earned their livelihood as farmers or artisans in Germany, but had been dislocated by the effects of the new market forces of industrialization.    	1	True   	False   	   	   	   	
#13029  The General Trade Union and National Trade Union organized workers across gender, ethnic, and racial lines in an effort to present a unified front to employers in workplace disputes.    	2	True   	False   	   	   	   	
#13030  Local voluntary organizations were the first groups to respond to the problems caused by the Market Revolution.    	1	True   	False   	   	   	   	
#13031  Among the successes of the reform movements that were active in the 1820s and 1830s was a sharp decline in the amount of alcohol consumed per capita in the United States.    	1	True   	False   	   	   	   	
#13032  One of the most distinctive features of the abolitionist movement was its lack of black participants.    	2	True   	False   	   	   	   	
#13033  Most free African Americans supported the successful American Colonization Society.    	2	True   	False   	   	
#14001  The Texas uprising against Mexico was characterized by    	1	alliance between Americans and Tejanos.   	hostility between Irish and Spanish Catholics.   	American adventurers and soldiers of fortune.   	Mexican alliance with the Comanches against Americans.   	   	
#14002  American fur traders joined in a yearly trade fair in the Rockies characterized by the polyglot collection of many nationalities called the    	2	jumping-off place.   	rendezvous.   	rodeo.   	French Prairie.   	   	
#14003  Which one of the following was NOT one of the leaders of government-financed quasi-military expeditions from 1806 to 1869?    	2	Stephen Long   	John Slidell   	Zebulon Pike   	John C. Fremont   	   	
#14004  The term "manifest destiny" describes all of the following ideas EXCEPT:    	4	the idea that Americans had a God-given right to bring the benefits of American democracy to backward peoples.   	the concern for the economic future of the United States.    	the idea that the American frontier spirit made it inevitable that American culture would dominate the continent.   	the Southern idea that there would be a gradual inclusion of more slave states into the union, including the eventual legalization of slavery throughout the country.   	   	
#14005  In the early 1800s, in order to case the problem of white encroachment on Indian land, the United States government    	2	prohibited trade between white and Indian tribes in the Old Northwest.   	moved the Indians to "Indian Territory" on the eastern edge of the Great Plains.   	rerouted travel trails across the West.   	forcibly removed whites who had squatted on Indian land.   	   	
#14006  A pioneer taking the Oregon Trail could expect all of the following EXCEPT    	2	some dissension among wagon train members.   	little mutual support among the travelers.   	illness.   	lone travelers.   	   	
#14007  Major killers along any wagon trail route were    	4	rock slides and lack of water.   	smallpox and malaria.   	Indian attacks.   	disease and accidents.   	   	
#14008  When Americans began moving to Oregon in the 1830s, that territory was claimed by    	4	Russia and Great Britain.   	France and Russia.   	Germany and France.   	the United States and Great Britain.   	   	
#14009  Mexican settlements like the one at Nacogdoches in 1816 faced a hardscrabble life and the hostility of the    	3	American extranjeros in Santa Fe.   	Catholic priests who wanted to protect the Indians.   	Comanche Indians of the high plains.   	ricos versus pobres.   	   	
#14010  A traveler on the Santa Fe Trail who stopped at Bents Fort trading post entered a community    	3	populated largely by Americans.   	dominated by the commercial agricultural trade.   	with a multiethnic population.   	governed by Spanish officials.   	   	
#14011  Stephen F. Austin and his handpicked fellow colonists in Texas agreed to Mexican terms that they    	3	sever all ties with the United States.   	bring no slaves into Mexican territory.   	accept the Catholic faith.   	irrigate the land on which they settled.   	   	
#14012  Austin's colonists were predominately from what region of the United States?    	2	New England   	the South   	the Old Northwest   	the Pacific Northwest   	   	
#14013  The Bents represented what aspect of the frontier?    	1	inclusion through intermarriages   	hostility of missionaries to Indian ways   	wealthy whites increasing their social position by marriage   	exclusion through creating self-contained communities of married whites   	   	
#14014  American immigration to Texas after 1830 and the Mexican centrists' assumption of power in Mexico City in 1830 created a situation in Texas where    	1	anti-Mexican sentiments flourished.   	settlers regarded rebellious talk as treasonous.   	cultural sharing could thrive.   	Indian populations faced extinction.   	   	
#14015  The Tejano experience in Texas in the years following the successful Texas revolution demonstrated    	4	the possibilities for cultural cohabitation.   	the importance of industrial growth.   	the powerful influence of the Mexican government.   	the triumph of ethnocentrism.   	   	
#14016  The annexation of Texas became an explosive issue when    	2	Mexico reopened diplomatic relations with Texas.   	John C. Calhoun linked it to extension of slavery.   	Texas threatened to emancipate its slaves.   	a border dispute threatened war between Texas and Mexico.   	   	
#14017  James K Polk's platform in the 1844 presidential election placed him and the Democratic party clearly on the side of    	1	expansionism.   	anti-expansionism.   	cheap land policy.   	Indian removal.   	   	
#14018  During the Mexican War, northern Whigs began to characterize the war as    	3	an unwinnable conflict.   	a racist plot against a weaker nation.   	"Mr. Polk's War," and an unnecessary one.   	A Mexican scheme to drain the United States of its gold resources.   	   	
#14019  As commander-in-chief during the Mexican War, James K. Polk defined the role of the president by    	4	leaving planning and strategy to the military.   	drawing on his own military training to plan military strategy.   	visiting battle sites to keep morale high.   	coordinating both civilian and military goals and needs.   	   	
#14020  Newspaper publishers discovered during the Mexican War that    	2	readers were offended by sensationalist news.   	journalists' on-the-spot stories sold newspapers.   	the primary force shaping public understanding of the war throughout the conflict was politicians' opinions.   	the various American communities across the country varied too much for a nation-wide publicity venture.   	   	
#14021  In the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo the United States    	1	paid Mexico $15 million for lost territory.   	denied any responsibility for the $2 million American claims against Mexico.   	won Texas its independence.   	acquired the Gadsden territories in the Southwest.   	   	
#14022  Most early American immigrants to California made    	2	great efforts to ally with and intermarry with Californios.   	no effort to conform to Spanish ways or intermarry with Californios.   	major efforts to convert the Indians from Catholicism to Protestantism.   	use of Russian connections against the British.   	   	
#14023  In 1846 Congressman David Wilmot proposed that    	2	military appropriations to conduct the Mexican War be terminated.   	slavery be banned from any territory acquired from Mexico.   	the United States acquire Cuba from Spain.   	the United States incorporate all of Mexico into its borders.   	   	
#14024  In general, free-soilers who said they were antislavery, really meant they were    	1	anti black.   	anti expansion.   	pro annexation of Texas.   	pro abolitionist.   	   	
#14025  To justify their position on slavery, Free Soilers argued all of the following EXCEPT    	4	free labor in the West could not compete with slave labor.   	northern values of freedom and individualism could not survive if slavery spread.   	banning slavery from the territories meant keeping out blacks in general.   	the African foreign slave trade reduced the opportunity for fair competition.   	   	
#14026  By 1840 the majority of Americans lived west of the original thirteen states.    	1	True   	False   	   	   	   	
#14027  When James K. Polk asked Congress for a declaration of war against Mexico in 1846, Congress unanimously accepted the president's version of the border incident that provoked his war message.    	2	True   	False   	   	   	   	
#14028  The mining camps that appeared during the California gold rush quickly developed into long-term multiethnic communities that offered hard-working miners a haven of civilization.    	2	True   	False   	   	   	   	
#14029  Evangelical religion was connected to manifest destiny as many western missionaries tried to "civilize" the Indians through American examples.    	1	True   	False   	   	   	   	
#14030  In contrast to the Santa Fe and California Trails, risks along the Oregon Trail were minimal because the route followed a water supply its entire length.    	2	True   	False   	   	
#15001  Per capita income from 1800-50 in the United States    	3	decreased because so much new territory was added to the union.   	remained about the same.   	doubled.   	increased "tenfold".   	   	
#15002  The national two-party system that emerged by the mid-1830s to organize a mass democratic electorate endured until the election of _____, when sectional issues began to loosen the political glue.    	1	1848   	1844   	1852   	1856   	   	
#15003  John C. Calhoun argued the southern position against the Wilmot Proviso, contending that    	4	only the gradual emancipation of slaves taken to the West was acceptable to Southerners.   	residents of western territories should decide the issue of slavery themselves.   	slavery would not move west for geographical reasons.   	the Constitution protected Americans' right to take their property anywhere in the United States.   	   	
#15004  In arguments concerning the future of slavery in newly acquired territories in the West, both North and South agreed that    	2	protection of the slaves' best interests was their major concern.   	it was important for the nation to expand westward.   	there should always be an equal number of slave and free states represented in Congress.   	agricultural interests take precedence in political matters over all other sectors in the economy.   	   	
#15005  Ironically, northerners and Southerners basically agreed on certain things. Which one of the following is NOT one of them?    	4	expansion   	liberty   	American superiority   	ideology of labor   	   	
#15006  The Compromise of 1850 included all of the following agreements EXCEPT    	2	California's admission to the union as a free state.   	an end to slavery in Washington D.C.   	a tougher federal fugitive slave law.   	the settlement of a territory dispute between Texas and New Mexico.   	   	
#15007  The most immediate fatal flaw in the Compromise of 1850 was the    	2	admission of California to the union as a free state.   	passage of a tougher fugitive slave law.   	opening of the Mexican cession to popular sovereignty.   	assumption of Texas' pre-annexation debts.   	   	
#15008  Incidents involving Shadrach, Anthony Bums, and Thomas Sims demonstrated that    	4	the federal government had no desire to offend northern abolitionists.   	the federal government would not enforce the Fugitive Slave Act.   	compromise on the issue of slavery was not only possible but practical.   	the Fugitive Slave Act raised northern consciousness on the issue of slavery.   	   	
#15009  A popular and influential piece of abolitionist propaganda in the United States was    	2	Twelve Years a Slave   	Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl   	American Slavery As It Is   	Uncle Tom's Cabin   	   	
#15010  Had the Ostend Manifesto achieved its goal,    	3	the United States would have incorporated all of Mexico into its borders.   	the fugitive slave law would have been permanently subverted.   	the United States would have expanded into Cuba.   	Nicaragua would have become a colonization site for freed slaves.   	   	
#15011  Which of the following has the LEAST in common with the other three?    	2	Stephen Douglas   	Panic of 1857   	popular sovereignty   	Bleeding Kansas   	   	
#15012  Stephen Douglas presented the Kansas-Nebraska Bill for the IMMEDIATE purpose of    	3	solving the slavery issue once and for all.   	eliminating slavery from the two territories.   	presidential ambition and expansionist aims.   	refocusing political debate from slave to public land policy.   	   	
#15013  Stephen Douglas' action in introducing the Kansas-Nebraska bill in 1854 proved to be    	1	a great political miscalculation.   	a step closer to the presidency for him.   	a brilliant political move.   	an insignificant political act.   	   	
#15014  The appearance of the Know Nothing Party reflected Americans'    	2	tolerance for diversity.   	nativist leanings.   	acceptance of the Market Revolution.   	political apathy.   	   	
#15015  Which one of the following would have been LEAST likely to support the new Republican party?    	3	a Free Soldier from Massachusetts   	a New England industrialist   	an Irish immigrant in Boston   	a Whig from New York   	   	
#15016  The Republicans called their performance in the 1856 election a "victorious defeat" because    	4	they had won more popular votes than the Democrats in the presidential election.   	their congressional candidates had won overwhelmingly.   	their presidential candidate won but their congressional candidates were defeated.   	their showing in the presidential election proved that they were a major party.   	   	
#15017  When Kansas applied for statehood, President James Buchanan    	1	endorsed the proslavery constitution.   	refused to consider the request at that time.   	accepted the antislavery constitution.   	turned the contested matter over to the Supreme Court for resolution.   	   	
#15018  The Dred Scott decision in 1857    	2	calmed the fears of abolitionists.   	supported the extremist southern argument on the rights of slave owners.   	declared the Missouri Compromise constitutional.   	upheld the Free Soil position on extension of slavery into the newly acquired territories.   	   	
#15019  John Brown's purpose in seizing the federal arsenal at Harper's Ferry, Virginia was    	4	to protest the Dred Scott decision.   	to arm southern abolitionists in Virginia.   	to distract attention from fugitive slave hearings in Maryland.   	to spark a slave uprising in Virginia.   	   	
#15020  Which of the following has the LEAST in common with the other three?    	4	Stephen Douglas   	John C. Breckinridge   	John Bell   	John C. Fremont   	   	
#15021  Which one of the following candidates and positions in the 1860 election is incorrectly paired?    	2	Breckinridge/extension of slavery to the territories   	Lincoln/abolition of slavery   	Douglas/popular sovereignty   	Bell/compromise on slavery in the territories   	   	
#15022  The Republican party nominated Abraham Lincoln for the presidency in 1860 because    	4	of his principled abolitionism   	he had open support from voters in the Upper South   	he was a charismatic figure   	of his moderate image   	   	
#15023  The only southern state to pass a unanimous vote for secession was    	2	Texas.   	South Carolina.   	Alabama.   	Mississippi.   	   	
#15024  The Montgomery Convention of the Confederate States of America chose Jefferson Davis as president and Alexander Stephens as vice-president because they both were    	3	military men.   	fiery secessionists from the beginning.   	moderates on secession.   	Democrats.   	   	
#15025  In his inaugural address on March 4, 1861, Abraham Lincoln ended with    	4	an ultimatum that threatened military action if the seceded states did not return to the Union.   	an appeal to northern Democrats to return their southern brothers to the union fold.   	a call for European support to encourage the seceded states to return to the union.   	an eloquent statement reminding the two sections of the bonds between them.   	   	
#15026  The Kansas-Nebraska Act passed, but at the high price of destroying the Whig party and seriously damaging the Democratic party.    	1	True   	False   	   	   	   	
#15027  Most supporters of the Know Nothing parry were workers or small farmers who feared economic competition from immigrants.    	1	True   	False   	   	   	   	
#15028  In the seven debates that Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas participated in during the 1858 Illinois Senate race, the two candidates focused solely on the issue of slavery and the union's future.    	1	True   	False   	   	   	   	
#15029  The founders of the Confederate States of America modeled their constitution in large part after the United States Constitution.    	1	True   	False   	   	   	   	
#15030  On the issue of secession, Confederate President Jefferson Davis would fit into the category of a radical supporter of secession.    	2	True   	False