The central argument Parsons makes regarding the social structure of medicine is that 
A. the health of social systems is fundamentally dependent upon the health of the members of society
B. the problem of health is intimately involved in the functional prerequisites of the social system
C. medical patients are fundamentally dependent upon the proper socialization of physicians and other medical providers
D. the practice of medicine is being undermined by the growth of commercialism in medicine
ANSWER: 

Parsons' theory is rooted in the 
A. order theory (a.k.a. structural functionalism)
B. conflict theory
C. interactionism theory
D. labeling theory
ANSWER: 

Which of the following is NOT one of the aspects of the institutionalized expectation system relative to the sick role that Parsons identifies?
A. Exemption from normal social role responsibilities
B. An institutionalized definition that the sick person cannot be expected to pull themselves together
C. The expectation that one partially blames oneself for becoming ill
D. The definition of the state of being ill as itself undesirable with its obligation to get well
E. The obligation to seek technically competent help and to cooperate with him to try to get well
ANSWER: 


5. Which of the following is NOT one of the ways that AIDS in Africa is unlike AIDS in the U.S.?
A. AIDS in the U.S. tends to be limited to specific high-risk groups
B. AIDS in the U.S. has been brought under some level of control through intensive education, vigorous political action, and expensive drug therapy
C. AIDS in Africa tends to be limited to rural population, compared to the U.S. where AIDS is a more urban phenomenon
D. In Africa, it tends to be society's fittest, not its frailest, that die from AIDS, and everyone who is sexually active is at risk of AIDS
ANSWER: 

Which of the following is NOT one of the recommendations made by McGreary to fight the problem?
A. Abstinence campaigns
B. Better leaders
C. Providing more drug therapy
D. Western financial support
ANSWER: 

Which of the following is NOT one of the stages of depression that Karp identifies?
A. pre-traumatic stress
B. inchoate feelings lacking a vocabulary to label them
C. a phase during which they conclude 'something is really wrong with me'
D. a crisis stage that thrusts them into a world of therapeutic experts
E. a stage of coming to grips with an illness during which they theorize about the causes for their difficulty and evaluate the prospects for getting beyond depression
ANSWER: 

Karp calls these stages
A. identity turning points
B. labels
C. crises
D. tragic
ANSWER: 

According to Karp, when people with depression 'go public' and acknowledge their condition to others, they 
A. often immediately feel better
B. often immediately feel worse
C. undergo a singificant change in their identity and social status
D. have taken their first step to 'recovery'
ANSWER: 


Ritzer's main argument in his theory of ' McDonaldization' is that society is becoming increasingly
A. alienating
B. chaotic
C. egalitarian
D. rationalized
E. unequal
ANSWER: 

Which of the following is NOT one of the main elements of McDonaldization?
A. alienation
B. efficiency
C. calculability
D. predictability
E. control
ANSWER: 
ANSWER: 

Ritzer's fears regarding the results of McDonaldization are most similar to
A. Marx's fears of growing class inequality
B. Durkheim's fears of the growing anomie
C. Weber's fears of the impending 'iron cage of bureaucracy'
D. None of the above; Ritzer actually looked forward to the effects of McDonaldization
ANSWER: 

Ritzer believes that the model of rationalization in the 19th century was ----------, while today it is ---------.
A. the family diner / the fast-food restaurant
B. traditional bureaucracy / the fast-paced, flexible corporation
C. bureaucracy / the fast-food restaurant
D. the fast-food restaurant / bureaucracy
ANSWER: 

According to Charles Derber, the war on Iraq and on terrorism is a case of 
A. fighting those who hate freedom
B. protecting democracy
C. political and military wilding
D. the circulation of elites
ANSWER: 

"Power dressed up in universal values such as freedom and prosperity" is the definition for
A. ideology
B. propaganda
C. hegemony
D. mass consciousness
ANSWER: 

Which of the following is NOT one of the recommendations Derber makes regarding how terrorism should be stopped? 
A. It should be led by the United Nations and the international community
B. It would attack the root causes of terrorism, requiring major changes in U.S. foreign and econmic policy
C. Changing the rules of globalization so that poor people don't bear the burden of debt and lack of economic development
D. Promoting U.S. values of freedom and capitalism around the world
ANSWER: 

Which of the following is models of community that Etzioni discusses does he favor?
A. community of communities
B. multiculturalism
C. assimilationism
D. None of the above
ANSWER: 

Etzioni argues that the pursuit of well-being through ever higher levels of consumption 
A. a) is necessary for economic development to occur rapidly enough to eliminate the raciality inequality that lies at the heart of prejudice and discrimination in the U.S.
B. b) is Sisyphean, never leading to satisfaction and contentment
C. c) takes our attention away from the true source of happiness: nourishing ends-based relationships, bonding with others, community building, and cultural and spiritual pursuits
D. d) all of the above
E. e) Both b and c
ANSWER: 


19. The great paradox of sociology is that
A. society has many social problems, but social problems are rooted in society
B. society has power over its members, but people have power to change society
C. sociology is capable of understanding a great deal about society, but its incapable of understanding itself
D. sociology is a product of industrial capitalist society, but sociology is very critical of industrial capitalism.
ANSWER: 

Which of the following is NOT one of the implications of the paradox of sociology referred to in the previous question?
A. Sociology is inherently limited in its understanding of its subject matter
B. Society is not rigid or static; its created, sustained, and changed by people
C. Social forms that people create often take on a sacred quality
D. Since social structures are created and sustained by people, they are imperfect
ANSWER: 

While human agency is important, Eitzen and Zinn caution that we should not minimize the power of social ------------ that subordinate people, making change difficult or, at times, impossible.
A. pressures
B. structures
C. classes
D. construction
ANSWER: 

Eitzen and Zinn argue that what many people consider --------- and therefore unchangeable, is really a social construction and can, therefore, be reconstructed.
A. human nature
B. sacred
C. social structure
D. biologically determined
ANSWER: 

A 'collective attempt to promote or resist social change' is the definition of
A. a revolution
B. a social movement
C. a fad
D. a craze
E. collective action
ANSWER: 

A reform movement
A. attempts to bring change to a specific part of society
B. focuses on totally changing individuals
C. limits itself to non-violent, legal strategies
D. seeks limited change in individuals
E. attempts to totally change a society
ANSWER: 

A collective attempt to oppose or defy social change is called a
A. reform movement
B. proto-revolutionary movement
C. resistance movement
D. redemptive movement
E. reactionary movement
ANSWER: 

The civil rights movement and the student movement of the 1960s were examples of
A. reform movements
B. revolutionary movements
C. resistance movements
D. redemptive movements
E. charismatic movements
ANSWER: 

Eitzen and Zinn cite the Evangelical Christian efforts to oppose the teaching of evolution and sex education in schools as an example of a
A. reform movement
B. resistance movement
C. revolutionary movement
D. redemptive movement
ANSWER: 

Which of the following is NOT one of the stages in the common life course of social movements?
A. Social unrest arises due to a societal condition that threatens or harms a segment of society
B. Grievances become focused, and leadership emerges
C. The movement becomes organized and resources are mobilized
D. If the movement is successful, its victories become institutionalized in the society.
E. None of the above, since ALL are stages in the life course of social movements
ANSWER: 

If a social movement is successful, it will become --------- into society.
A. co-opted
B. institutionalized
C. accepted
D. bureaucratized
ANSWER: 

Which of the following is NOT one of the suggestions Allan Johnson makes for people wanting to challenge the social inequities and injustices of society?
A. Quietly and invisibly change social institutions from within
B. Withdraw support from paths of least resistance
C. Pay attention to how different forms of oppression interact with one another
D. Work with other people
E. Don't let other people set the standard for you
ANSWER: 

Overall, what is Allan Johnson promoting in his article?
A. A united social movement against privilege
B. Awareness among underprivileged groups
C. Individual activism
D. Self-awareness
E. Class warfare
ANSWER: 

Eitzen and Zinn argue that ideologies are
A. the key to social movements
B. the major obstacle to social change
C. the only accurate way to understand reality
D. interesting, but nonetheless false ideas about society
ANSWER: 

Which of the following is NOT an element of ideology? They
A. explain a social group's position in society.
B. provide the goal for a movement.
C. bring members together.
D. offer a compelling argument used to recruit new members to a movement.
E. NONE of the above; all are elements of ideology.
ANSWER: 

Which of the following is NOT one of the six conditions that Szymanski believes are necessary for a social movement to emerge and be successful?
A. Frustration
B. Resources sufficient to shift the balance of power in the movement's favor
C. An alternative ideology
D. Proper tactics, strategies, and organizational forms
E. An unsuccessful response by the opponents of the movement
ANSWER: 

Which of the following is NOT one of the common ways that 'elites' or opponents of social movements try to prevent movements' success, according to Szymanski?
A. They ignore the movement and hope it goes away
B. They co-opt the leaders
C. They repress the movement
D. They offer limited reforms to weaken the movement, and seek to remove the reforms after the movement subsides
E. They resign their positions in mass, knowing that eventually a new elite will emerge and they will likely be able to join it (this is known as the 'Michels circulation of elites gambit')
ANSWER: 

Which of the following is NOT one of the social dynamics identified by McGreary that contribute to the devastating impact AIDS has on Africa?
A. Migrant labor practices that separate families and promotes poverty that leads to commercial sex
B. Male dominated sexual practices and male resistance to using condoms
C. Opposition to discussing sexual issues publicly, and moralistic views of sexuality, especially of women
D. A fear and stigmatization of AIDS patients and their children
E. Sexual practices that increase HIV transmission rates
F. Family practices that either are overwhelmed by the problem or seem unsupportive
G. The high cost of treatment
H. High rates of poverty
I. None of the above, since ALL of these contribute to the devastion
ANSWER: 
