Where was the center of Europe's economic transformation in the sixteenth century?     
 England    
 France    
 * Netherlands    
 Spain    
    

The Spanish forts along the Florida coast were designed to protect      
 * Gulf Stream sea lanes.    
 their fur trade.    
 potential gold in the interior.    
 rich fishing grounds.    
    

How did tobacco cultivation affect relations with the Powhatan Confederacy?     
 It made the Indians dependent on the English for tobacco.    
 It created the need for more land for planting.    
 * It led to the indenture of Indians for labor.    
 It led to greater cooperation for trade purposes.    
    

Which of the following best describes the purpose of the Spanish New Mexico colony?     
 to mine precious metals    
 to produce sugar    
 to provide homes for Spanish Protestants    
 * to convert Indians to Christianity    
    

The cultural ideal for Puritan women in the New England community social order was     
 small families.    
 * subordination of women to men.    
 to be literate and economically independent.    
 little control over family household tasks.    
    

French interest in the Indians was based primarily on     
 * commercial concerns.    
 their belief that the Indians should be converted to Christianity.    
 their need for heavy labor from the Indians.    
 their desire for Indian land.    
    

What did religious disagreements stimulate?     
 emigration to England    
 * the founding of new colonies    
 open debates on the role of the church    
 violence in New England communities    
    

These two colonies were set off as royal ones in 1680 and 1704:     
 * New Hampshire / Delaware     
 Maine / Vermont    
 Florida / Georgia     
 Alabama / Georgia    
    

What were "praying towns"?     
 isolated Puritan communities    
 Scandinavian communities in Delaware    
 Quaker communities    
 * Christian Indian communities    
    

The Glorious Revolution in England had significant implications for the colonies because     
 King William established the Dominion of New England.    
 a major loss of self-government resulted.    
 * England now had a constitutional monarchy.    
 less monarchical council was extended over them.    
    

Metacomet, leader of the Wampanoags, led a fierce but futile war against New Englanders known as     
 the Pequot War.    
 * King Philip's War.    
 the Great Swamp War.    
 the Tammany War.    
    

All of the following were true of indentured servants in the Chesapeake of the 1600s except:     
 * They were evenly divided between men, women, and children.    
 Two out of every five failed to survive.    
 Most were young, unskilled males, sometimes convicts.    
 They could receive "freedom dues" at the end of their service.    
    

One outcome of King William's War was     
 all colonies lost their charters.    
 * a tightening of royal rule over the colonies.    
 English conquest of most of the French settlements on the St. Lawrence.    
 greater religious freedom on the frontier.    
    

Both Bacon's Rebellion and Culpeper's Rebellion showed conflict between these two communities:     
 * tidewater and frontier regions of Virginia and North Carolina    
 Puritans and dissenters in Rhode Island and Massachusetts    
 Christian Indians and Covenant Chain Indians in New England    
 slave traders and those who objected to slavery    
    

Penn approved of this former Scandinavian-Dutch community becoming the separate colony of      
 Rhode Island.    
 * Delaware.    
 New Jersey.    
 Maine.    
    

Pilgrim emigration to the New World began in     
 1607.    
 1609.    
 * 1620.    
 1625.    
    

All of the following characterized Puritan religion except:     
 The social order was ordained by God.    
 having the church as the core of the community    
 the desire to purify the English church    
 * tolerance for other religious points of view    
    

Hispanic settlers in New Mexico     
 outnumbered the Pueblo Indians.    
 felt safe in their isolation.    
 * were outnumbered by the Pueblo Indians.    
 named their road to New Spain "the road of gold."    
    

The Plymouth colony was      
 the best financial success of the English.    
 * a successful, self-sufficient community.    
 very hostile to the Indian peoples.    
 the least self-governing of the English colonies.    
    

The Spanish under Juan de Onate settled in New Mexico in     
 * 1598.    
 1607.    
 1608.    
 1609.    
    

All of the following were true of community life in the Chesapeake of the 1600s except:     
 The society of women gave them some advantages in bargaining.    
 Houses and settlements were generally crude.    
 * They were developing a distinctive American culture.    
 Few schools and churches existed.    
    

The southern part of early Carolina communities had a cultural character that was distinctly     
 * West Indian.    
 Spanish.    
 Dutch.    
 Scots-Irish.    
    

From 1650 to 1700, English colonies were     
 * expanding into the interior, precipitating violent conflicts.    
 isolated from each other.    
 prevented from expanding by powerful Indian confederacies.    
 kept from expanding by French and Spanish forces.    
    

How many Puritans came to Massachusetts during the Great Migration between 1629 and 1643?     
 * 20,000    
 70,000    
 120,000    
 40,000    
    

A critical problem confronting the first settlers of Jamestown was      
 the belligerence and hostility of local Indian tribes.    
 the onset of a brutally cold winter.    
 a devastating drop in the price paid for their tobacco.    
 * their refusal to engage in physical labor even if it meant starving.    
    

The most ethnically and religiously diverse English colony by the late seventeenth century was     
 Rhode Island.    
 South Carolina.    
 Maryland.    
 * New York.    
    

All of the following were part of William Penn's "holy experiment" except:     
 dealing fairly with the Indians    
 religious freedom    
 * equality of sexes    
 elected representation    
    

The Puritans were unique among seventeenth century colonies in North America in having     
 religious toleration.    
 peaceful relations with the Indians.    
 more equal sex roles.    
 * an impressive educational system.    
    

The primary reason for the establishment of the colony at Plymouth was the settlers' desire to     
 convert local Indian populations to Christianity.    
 profit from the great commercial potential evident in New England.    
 * establish their own church independent of the English Church.    
 compete with Virginia in the production of tobacco.    
    

King William's War was primarily between the English and the     
 Dutch.    
 Iroquois.    
 Indians.    
 * French.    
    

What was the New England economy based upon?      
 agriculture    
 * trade    
 mining    
 wine production    
    

After he led a successful revolt against the Spanish, Pueblo leader Popaccent(e) was deposed ten years later by this people because he      
 allowed Christian practices to continue.    
 was unable to stop the Spanish from returning.    
 * could not stop raids by the Navajo and Apache.    
 continued to enslave Indians for his own advantage.    
    

All of the following were accommodations of the Pueblo and Spanish communities in the 1690s except:     
 Pueblos overtly observed Catholicism.    
 The Spanish tolerated traditional Pueblo religious practices.    
 Pueblo forced labor was abandoned.    
 * The Spanish took over the Pueblo lands.    
    

All of the following were encouraged by Charleston merchants to wage war on other Indian tribes except:     
 * Choctaw    
 Cherokee    
 Creeks    
 Chickasaws    
    

The seventeenth-century Pueblo Indians approached Christianity by      
 rejecting Spanish attempts to convert them.    
 * making Christianity one more part of their already complex culture.    
 rejecting their old gods and accepting Christianity as their new religion.    
 refusing to practice any form of religion whatsoever.    
    

What was the outcome of the English Civil War?     
 * the establishment of the English Commonwealth headed by the Puritans    
 the mass migration of the Puritans to New England    
 the decline of good relations with France    
 the end of violence among the New England and Chesapeake colonists    
    

In contrast to the Chesapeake, New England communities     
 had better relationships with the Indians.    
 imported indentured servants who later became freemen.    
 * were mainly family groups.    
 developed self-government.    
    

All of the following were settlements of New France in the seventeenth century except:     
 Quebec    
 Sault Ste. Marie    
 * Albemarle     
 Acadia    
    

Which of the following did Roger Williams believe in?     
 restricting suffrage to male church members    
 The colonists had the right to take Indian lands.    
 Church and state had to be connected.    
 * religious liberty    
    

The Anglo-Dutch Wars resulted in     
 greater expansion in land for the Dutch.    
 the Dutch taking the Swedish colony on the Delaware.    
 * English takeover of New Amsterdam.    
 Iroquois dominance.    
    

The Covenant Chain demonstrated the continued efforts of this group to dominate the     
 Boston Puritans.    
 * Iroquois Confederacy.    
 Pequots.    
 Dutch.    
    

All of the following were true of English and Massachusetts Indians' land relationships except:     
 The English saw much Indian land as "unused."    
 The Indians were pressured into signing quitclaims.    
 Treachery and dishonest deals were common.    
 * Formal treaties and land purchases were made.    
    

All of the following settlements were matched to the correct river or body of water except:     
 New Sweden / Delaware River    
 New Amsterdam / Hudson River    
 Florida / Gulf of Mexico    
 * Alabama / Mississippi River