
Social psychology is the scientific study of how individuals think, feel, and behave    
A.  A. in groups.    
B.  B. in different cultures.    
C.   C. in social situations.    
D.  D. when they have to judge others.    
E.      
ANSWER: C

Social cognition is the study of the mental processes people use    
A.  A. when interacting with others.    
B.  B. to discover the effects of situational factors on human behavior.    
C.   C. to make sense out of their social environment.    
D.  D. to control how they feel, think, and behave in social situations.    
E.      
ANSWER: C

The study of _______________ includes such questions as why we conform to group norms, what compels us to obey an authority figures, and under what circumstances people will help a stranger.    
A.  A. collectivistic cultures    
B.  B. individualistic cultures    
C.   C. social influence    
D.  D. person perception    
E.      
ANSWER: C

______________ refers to how we form impressions of other people, how we interpret the meaning of other people's behavior, and how our behavior is affected by our attitudes.    
A.  A. Social influence    
B.   B. Social cognition    
C.  C. Social norms    
D.  D. Collectivistic culture    
E.      
ANSWER: B

The conclusions you reach about other people are influenced by three key components: the characteristics of the individual you are attempting to size up, the situation in which the process occurs, and    
A.   A. your own characteristics as a perceiver.    
B.  B. the goals you have in mind.    
C.  C. the emotions you are feeling at the time.    
D.  D. how the other person reacts to other people.    
E.      
ANSWER: A

In every situation, your behavior is governed by expectations for appropriate behavior. These "rules" are called    
A.  A. social influence.    
B.  B. situational behaviorism.    
C.   C. social norms.    
D.  D. social expectations.    
E.      
ANSWER: C

In the video, you learned about person perception by watching    
A.  A. several people at a party.    
B.   B. James and Julie go on a blind date.    
C.  C. psychologists discuss the importance of being open-minded when meeting people.    
D.  D. a person going on a job interview.    
E.      
ANSWER: B

The four principles of ________________ theory states that each component influences the conclusions you reach about other people.    
A.   A. person perception    
B.  B. attribution    
C.  C. social norms    
D.  D. social cognition    
E.      
ANSWER: A

Psychologists refer to the cognitive schemas we form about the traits and behaviors of different types of people as    
A.  A. social categorization.    
B.  B. explicit personality theory.    
C.   C. implicit personality theory.    
D.  D. social schema theory.    
E.      
ANSWER: C

Social categorization theory refers to the mental process of categorizing people into groups    
A.  A. depending on physical attractiveness.    
B.  B. on the basis of their different qualities.    
C.  C. depending on their assumptions about the relationships among the various types of people.    
D.   D. on the basis of their shared characteristics.    
E.      
ANSWER: D

In the video, you learned that ______________ occurs when you have a limited amount of time and limited information about a person.    
A.   A. social categorization    
B.  B. social influence    
C.  C. implicit personality theory    
D.  D. person perception    
E.      
ANSWER: A

In the video, expert psychologists explained that _____________ is a network of assumptions or beliefs about the relationship among various types of people, traits, and behaviors.    
A.  A. social categorization    
B.  B. social influence    
C.   C. implicit personality theory    
D.  D. person perception    
E.      
ANSWER: C

Researchers have found that while physical attractiveness is not correlated with intelligence, self-esteem, or mental health, attractive people do tend    
A.  A. to need other people's approval more than unattractive people.    
B.   B. to be less lonely, more popular, and less anxious in social situations.    
C.  C. to be less aware of their looks than their plainer counterparts.    
D.  D. to judge less attractive people as inferior.    
E.      
ANSWER: B

While most people associate ______________ with a range of desirable traits, researchers have found very little evidence to support such assumptions.    
A.  A. perceptions of persons    
B.  B. social influence    
C.  C. social cognition    
D.   D. physical attractiveness    
E.      
ANSWER: D

In the video, expert psychologists discussed the role physical attractiveness plays in person perception and that physical attractiveness is often associated with    
A.  A. being self-centered or conceited.    
B.  B. having money and status.    
C.  C. many undesirable traits.    
D.   D. many desirable traits.    
E.      
ANSWER: D

The tendency to attribute success to one's own behavior and blame failures on external circumstances is called    
A.  A. the fundamental attribution error.    
B.  B. blaming the victim.    
C.  C. the success-failure hypothesis.    
D.   D. the self-serving bias.    
E.      
ANSWER: D

In the video, psychologists explained that the process of inferring the cause of someone's behavior is called    
A.  A. the behavioral cause hypothesis.    
B.   B. attribution.    
C.  C. stereotyping of others.    
D.  D. the common explanatory theory.    
E.      
ANSWER: B

Some people have a strong need to believe that we get what we deserve and deserve what we get. Psychologists refer to this as the    
A.  A. situational attribution belief.    
B.   B. just-world hypothesis.    
C.  C. fundamental blaming error.    
D.  D. actor-observer discrepancy.    
E.      
ANSWER: B

Blaming the poor for their dire straits or the sick for bringing on their illness are examples of a common explanatory pattern called    
A.   A. blaming the victim.    
B.  B. the just-world hypothesis.    
C.  C. person perception.    
D.  D. social norms.    
E.      
ANSWER: A

The tendency to attribute one's own behavior to external, situational causes, while attributing the behavior of others to internal, personal causes is called the    
A.   A. actor-observer discrepancy.    
B.  B. self-serving discrepancy.    
C.  C. social error phenomenon.    
D.  D. external-internal excuse hypothesis.    
E.      
ANSWER: A

Common in individualistic cultures, the tendency to attribute the behavior of others to internal, personal characteristics, while underestimating the effects of external, situational factors is known as    
A.  A. principles of person perception.    
B.  B. the just-world hypothesis.    
C.  C. social norms.    
D.   D. fundamental attribution error.    
E.      
ANSWER: D

An interesting exception to the fundamental attribution error is the ______________, in which we tend to use external, situational factors to explain our own behavior.    
A.  A. fundamental attribution error    
B.   B. actor-observer discrepancy    
C.  C. just-world hypothesis    
D.  D. self-serving discrepancy    
E.      
ANSWER: B

Which of the following governs behavior in social situations and is a contributory factor to how you perceive a person?    
A.  A. principles of person perception    
B.  B. the just-world hypothesis    
C.   C. social norms    
D.  D. the fundamental attribution error    
E.      
ANSWER: C

Avoiding eye contact with strangers in a public elevator is an example of    
A.  A. social cognition.    
B.  B. the just-world hypothesis.    
C.   C. social norms.    
D.  D. self-serving bias.    
E.      
ANSWER: C

In _______________ cultures, the tendency is to attribute the behavior of others to internal, personal characteristics, while ignoring external factors; whereas, in ________________ cultures, success is attributed to external, situational factors, ignoring the effects of internal, personal characteristics.    
A.  A. collectivistic; individualistic    
B.  B. collectivistic; eclectic    
C.  C. eclectic; individualistic    
D.   D. individualistic; collectivistic    
E.      
ANSWER: D

In _______________ cultures, the tendency exists to attribute success to situational factors, while blaming failure on personal factors.    
A.   A. collectivistic    
B.  B. individualistic    
C.  C. eclectic    
D.  D. astrological    
E.      
ANSWER: A

