The period of ancient Greek history that followed Alexander the Great is called Paleolithic * Hellenistic Medieval Renaissance During the Hellenistic World Ancient Middle Eastern and Greek civilizations joined in a manner that changed them both The Eastern Mediterranean was dominated by Greek language and culture Kings ruled large kingdoms rather than citizens ruling independent city-states * All of the above Evidence suggests that during the Hellenistic period, as compared to the Classical, Greek women * Were freer from family authority and could work and earn money Became dominant over men politically and economically Became even more subject to the will of their husbands and fathers Were admitted to the citizen assemblies, achieving political equality Macedonia was An Aegean island kingdom * A Greek speaking kingdom north of Greece but not thought of as Greek by those who lived in a polis. Had a long tradition of democratic rule None of the above The southern Greek states, the self-described "civilized" Greeks, regarded the Macedonians as Highly developed politically and culturally, and to be emulated * Backward because they did not have the political life of the city-states So poor and backward they were not worth bothering about Dangerous because they were allied with Persia Philip II of Macedon, father of Alexander the Great Participated in several Greek wars after the Peloponnesian War Reformed the Macedonian army, especially the phalanx, to make it more formidable Hoped to unite the Greek city-states under his leadership * All of the above Demosthenes opposed the expansion of Macedonia under Philip II because * Philip threatened the traditional freedom and self-government of the polis Philip was a weak military commander and would not be able to fight the Persians He wanted Sparta to assume the leadership of Greece Macedonia was not rich enough to be the leader of the Greeks The southern Greek states were defeated by Philip II at the battle of Marathon Salamis * Chaeronea Actium Philip II dreamed of conquering Persia, but did not do so because * He was assassinated under circumstances that have never been clearly explained The coalition of Athens and Thebes crushed his troops at Chaeronea He died young, of a fever The king of Persia persuaded the Macedonian troops to mutiny Alexander's love of Greek culture, literature, and science seems to have come from his tutor Socrates Plato * Aristotle Zeno In which country was the greatest of the many Alexandrias founded? * Egypt Persia Phoenicia Macedonia During his conquest of the Persian Empire, Alexander Was brutal in battle, but generous in peace Perfected the art of siege warfare Won every battle, often against great odds * All of the above In Egypt, Alexander Was finally defeated Diverted the Nile to the south Organized a democratic government for the people * Was declared to be the god Ammon, and crowned as pharaoh In order to consolidate his authority in Greece, Alexander Returned to Greece after defeating Darius III at Issus * Publicly identified himself with the legendary Greek heroes, Heracles and Achilles Restored democracy in Athens Openly adopted the Spartan way of life Which of the following policies did Alexander NOT follow in his imperial rule? Founded many cities to spread Greek urban life throughout the empire Supported intermarriage between Greeks and Asians * Destroyed all conquered cities to obliterate non-Greek culture Recruited Persian soldiers as part of a new combined army In 323 B.C., Alexander died in Babylon from Assassination by one of his officers Suicide by drowning in the Euphrates * Alcohol abuse and fever A battle wound becoming infected Alexander turned back from his quest for the end of the known world because * His Macedonian troops refused to go beyond India He thought that the land extended forever He was defeated by the kings of northern India He was warned to go no further by his father Zeus Alexander's legacy includes The blending of Greek and Asian culture which we call Hellenistic The idea of a single great empire of many peoples ruled by one king An ideal of heroic military genius emulated by many subsequent leaders * All of the above Following Alexander's death his empire Survived intact for a century under his son and grandson * Was divided by his generals into three main successor kingdoms Was destroyed by an invasion of Mongols Disintegrated as the native peoples rose and expelled all Greeks and Macedonians The Alexandrian successor kingdom ruled over by his general Ptolemy and his successors was * Egypt Persia Macedonia India The Ptolemaic rulers of Egypt Maintained the Empire of Alexander the Great intact * Conducted their official business in Greek, while permitting traditional Egyptian culture to continue Suppressed Egyptian culture, thus bringing the civilization of Egypt to an end None of the above Arsinoe II Married her brother and became Queen of Egypt Married the king of Thrace Was worshipped as a goddess in Egypt * All of the above The Alexandrian monument regarded as one of the seven wonders of the ancient world was The Museum The Royal Palace Alexander's tomb * The lighthouse, or Pharos The Rosetta Stone was important because It recorded the deeds of Arsinoe II. * It was written in three scripts: Greek, cursive Egyptian, and hieroglyphics, permitting the translation of the Egyptian language. It proved that Alexander the Great had reached China It gave the name of the Pharaoh who built the Great Pyramid. An unexpected consequence of Alexander's conquests and the subsequent breakup of his empire was * The unification of most of India under Chandragupta Maurya and Asoka The rise of the Chinese Empire The collapse of the Roman Republic The unification of sub-Saharan Africa The Seleucid dynasty ruled Macedonia * The Asian part of Alexander's empire Egypt Greece and Crete The Hellenistic monarchy of the Seleucids Conquered Rome Repudiated Greek culture in favor of traditional Near Eastern civilization * Had as its economic basis control of Middle Eastern trade routes to the Mediterranean All of the above The Antigonids ruled * Macedonia The Asian part of Alexander's empire Egypt Italy In the Hellenistic age, which was not a change experienced by the Greek poleis? Professionals took over from citizens such activities as soldier and athlete The gap between rich and poor widened, with the rich controlling politics Many immigrants and freedmen became citizens, diluting the sense of community * The common citizens reasserted control of the governments, making them more democratic Which of the following was not true of the increasingly diverse Hellenistic world? The ruling class, though Greek in language and culture, was open to non-Greeks who acquired Greek culture and language * There was a growing Chinese influence, especially in the Antigonid kingdom of Macedonia Women could travel more freely and participate in the arts Blacks were more often represented in the visual arts The Hellenistic monarchs created a new economy in the eastern Mediterranean by Standardizing the currency Spreading new agricultural practices and products Establishing royal monopolies in key industries to control production * All of the above During the Hellenistic period slavery * Increased in numbers and ethnic diversity Decreased in numbers as war prisoners were generally set free Was controlled so that only the kings and their officials could own slaves Was restricted to non-whites Urban problems in the Hellenistic Age included Lack of public safety Poor sanitation Uncertain food supply * All of the above The ruling class of the Hellenistic monarchies was made up of the Persians ennobled by Alexander and their descendants Egyptian priestly class * Greek/Macedonians and those educated in Greek language and culture Athenian and Spartan councilors sent by their governments for this purpose During the Hellenistic period women Were increasingly sequestered from cultural, political and economic life Were granted political and voting rights in most kingdoms * Were allowed freer access to economic and cultural professions Gained the right to pass down their names and heritage to their children A good example of a Hellenistic royal city in both its planning and in its art, is Babylon Corinth Sparta * Pergamum A major difference between "Classical" Greek art and the art of the Hellenistic era was The introduction of bronze statuary during the Hellenistic period The surprisingly small amount of money spent by Hellenistic rulers and cities on public art. * The tendency towards realistic rather than idealistic portrayal in sculpture That temple building nearly stopped. The Maccabees led a Jewish revolt against King Antiochus IV because he Wanted to move all the Jews to Egypt to establish a Jewish state there Converted to Judaism and insisted on being appointed high priest Forbade the Jews from trading with the Ptolomaic kingdom * Attempted to Hellenize the Jews and violated the Temple with an altar to Zeus Greek schools of the Hellenistic era Banned nude exercises in the gymnasium * Emphasized Homer as the primary literary text Were usually run-down and neglected Mixed male and female students Hellenistic "New Comedy" plays generally contained Satire about the kings Stories of gods to teach good moral behavior * Romantic stories about the problems of everyday people Profound and heroic themes about politics and ethics The Hellenistic school of philosophy that advocated the rejection of the goods of this world in order to achieve happiness was that of the Sophists * Cynics Epicureans Stoics Although differing in approaches to life, the Hellenistic philosophies of Stoicism, Epicureanism, and Cynicism had many things in common. Which of the following was not shared by them? They argued for something of a withdrawal from the life of the cosmopolitan cities. They seldom appealed to really destitute people. * They argued for an increased participation in the life of the polis. They emphasized control of the self and personal tranquility. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the mystery religions? * Ceremonies were led by the civic leaders so the gods would protect the polis Individual salvation and an afterlife were promised the initiates Music, dance and purification rituals led to a mystic union with the god/goddess Initiates were sworn to secrecy about the special rituals Hellenistic Science Was clearly inferior to the early Greek science of Thales and Pythagoras Perfected the manufacture of steel Culminated in the work of Homer * Made important advances in mathematics and astronomy. The southern Greek city-states admired the Macedonians for their advanced culture as well as their military prowess. True * False Macedonian wealth derived from good pasture, farming and mines of gold and silver. * True False Philip of Macedonia had no desire to conquer the Persian empire. True * False Alexander received a good education in southern Greek literature and science. * True False Alexander's empire stretched as far as the Pacific coast of China. True * False Although Alexander wed a Persian princess, he forbade his soldiers to intermarry with Asians. True * False Alexander wrote in his memoirs when he was an old man that he wanted to combine Greeks and Asians into a new, universal race. True * False Alexander's generals divided his empire after his death, with three main kingdoms emerging. * True False Arsinoe of Egypt usurped the throne from her husband. True * False Alexandria grew into a large city as capital of Egypt, but could never surpass Athens in trade and commerce. True * False Greek immigrants to Asia and Egypt were relegated to the same low social and economic status as the native inhabitants. True * False In the Hellenistic eastern Mediterranean, Greek became the language of government and business. * True False In the Hellenistic world, the gap between rich and poor grew wider. * True False The Nike of Samothrace is a statue of the goddess of victory. * True False The use of elephants made Hellenistic armies invincible. True * False The number of people traveling for business and professional reasons increased in the wider cosmopolitan Hellenistic world, and even women found a new freedom to move about. * True False Women had far more opportunities to exercise economic, social, literary, and occasionally even political power in Hellenistic Greece than in pre-Alexandrine Greece. * True False Hellenistic artists and architects had to depend on the uncertain support of democratic governments to carry out their projects. True * False In general, Hellenistic religion and philosophy emphasized the needs of individuals struggling for identity in a wider, cosmopolitan world, rather than the needs of the community or city. * True False The leading center of Hellenistic science and learning could be found in the Museum and library of Alexandria. * True False Archimedes, though a superb mathematician, invented no practical devices. True * False