
In the video, the three general characteristics that psychologists normally associate with motivation were introduced. These characteristics are    
A.  A. cognition, persistence, and activation.    
B.   B. activation, persistence, and intensity.    
C.  C. intention, persistence, and activation.    
D.  D. activation, cognition, and intensity.    
E.      
ANSWER: B

The word _______________ is frequently used when trying to understand or explain the behavior of others.    
A.   A. motivation    
B.  B. instinct    
C.  C. homeostasis    
D.  D. need    
E.      
ANSWER: A

In the video, it was explained that the basic idea in a drive theory is that we have some unmet    
A.  A. psychological needs.    
B.  B. instinctual needs.    
C.   C. biological needs.    
D.  D. personal needs.    
E.      
ANSWER: C

In the video, Professor Weiner used the examples of body temperature and hunger to explain the concept of    
A.   A. homeostasis.    
B.  B. drive theory.    
C.  C. biological motivation.    
D.  D. instinct-drive needs.    
E.      
ANSWER: A

We can say that ________________ activates behavior to reestablish the balance of internal conditions.    
A.  A. homeostasis    
B.   B. drive    
C.  C. biological needs    
D.  D. instinct-drive needs    
E.      
ANSWER: B

In the video, professor Don Hockenbury, one of the authors of your textbook, explained that a major drawback of _______________ was that many of our behaviors do not seem to be connected to any unmet biological need.    
A.  A. homeostasis    
B.  B. instinct theory    
C.  C. biological motivation    
D.   D. drive theory    
E.      
ANSWER: D

_______________ theory of motivation is explained as engaging in behaviors because of genetic programming, whereas ______________ theory proposes that behavior is motivated by the "pull" of external goals.    
A.  A. Incentive; instinct    
B.   B. Instinct; incentive    
C.  C. Instinct; biological    
D.  D. Homeostatic; instinct    
E.      
ANSWER: B

Professor Weiner explained in the video that historically in the study of motivation, two contexts have been used; one context is a hungry animal and the other is     
A.  A. an angry or frustrated animal.    
B.  B. a hungry person.    
C.   C. a person working on a task.    
D.  D. an animal that is not hungry.    
E.      
ANSWER: C

The video explained that early psychologists attempted to explain motivation using _______________ theories.    
A.  A. incentive    
B.  B. motivation    
C.  C. cognitive    
D.   D. instinct    
E.      
ANSWER: D

According to instinct theories, people are motivated to engage in certain behaviors because of ______________.    
A.   A. genetic programming    
B.  B. incentive programming    
C.  C. self-actualization    
D.  D. psychological programming    
E.      
ANSWER: A

In the video, Abraham Maslow's theory of motivation was introduced. This theory is called the    
A.  A. self-actualization model.    
B.   B. hierarchy of needs.    
C.  C. safety to esteem ladder.    
D.  D. human motivation chain model.    
E.      
ANSWER: B

Abraham Maslow's theory of self-actualization refers to the stage of    
A.  A. peak experiences.    
B.  B. a state of realism and acceptance.    
C.  C. prestige and external accomplishment.    
D.   D. achieving one's full potential.    
E.      
ANSWER: D

_______________ is the notion of the highest level of achievement of Maslow's hierarchy of needs, in which individuals make full use of their talents, abilities, and potential.    
A.  A. Drive theory    
B.  B. Instinct theory    
C.   C. Self-actualization    
D.  D. Biological motivation theory    
E.      
ANSWER: C

Professor Hockenbury explained in the video that one of the problems with Maslow's theory of motivation is that so few people    
A.  A. understand this theory.    
B.   B. achieve full self-actualization.    
C.  C. get beyond their basic survival needs.    
D.  D. have any interest in achieving their maximum potential.    
E.      
ANSWER: B

Your body uses energy for vital bodily functions even at rest; this rate is referred to as your    
A.  A. set-point rate.    
B.   B. basal metabolic rate.    
C.  C. parasympathetic rate.    
D.  D. energy balance rate.    
E.      
ANSWER: B

______________ is defined as a condition in which a person weighs 20 percent or more above his or her optimal body weight.    
A.   A. Obesity    
B.  B. Bulimia nervosa    
C.  C. Anorexia nervosa    
D.  D. Arousal    
E.      
ANSWER: A

Metabolism changes that occur because your body is trying to maintain its _______________ may explain many of the difficulties people encounter when trying to lose or gain weight.    
A.  A. motivation    
B.   B. set-point weight    
C.  C. arousal point    
D.  D. self-actualization    
E.      
ANSWER: B

_______________ is defined as the eating disorder in which an individual refuses to maintain normal body weight and is afraid of gaining weight, while ________________ is defined as the disorder in which a person engages in binge eating and then purges the food by self-induced vomiting, or by using laxatives or enemas.    
A.  A. Bulimia nervosa; anorexia nervosa    
B.  B. Anorexia nervosa; obesity    
C.   C. Anorexia nervosa; bulimia nervosa    
D.  D. Obesity; bulimia nervosa    
E.      
ANSWER: C

Factors involved in both anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are cultural, _______________, social, and genetic.    
A.  A. biological    
B.  B. self-actualization    
C.  C. set-point weight    
D.   D. psychological    
E.      
ANSWER: D

_______________ is motivated behavior that is directed toward excelling, succeeding, or outperforming others.    
A.   A. Achievement motivation    
B.  B. Sensation seeking    
C.  C. Arousal motivation    
D.  D. Competence motivation    
E.      
ANSWER: A

_______________ is motivated behavior directed toward demonstrating competence and exercising control in a situation.    
A.  A. Achievement motivation    
B.  B. Sensation seeking    
C.  C. Arousal motivation    
D.   D. Competence motivation    
E.      
ANSWER: D

_______________ motivation is enrolling in a course to gain more control over your life, whereas ________________ motivation is trying to finish at the top of your class.    
A.  A. Achievement; competence    
B.   B. Competence; achievement    
C.  C. Sensation-seeking; achievement    
D.  D. Achievement; sensation-seeking    
E.      
ANSWER: B

______________ theory is the notion that people are motivated to maintain an optimal level of this arousal, whereas _____________ theory is the notion that behavior is directed to experiences that produce high levels of arousal.    
A.   A. Arousal; sensation-seeking    
B.  B. Sensation-seeking; arousal    
C.  C. Sensation-seeking; basal metabolic rate    
D.  D. Basal metabolic rate; sensation-seeking    
E.      
ANSWER: A

_______________ theory helps explain curiosity and exploratory behavior, while _______________ theory attempts to explain activities involving physical or social risk.    
A.  A. Sensation-seeking; arousal    
B.   B. Arousal; sensation-seeking    
C.  C. Sensation-seeking; basal metabolic rate    
D.  D. Basal metabolic rate; sensation-seeking    
E.      
ANSWER: B

In the video, Albert Bandura explained the theory of _______________. The old adage, "You can if you think you can," is an example of this notion.    
A.  A. anorexia nervosa    
B.  B. bulimia nervosa    
C.   C. self-efficacy    
D.  D. motivational thinking    
E.      
ANSWER: C

In the video, Professor Bandura explained that there are four ways to build self-efficacy and of these the most powerful way is through    
A.  A. belief in yourself.    
B.  B. continuous effort.    
C.  C. getting good social support.    
D.   D. the mastering of experiences.    
E.      
ANSWER: D

Self-efficacy is the degree to which a person is subjectively convinced    
A.   A. of his or her ability to effectively meet the demands of a situation.    
B.  B. of his or her ability to outperform others.    
C.  C. that he or she has reached his or her full potential.    
D.  D. that he or she is self-controlled and self-motivated.    
E.      
ANSWER: A

