All of the following were results of the African slave trade except:     
 * African interior kingdoms grew stronger.    
 The population of Africa went into decline.    
 The West African economy stagnated.    
 Cultural demoralization developed.    
    

Which of the following instruments was outlawed by southern white authorities?     
 guitar    
 * drum    
 banjo    
 trombone    
    

What stimulated the development of a diverse economy in Louisiana?     
 large-scale immigration    
 * the defeat of the Natchez    
 the introduction of African slavery    
 the founding of the French Company of the Indies    
    

African American musical forms were characterized by     
 * rhythmic complexity.    
 minimal improvisation.    
 a slow, pulsating beat.    
 reed instruments.    
    

Thomas Jefferson's beliefs about salves and slavery were that     
 slaves were equal in every respect to whites.    
 there were relatively few reasons for a division between whites and blacks.    
 * white prejudice and black bitterness would maintain racial divisions.    
 freedom for slaves was the immediate answer to the racial problem.    
    

The conditions for emergence of African American communities and cultures were most favorable     
 * on large plantations.    
 in port cities.    
 on small farms.    
 in frontier areas.    
    

For what purpose were the East India, Hudson's Bay and Royal African companies founded?     
 to stimulate competition for trade goods    
 to eliminate colonial trade    
 * to establish regional trading monopolies    
 to found new colonies    
    

All of the following were true of the Middle Passage except:     
 * Slaves were treated well to get a higher price.    
 Africans were forced to do a bizarre routine of daily aerobic exercises.    
 Holds were usually unsanitary and had a sickening stench.    
 An estimated one in every six Africans perished.    
    

The Navigation Acts passed between 1660 and 1696     
 opened trade within the British empire to any nation.    
 encouraged colonial manufacturing.    
 consolidated the English colonies into one centralized trading unit.    
 * defined the role colonies would play within the British empire.    
    

North of the Chesapeake, slaves and free blacks were least likely to be found in     
 cattle raising.    
 * fishing fleets.    
 port cities.    
 dairy operations.    
    

All of the following were reasons why slavery replaced the indentured servant system in British America by 1700 except:     
 a decline in African American mortality rates    
 fear of rebellion from former indentured servants    
 cultivation of crops such as tobacco    
 * less immigration from Europe    
    

King George's War took place between     
 1662-1670.    
 1702-1713.    
 * 1740-1748.    
 1752-1770.    
    

The Spanish turned to the use of Africans for labor on New World plantations because     
 * native populations had declined so rapidly.    
 labor-intensive rice production increased.    
 Africans resisted less than natives.    
 they needed the native population's assistance in their search for gold and silver.    
    

During the course of what was known as "the scramble,"     
 enslaved Africans were forced to run to places on the slave ships.    
 slavers branded the Africans on board ship.    
 auctioneers increased buyers' bids on slaves.    
 * buyers picked slaves for purchase out of a corral.    
    

In the eighteenth century, what were the top three North American crops?     
 indigo, sugar, rice    
 tobacco, rice, sugar    
 sugar, indigo, wheat    
 * rice, wheat, tobacco    
    

What was one of the most important developments in African American culture during the eighteenth century?     
 * the invention of an African American creole language    
 the creation of an African American church    
 the rise of maroon communities in Georgia    
 the development of an African American cuisine    
    

All of the following were areas of Africa from which most enslaved people came except:     
 West Africa     
 Lower Niger River    
 Congo and Angola     
 * South Africa    
    

In the first half of the eighteenth century, colonists complained little about the mercantilist system because     
 the colonial legislatures paid the salaries of enforcement officers.    
 * the colonists benefited from it.    
 it did not apply to the colonists.    
 there was little interest in manufacturing in the colonies.    
    

Eighteenth-century slave masters were reluctant to allow their slaves to become Christians because they     
 believed slaves could not understand Christian teachings.    
 feared the effects of Christian teachings on violence.    
 did not want to see Christianity influenced by African religions.    
 * feared Christianity would give the slaves dangerous ideas about freedom and equality.    
    

Locations such as Barbados, Jamaica, and Haiti illustrate the commercial connection between slavery and     
 tobacco.    
 cotton.    
 * sugar.    
 rice.    
    

Where did the largest slave revolt of the colonial period occur?     
 New York City, NY    
 Newport, RI    
 Philadelphia, PA    
 * Stono, SC    
    

Most Africans were enslaved      
 by white kidnappers who invaded African territory.    
 * by cooperation between European and African traders.    
 for committing criminal offenses against the tribe.    
 for violating religious taboos.    
    

In an effort to restrict the colonists' opportunities to compete economically with the mother country, England enacted all of the following except:     
 * colonial banking system    
 prohibition on colonial coinage    
 restriction against colonial tariffs on British imported goods    
 limitation on colonial manufacturing    
    

What was the most profitable activity of the early Carolina economy?     
 the growing of rice    
 * the Indian slave trade    
 the export of indigo and tobacco    
 the importation and sale of slaves from the Caribbean    
    

In 1752, this new colony became part of the low-country slave system:     
 Alabama    
 Florida    
 Louisiana     
 * Georgia    
    

All of the following were common within the eighteenth-century slave community in the colonial South except:     
 * adopting European names    
 strong kinship networks    
 relatively stable families    
 nuclear family ideals    
    

What were barracoons?     
 * the open pens where captured Africans were kept awaiting transport to America     
 the group of captured Africans traveling to the coast    
 the name for African slave raiders    
 the brands placed on African slaves    
    

What was the first colonial war of the Eighteenth century?      
 King George's War    
 War of Jenkin's Ear    
 * Queen Anne's War    
 War of Austrian Succession    
    

Which one of the following is the CORRECT order of these events in the Virginia colony? (1)	interracial sexual contact prohibited (2)	first Africans arrive (3)	Slave Code established (4)	slavery made hereditary     
 2, 4, 1, 3     
 * 2, 1, 3, 4    
 2, 3, 1, 4    
 2, 1, 4, 3    
    

All of the following were trade items that went from the New World to Europe as part of the triangle trade except:     
 sugar and tobacco    
 raw materials    
 gold and silver     
 * manufactured goods    
    

The African American song "Buddy Quoq" illustrates the      
 refitting of religion to New World circumstances.    
 need for fictive kinship in their culture.    
 honors of the middle passage.    
 * powerful awareness of their oppression.    
    

In the mid-eighteenth century Chesapeake region,      
 there were no free mulattoes.    
 interracial intimacy was encouraged.    
 free mulattoes were given the rights of all free individuals.    
 * the children of European women and African men were given freedom.    
    

In slave culture, the African influence in religion was especially evident in     
 baptism ceremonies.    
 birthing customs.    
 mixing into Christian religion.    
 * death and burial rituals.    
    

Both of these events occur in 1739:     
 Peace of Utrecht and The Molasses Act    
 Georgia and South Carolina are established as separate colonies.    
 Portuguese and Spanish begin slave trade.    
 * Stono Rebellion and The War of Jenkins' Ear    
    

Which colony developed the slave code that acted as a model of other colonies?     
 * Virginia    
 South Carolina    
 Georgia    
 Maryland    
    

One of the first written antislavery sentiments was Considerations on The Keeping of Negroes (1754) by     
 Elizabeth Lucas Pickney.    
 James Edward Oglethorpe.    
 Olaudah Equiano.    
 * John Woolman.    
    

With the many ethnic groups present, this may have first formed the foundation of a common African American culture:     
 conversion to Christianity    
 * music and dance    
 learning English    
 fictive kinship    
    

The term Creole is most closely related to      
 Mustee.    
 Mulatto.    
 * country born.    
 salt-water born.    
    

About half of the slaves imported to the New World between 1701 and 1810 were delivered to      
 Brazil.    
 * the Caribbean.    
 the British colonies of North America.    
 Mexico.    
    

An examination of slavery in Florida and New Mexico indicates that      
 * local conditions determined its character.    
 few Africans were brought to Spanish America.    
 Indian slavery rarely existed.    
 the harshest form of slavery existed in the more isolated regions of Spanish America.    
    

These areas of the Americas had the greatest concentration of African Americans as a percentage of the population in the 1600s and 1700s:     
 * Caribbean and Lower South    
 Louisiana and Florida    
 Mexico and New Mexico    
 Brazil and Peru    
    

In the task system governing slave labor on the low country plantations, slaves     
 * who finished their tasks were free to use their remaining time for their own pursuits.    
 were forced to work in large groups.    
 had no time to take care of their personal needs.    
 were primarily used to grow tobacco and cotton.    
    

An examination of language patterns, music, and architectural forms in the South suggests that during the eighteenth century     
 * a significant amount of cultural sharing occurred between Africans and white southerners.    
 white southern culture borrowed little from African culture, but the latter was transformed by white culture.    
 Africans absorbed little of the white culture in the South.    
 little cultural exchange of any kind occurred between African slaves and white southerners.    
    

The essence of the European theory of mercantilism was the belief that     
 slavery was the preferred trading base for economic activity.    
 governments should not attempt to regulate their economies.    
 * the state should exercise political control of the economy.    
 colonies were detrimental to the economic well-being of a nation.    
    

All of the following are characteristics of the West African societies that many slaves were taken from to the New World except:     
 polygamous marriage and family system    
 sophisticated agricultural methods    
 elaborate trade networks    
 * a few large ethnic groups    
    

Among the worst of the horrors slaves experienced during the Middle Passage was     
 the inability of Africans to communicate.    
 poor food quality.    
 stories told describing what lay ahead in America.    
 * inadequate sanitation and related deadly diseases.    
    

The effect of mercantilism on warfare was to     
 * increase it through trade rivalries.    
 stabilize it through economic cooperation.     
 condemn it as damaging to international economies.    
 minimize intertribal warfare.    
    

What was the most obvious effect of slavery on the economy of the British empire?     
 the growth of shipbuilding and shipping    
 * the beginnings of the Industrial Revolution    
 the high unemployment rates of nonslave agricultural workers in the empire    
 the retardation of investment in industrial development