HST202 - Midterm Exam #2

1.	The chief purpose of the Northern blockade during the Civil War was to prevent 
	A.	English volunteers from reaching the South   
	B.	Confederate officials from escaping to Europe   
	C.	the South from exporting cotton   
	D.	the French navy from aiding the South   
	E.	none of the above

2.	The purpose of the Black Codes was to 
	A.	aid the carpetbaggers   
	B.	grant suffrage to Negroes   
	C.	prevent exploitation of freedmen   
	D.	restrict the civil rights of Negroes   
	E.	aide in the passing of the 13th Amendment

3.	What single event in 1865 was actually a blessing for the Northern Radical Republicans and caused misfortune for the Southern people.
	A.	the assassination of Lincoln   
	B.	the First Battle of Bull Run   
	C.	the re-election of Lincoln in 1864   
	D.	the ascendancy of Vice President Johnson to the Presidency   
	E.	none of the above

4.	In 1863, which battle gained control of the upper Mississippi River for the Union?
	A.	Lookout Mountain  
	B.	Vicksburg   
	C.	Manassas   
	D.	Chancellorsville   
	E.	Antietam

5.	White Southerners who supported the North and Radical Republicans were called
	A.	doe faced   
	B.	carpetbaggers   
	C.	fire eaters   
	D.	scalawags   
	E.	white trash

6.	What theoretical problem plagued the Confederacy throughout the war?
	A.	states rights were deemed more important than the powers of the central government   
	B.	the Union blockade was so effective that the South basically ran out of food and supplies to continue to fight the war   
	C.	they were successful in gaining foreign recognition but could not convince them to send aid   
	D.	the capitol had been moved from Montgomery to Richmond 
	E.	Alexander H. Stephens tried to overthrow Jefferson Davis as President


7.	Congress passed the Tenure of Office Act in order to prevent President Johnson from
	A.	serving more than two terms   
	B.	hiring more cabinet members   
	C.	firing his cabinet members without Congressional approval 
	D.	allowing ex-Confederates from serving in government positions   
	E.	allowing excluding Negro vote in the newly elected Southern legislatures

8.	An important objective of Congressional reconstruction was to 
	A.	destroy the economy of the South   
	B.	maintain Republican domination of the national government   
	C.	restore pre-Civil War conditions in the South   
	D.	pardon Southern leaders for Civil War activities   
	E.	allow for the quick reinstatement of former Confederate states

9.	Why did many Northerners opposed the fighting of the Civil War in its first 2 years?
	A.	Early Union defeats led to pessimism   
	B.	The North did not seem to have a cause to rally behind   
	C.	Not all Northerners were concerned with helping the black slaves   
	D.	all of the above are reasons
	E.	none of the above are reasons

10.	What political event occurred simultaneously with Sherman's capture of Atlanta?
	A.	Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation   
	B.	The Gettysburg Address was enacted   
	C.	Grant captured Vicksburg   
	D.	The Republican Party nominee was re-elected to the presidency in 1864    
	E.	Stonewall Jackson died at Chancellorsville

11.	Which is NOT a result of the Civil War and Reconstruction?
	A.	the formation of the "Solid South"   
	B.	the passage of the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments   
	C.	increased racism   
	D.	long term Republican control of the government   
	E.	all of the above were results

12.	Reconstruction began as the Civil War ended.  What signaled the end of Reconstruction?
	A.	withdrawal of Northern occupation forces   
	B.	the Democratic victory in the Election of 1876   
	C.	President Grant's call for an end to hostilities    
	D.	the Southern acceptance of the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments   
	E.	Samuel Tilden's election victory over Grant in 1872

13.	Who assassinated Lincoln in Fords Theater on April 14, 1865 and who became President as a result?
	A.	John Wilkes Booth/Ulysses Grant   
	B.	Major Rathbone/Secretary of War Stanton   
	C.	John Wilkes Booth/Secretary of War Stanton   
	D.	John Wilkes Booth/Andrew Johnson   
	E.	John Wilkes Booth/William Seward
14.	The chief reason why the English commercial class supported the Confederacy instead of the North in the Civil War was that the South
	A.	was fighting for the preservation of its social structure   
	B.	was more likely to win the war   
	C.	was more likely to repay debts to British citizens   
	D.	was more likely to provide favorable tariff conditions for British goods   
	E.	opposed Seward's relations with Russia

15.	What battle was considered enough of a Union "victory" that enabled Lincoln to issue his Emancipation Proclamation?
	A.	Gettysburg   
	B.	Shiloh   
	C.	Vicksburg   
	D.	Antietam   
	E.	Manassas

16.	How did whites regain control of Southern legislatures?
	A.	Southern whites formed the Ku Klux Klan   
	B.	Whites sought legitimacy through increased voter turnout   
	C.	Northern interest in helping the Negroes waned   
	D.	Southern leaders used the race card to pit poor whites against blacks   
	E.	all of the above

17.	What very important opportunity was lost by the South after the First Battle of  Bull Run?
	A.	McClellan did not follow up his victory by pursuing and attacking the South   
	B.	To deliver an early "knockout blow" to the North and gain control of the capitol Washington D.C.
	C.	A victory here would have definitely gained them foreign recognition   
	D.	Grant would have been defeated and never appointed as Lieutenant General   
	E.	all of the above

18.	Which advantage did the North LACK in fighting the Civil War?
	A.	large population   
	B.	more industry   
	C.	western farms and food   
	D.	better transportation systems, such as the railroad   
	E.	strong military tradition

19.	During Reconstruction, which branch of the national government attempted to achieve supremacy over another?
	A.	judicial over legislative   
	B.	executive over judicial   
	C.	legislative over executive   
	D.	executive over legislative   
	E.	none of the above


20.	Which statement is true about the Emancipation Proclamation?
	A.	all Negro slaves were freed   
	B.	only slaves in areas of rebellion against the Union were freed   
	C.	it was easily enforced   
	D.	it applied to all minorities in the United States   
	E.	it gave civil rights to all black males in the United States

21.	Which were NOT Confederate States (states that seceeded)?
	A.	Kentucky and Maryland   
	B.	Tennessee and Alabama   
	C.	Florida and Texas   
	D.	Arkansas and Virginia   
	E.	Georgia and North Carolina

22.	Who joined Charles Sumner, who led the Radical Republicans in the Senate, by leading the Radical Republicans in the House of Representatives?
	A.	William Seward   
	B.	Stephen Douglas   
	C.	Thaddeus Stevens   
	D.	Jefferson Davis   
	E.	Clement Vallandingham

23.	President Lincoln's plan for reconstruction was based on the theory that the Confederate States
	A.	were to be treated as territories   
	B.	could be re-admitted to the Union by Congress only   
	C.	had never actually left the Union   
	D.	were to be occupied by Union forces for a period of 20 years   
	E.	were a separate nation to be dealt with harshly 

24.	Lincoln was cautious about sending supplies to Fort Sumter because
	A.	the North's navy was ineffective   
	B.	he wanted to avoid alienating the yet undecided (as to the secession issue) border states   
	C.	he did not believe the location of the fort was crucial to the Union cause   
	D.	like Buchanon, he didn't believe he had the power to force the South to remain with the Union
	E.	South Carolina had historically been the friendliest southern state to the Union

25.	Which battle (and place where the terms of peace were signed) marked the end of the Civil War?
	A.	Shiloh   
	B.	Vicksburg   
	C.	Gettysburg   
	D.	Atlanta   
	E.	none of the above

26.	What was the significance of Sherman's March to the Sea in late 1864-5?
	A.	its purpose was to crush the will of the South   
	B.	the North wanted to punish the fire eaters of Georgia   
	C.	its purpose was to crush the will of the North   
	D.	it gained the Mississippi River for the Union   
	E.	it helped Lincoln to be reelected as President
27.	Lincoln's statement "with malice toward none and charity to all", his desire to quickly forgive and reconstruct the South, was issued in which speech?
	A.	Emancipation Proclamation in 1863   
	B.	Second Innaugural Address in 1865   
	C.	Cooper's Institute Address   
	D.	Gettysburg Address   
	E.	First Innaugural Address in 1861

28.	Militarily speaking, how can the first two years of the War Between The States be categorized?
	A.	a stalemate or draw   
	B.	exciting and decisive   
	C.	Confederacy suffered defeat   
	D.	an overwhelming landslide for the Union   
	E.	none of the above

29.	Which statement is NOT true as to why Lincoln decided to abolish slavery?
	A.	he wanted to take revenge on the South   
	B.	he wanted to satisfy the Radical Republicans   
	C.	he wanted to forestall England from recognizing the South as a separate nation   
	D.	he had always been antislavery in belief   
	E.	he wanted to raise morale and give the Union Army a moral cause, a crusade to fight for

30.	Which was NOT a strength of the South in the Civil War?
	A.	They were fighting a defensive war on their own soil   
	B.	They had a strong military tradition and better generals   
	C.	They rallied behind the cause of preserving their way of life   
	D.	They had many good seaports and harbors which added to the ease of smuggling   
	E.	Their economy relied almost entirely on the cotton crop

31.	Which was NOT an aspect of Lincoln's plan for the reconstruction of the South?
	A.	southern states never seceded because they didn't have the legal power to do so   
	B.	he wanted a lenient reconstruction to gain the loyalty of the South   
	C.	the rebellion had been the work of individuals, not the South as a whole   
	D.	the executive branch should control reconstruction because it could pardon acts against the 		government   
	E.	all of the above ARE aspects of Lincoln's plan

32.	What Northern general was most associated with the term "Total War"?
	A.  Hooker   		B.  Meade		C.  Jackson		D.  Sherman 		E.  McClellan

33.	The purpose to the Freedman's Bureau was to
	A.	gain the vote for the freed slave
	B.	provide 40 acres and a mule for each slave
	C.	get radical Republicans in positions of power in the South
	D.	feed, adjust, and educate the former slaves
	E.	work against the Black Codes

	
	All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the states wherein they reside.  No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction.

34.	The above quotation is a key clause in the
	A.	Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution
	B.	Black Code of South Carolina
	C.	Fifteenth Amendment to the Constitution
	D.	Gettysburg Address
	E.	Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution

 
There once was a copperhead vile, who attempted to damage a file
So he tried it in truth, and soon broke every tooth
On that rusty and crusty Old File
 
35.	Which political party is represented by the copperhead snakes in the cartoons above, and who was their leader who was banished to the South during the Civil War by President Lincoln? 
	A.	Democrat/Stephen Douglass
	B.	Republican/William Seward
	C.	Democrat/Clement Vallandingham
	D.	Union/Andrew Johnson
	E.	Democrat/George B. McClellan
36.	After the Civil War, which was a troublesome concern of the government which caused great dissension?
	A.	the conditions for the readmission of Southern states to the Union
	B.	which branch of the federal government would be in charge of reconstruction
	C.	what political, economic, and social rights should the freed Negro slaves be granted.
	D.	all of the above
	E.	none of the above

37.	Sharecropping in the post-Civil War South meant that
	A.	Southern planters exchanged crops for Northern manufactured goods
	B.	more than one crop shared the land on a plantation
	C.	former slaves formed cooperatives to share the costs of buying farms
	D.	impoverished planters and former slaves supplied each other's need for land and labor
	E.	money borrowed would be paid back after the crop was harvested

38.	The Ku Klux Klan
	A.	was an organization dedicated to non-violent action
	B.	was created to promote the sale of sheets and party hats
	C.	was an organization dedicated to maintaining the status quo in the South
	D.	originally began as a Halloween prank in Alabama
	E.	prides itself with the modern day interpretation on Saturday Nite Live's "The Coneheads" sketch
 


39.	On the map the Confederate States of America are those included in the area numbered
	A.	1 & 4
	B.	1 & 3
	C.  	1, 2, & 3
	D.	2 & 3
	E.  	none of the above

40.	The so-called border states at the time of the outbreak of the Civil War were those
	A. 	states bordering the Atlantic
	B.	states which might have but did not join the Confederacy
	C.  	newly admitted states along the Mississippi River
	D.	states bordering Canada that Confederate sympathizers could raid from Canada
	E.	states which bordered Mexico

41.	Which of the following gave blacks the right to vote?
	A.	14th Amendment
	B.	15th Amendment
	C.	13th Amendment
	D.	Declaration of Independence
	E.	Emancipation Proclamation

42.	In 1865 Southern
	A.	whites quickly admitted they had been wrong in trying to secede and win southern independence.
	B.	whites rapidly emancipated their slaves.
	C.	blacks uniformly turned in anger and revenge against their former masters.
	D.	blacks often began traveling to test their freedom, search for family members, and seek economic 		opportunity.
	E.	political leaders were immediately reelected to Congress and were welcomed by their northern 		counterparts

43.	That the Southern states were "conquered provinces"' and therefore, at the mercy of Congress for readmission to the Union was the view of
	A.	War Democrats.
	B.	congressional Republicans.
	C.	President Lincoln.
	D.	President Johnson.
	E.	President Grant

44.	President Johnson's plan for Reconstruction
	A.	was radically different from Lincoln's.
	B.	guaranteed former slaves the right to vote.
	C.	required that all former Confederate states ratify the Fourteenth Amendment.
	D.	was accepted by Congressional Republicans	
	E.	included provisions of the Wade-Davis Bill

45.	In the 1866 congressional elections,
	A.	President Johnson conducted a highly successful 'swing around the circle" campaign tour.
	B.	radicals replaced moderates as the dominant faction in Congress.
	C.	voters endorsed the congressional approach to Reconstruction.
	D.	Republicans lost their majority control of Congress.
	E.	violent demonstrations by blacks demanding their rights occured throughout the South


46.	Congress's impeachment of President Johnson and attempt to remove him from office was directly precipitated by his
	A.	highly partisan ''swing around the circle'' in 1866.
	B.	readmission of Southern states under his policies in 1866.
	C.	dismissal of Secretary of War Stanton in 1867.
	D.	advice to Southern states not to ratify the Fourteenth Amendment
	E.	veto of the Civil Rights Act and extension of the Freedmen's Bureau

47.	In 1867 Secretary of State Seward accomplished an enduring success in foreign relations for the Johnson administration when he
	A.	commissioned the building of an all new ironclad navy.
	B.	recognized the independent republic of Hawaii.
	C.	purchased Alaska from Russia
	D.	called for American aid to republican rebels in Cuba
	E.	settled the Alabama claims for the Union

48.	In the late nineteenth century, those political candidates who campaigned by "waving the bloody shirt" were reminding voters
	A.	of the "treason"  of the Confederate Democrats during the Civil War.
	B.	that the Civil War had been caused by the election of a Republican president.
	C.	of the graft-filled "radical" regimes in the Reconstruction South.
	D.	of the catering to freed slaves by radical Republicans during Reconstruction
	E.	of the lynching of freemen during the period of Reconstructions

49.	The Compromise of 1877 resulted in
	A.	a renewal of the Republican commitment to protect the civil rights of blacks in the South.
	B.	the withdrawal of federal troops from the South.
	C.	the election of a Democrat to the presidency
	D.	passage of the Bland-Allison Silver Purchase Act
	E.	the appointment of at least one northern Democrat to the cabinet

50. 	The event that touched off the process of secession for the majority of southern states was
	A.	John Brown's raid
	B.	anti-union riots in Baltimore
	C.	the bombardment of Ft. Sumter
	D.	the election of Lincoln to the presidency
	E.	Buchanon's policies against slavery

51. 	The Crittenden Compromise contained all of the following provisions EXCEPT
	A.	the preservation of slavery in Washington
	B.	a constitutional amendment to guarantee the continued existence of slavery in the current slave 		states
	C.	the repeal of fugitive slave laws
	D.	the reestablishment of the Missouri Compromise line
	E.	reasurrences to the South that slavery would be protected


52. 	In the Civil War, the largest source of revenue for the U.S. government was
	A.	borrowing
	B.	collecting taxes
	C.	printing paper money
	D.	confiscating rebel property
	E.	greenbacks

53. 	President Lincoln responded to opposition to the war effort by
	A.	ordering suspension of civil liberties in a few extreme cases
	B.	upholding the Bill of Rights in all cases
	C.	prohibiting election activities of the opposition party
	D.	engaging in widespread suspension of civil liberties
	E.	appeasing the Copperheads by meeting their demands for peace

54. 	Charles Sumner, Benjamin Wade, and Thaddeus Stevens were
	A.	copperheads
	B.	war Democrats
	C.	Lincoln Republicans
	D.	radical Republicans
	E.	fire eaters

55. 	The Confederacy financed its war effort primarily by
	A.	borrowing
	B.	collecting taxes
	C.	printing paper money
	D.	confiscating Union property
	E.	obtaining loans from Europe

56.	Sea power played an especially important role in the Civil War in the form of the
	A.	the Trent Affair
	B.	Union blockade of the Confederate coast
	C.	Confederate raids on northern shipping
	D.	transportation of rebel troops and supplies on steamboats
	E.	ironclad ships that appeared during the war.

57. 	During the American Civil War, Great Britain adopted the policy of
	A.	direct involvement on the part of the Confederacy
	B.	extending full diplomatic recognition to the Confederacy
	C.	cooperating fully with the U.S. government
	D.	staying completely out of the conflict
	E.	permitting limited aid to the Confederates, but refraining from outright intervention.

58. 	The first major Southern city captured by Union forces was
	A.	Chattanooga
	B.	Richmond
	C.	Atlanta
	D.	Gettysburg
	E.	New Orleans.
59. 	The Battle of Antietam was
	A.	the bloodiest single day's fighting of the war
	B.	a tactical Union victory, but not fatal to General Lees' Army of Northern Virginia
	C.	a further cause of  Lincoln's unhappiness with the leadership of General George B. McClellan.
	D.	a reason Britain opted not to join the Confederacy
	E.	all of these answers

 

60.	According to information presented in the previous table, all but which of the following would appear true concerning United States exports?
	A.	Export of leaf tobacco was not affected by the Civil War the way the export of cotton was
	B.	The export of wheat grew rapidly during and after the Civil War
	C.	The total value of U.S. exports rapidly recovered from the setback and disruption of the Civil War
	D.	Except for the period of the Civil War, cotton has accounted for 50% of total U.S. exports
	E.	The total value of selected exports from the U.S. increased at a steady rate from 1850-1870.

61.	Reconstruction of the South after the Civil War was viewed by the victorious northerners as
	A.	a way to reunited themselves with their southern "brothers"
	B.	a means by which the industrial capacity of the South could be rebuilt
	C.	the best means by which former slaves could be given positions of power in the South
	D.	the only way the South could be prevented from restoring their pre-Civil War society
	E.	a necessary evil, to be done away with as soon as possible

62.	When the Confederate armies surrendered,
	A.	It was only after the Confederate government requested terms of peace
	B.	Lincoln would allow no formal peace treaty to be signed between the Confederate and federal 		governments
	C.	a peace treaty was signed between the North and the South officially ending the hostilities
	D.	each seceding state had to sign a separate peace treaty with the federal government
	E.	only those seceding states that were still at war with the United States in 1865 had to sign a 		peace treaty.
63.	The Amendment to the Constitution of the United States that formally ended the practice of slavery was the
	A.	Twelfth
	B.	Thirteenth
	C.	Fourteenth
	D.	Fifteenth.
	E.	Sixteenth

64.	Radical Republicans in Congress believed that reconstructing the South should include all of the following measures  EXCEPT
	A.	the repudiation of Confederate state debts
	B.	the punishment of civil and military leaders of the Confederacy
	C.	the disenfranchisement of large numbers of Southern whites
	D.	the refusal to allow Southern states to rejoin the Union
	E.	the protection of the legal rights of blacks.

65.	Before the end of the Civil War, the Reconstruction plan advanced by Congress in opposition to Lincoln's "Ten Percent Plan" was the
	A.	Sumner Act of 1864
	B.	Wade-Davis Bill
	C.	Compromise of 1864
	D.	Military Reconstruction Act.
	E.	The Tenure of Office Act

66.	Black freedmen attempted to exercise their rights by all of the following methods  EXCEPT
	A.	voting in elections
	B.	participating in politics
	C.	organizing their own religious groups
	D.	striving to obtain an education
	E.	advocating their colonization in Africa.

67.	The most positive accomplishment of Reconstruction in the South was
	A.	the successful solution of the "race" issue
	B.	an improvement in public education
	C.	the elimination of corruption in state governments
	D.	securing civil rights for blacks
	E.	eliminating the power of the Southern elite.

68.	The crop-lien system that developed in the South during Reconstruction
	A.	unified poor southern blacks and whites
	B.	contributed to the decline of Southern agriculture
	C.	provided necessary credit for farmers at low interest rates
	D.	increased the diversity of Southern crops
	E.	made it easier for small farmers to acquire land.


69.	The Credit Mobilier scandal involved
	A.	direct bribes by France to President Grant
	B.	fraudulent construction contracts for the Union Pacific Railroad
	C.	illegal tax stamps for whiskey distillers
	D.	bribery by employees of the Indian Bureau to retain their jobs
	E.	favorable interest rates for land speculators.

70.	The Panic of 1873 can be described as
	A.	finally ending with the recall of all greenbacks from circulation
	B.	the worst depression that the U.S. had experienced up until that time
	C.	affecting the South more than other sections of the country
	D.	lasting for eight years.
	E.	stock market crash based on speculation in over-inflated Confederate currency

71.	During the Civil War. which action posed the greatest threat to civil liberties?
	A.	seizure of Mason and Slidell from the Trent
	B.  	suspension of the writ of habeas corpus by President Lincoln
	C.	use of conscription to secure men for the armed forces
	D.	nomination of General McClellan for the Presidency
	E.	race riots in New York

72.	England did not recognize the Confederacy during the Civil War because
	A.	England needed Northern wheat
	B.	England never had much trade with the South
	C.	England needed Northern manufactures
	D.	Russia favored the South
	E.	Irish immigrants were fighting for the Union Army

73.	Which dispute involved the United States and France?
	A.  	Florida boundary dispute
	B.	Alabama claims
	C.	Trent Affair
	D.	Maximilian Affair
	E.	Seward's Folly

74.	Our demand that French forces be removed from Mexico after the Civil War is an example of our enforcement of
	A.	the federal Constitution
	B.	the Monroe Doctrine
	C.	Washington's Proclamation of Neutrality
	D.	Clay's American System
	E.	the Union Naval blockade

75.	Which was NOT one of the main "theaters" of the Civil War discussed in this course?
	A.	Mississippi Valley
	B.	Virginia and the East
	C.	Naval blockade
	D.	Diplomacy and domestic issues
	E.	All of these answers were theaters