Late 19th Century Europe was characterized by 
A. Revolutions that overthrew governments in Germany and Britain 
B. A massive Asian immigration to Europe 
C. The restoration of monarchy in France 
D. Mass politics and Imperialism 
ANSWER: D
Mass democracy in late 19th century Europe 
A. Was promoted by public education 
B. Was promoted by popular journalism 
C. Was promoted by political parties and political campaigns 
D. All of the above 
ANSWER: D
Liberal democracy in Britain 
A. Was stifled by the Conservative Party 
B. Led to a radical revolution 
C. Was promoted by both the Liberal Party and the Conservative Party 
D. Was strongly opposed by Queen Victoria 
ANSWER: D
Late 19th Century Great Britain 
A. Saw an aristocratic resurgence that repealed all Reform bills 
B. Saw a Second and a Third Reform Bill extending voting rights further 
C. Saw the domination of the government by the British Socialist Party 
D. None of the above 
ANSWER: B
The Third Republic of France 
A. Was born after the collapse of the Second Empire 
B. Was overthrown by the revolt of the Parisian Commune 
C. Ended when General Boulanger seized power and proclaimed a Third Empire 
D. None of the above 
ANSWER: A
The political experience of France and England in the late 19th century demonstrated that 
A. Monarchy was a more liberal form of government than a republic 
B. A republic was a more liberal form of government than a monarchy 
C. Both monarchies and republics could, in their own way, promote the cause of liberal democracy 
D. Any form of late 19th Century government was dangerous for civil liberties 
ANSWER: C
In Imperial Germany, the conservative Chancellor Bismarck believed that the best way to combat the liberalism of the bourgeoisie was 
A. To return to the openly repressive policies of Metternich 
B. To reemphasize aggressive German nationalism in the hope of isolating the liberals 
C. To support universal male suffrage in the belief that the worker and peasant votes would outnumber the votes of the liberal bourgeoisie 
D. None of the above 
ANSWER: C
Germany under Bismarck 
A. Had conflicts with both the Catholic Church and the Socialists 
B. Started World War I 
C. Was more democratic than either France or Britain 
D. Became a republic 
ANSWER: A
Late 19th century Russia under Alexander II and Alexander III 
A. Established a constitutional monarchy 
B. Went from limited reforms under Alexander II to a reactionary policy under Alexander III 
C. Became a well-run multinational empire with little national discontent 
D. None of the above 
ANSWER: B
Late 19th century political developments included 
A. The refusal of the Liberal and Conservative parties in Great Britain to go beyond the terms of the First Reform bill 
B. An alliance by Bismarck and the socialists against German liberals 
C. The collapse of monarchical movements in France and the triumph of the Third Republic 
D. A grudging liberalization in Russia after the assassination of Alexander II 
ANSWER: C
Labor in late 19th century Europe 
A. Was never involved with socialism 
B. Developed large trade union movements in England, France, and Germany 
C. Rejected unskilled workers as members 
D. Seldom went on strike 
ANSWER: B
Jean Jaurs was 
A. A supporter of Bismarck's anti-Socialist policy 
B. A 19th and early 20th Century French orator and Socialist politician 
C. A major advocate of European imperialism 
D. An Impressionist painter 
ANSWER: B
The German Social Democratic Party 
A. Had little electoral success and was ignored by Bismarck 
B. Was brilliantly directed by Jean Jaurs 
C. While maintaining the Marxist principle of inevitable revolution, in practice sought practical benefits for the German workers 
D. None of the above 
ANSWER: C
Anarchism in late 19th Century Europe 
A. Often preferred direct action, such as general strikes or political assassinations as their way to destroy capitalism 
B. Was more conservative than socialism 
C. Overthrew governments in France and Italy 
D. Started the Russian Revolution 
ANSWER: A
Antisemitism in late 19th century Europe 
A. Was often tied to the anarchist movement 
B. Was a byproduct of militant, authoritarian, racist nationalism 
C. Was rejected by all political movements 
D. None of the above 
ANSWER: B
The Dreyfus Affair in France 
A. Revolved around a French Jewish army officer wrongly convicted of treason 
B. Pitted republicans, socialists, and intellectuals against conservatives, monarchists, and anti-Semites 
C. Indirectly led to the legal separation of Church and state in France 
D. All of the above 
ANSWER: D
The Zionist movement 
A. Was an effort to create a national park in the southwestern United States 
B. Was part of the growing European anti-Semitism 
C. Received no support from any European government 
D. Was a movement to create a Jewish homeland in Palestine 
ANSWER: D
Women's suffrage movements in late 19th century Europe 
A. Consciously rejected the idea of feminism 
B. With the exception of Finland, failed to obtain voting rights for women prior to World War I 
C. Were probably weakest in Great Britain 
D. Rejected political activism as a way of obtaining women's rights 
ANSWER: B
During the second half of the 19th Century 
A. Europe was so prosperous that few people wished to leave 
B. Major wars created millions of refugees, who could not return to their homes and who had to leave Europe 
C. Europeans living in less prosperous countries often left for a better life in the Americas, Australia, and New Zealand 
D. European population declined, eliminating the major cause for European emigration 
ANSWER: C
Late 19th Century European Imperialism 
A. Was driven by a combination of economic causes and 19th Century nationalism 
B. Was an entirely new phenomenon in history 
C. Failed to control Africa, which remained free of European domination 
D. Established British rule over China as well as India 
ANSWER: A
An important factor that enabled Europeans to undertake imperial expansion in the 19th Century was 
A. Transportation: steamships and the Suez Canal 
B. Force: breech-loading rifles and machine guns 
C. Medicine: the conquest of diseases such as malaria that otherwise might have killed many European soldiers and officials 
D. All of the above 
ANSWER: D
The most dramatic expression of late 19th Century Imperialism was 
A. The Conquest of Australia 
B. The Mexican War 
C. The Annexation of Japan 
D. The Scramble for Africa 
ANSWER: D
One of the few places in Africa that succeeded in maintaining independence from European imperialism was 
A. The Boer republic of the Transvaal 
B. Ethiopia 
C. Sudan 
D. Congo 
ANSWER: B
The Scramble for Africa 
A. Started with the British takeover of Egypt and the Suez Canal 
B. Was strongly opposed by France 
C. Permitted the Boers to conquer the southern part of Africa from the British 
D. Left the Congo completely untouched by European powers 
ANSWER: A
British Imperialism in India 
A. Was overthrown by the Sepoy Mutiny of 1857 
B. Used Indian elites to enforce British rule, but would not give those elites a voice in running the country 
C. Had little effect on traditional Indian society and economy 
D. None of the above 
ANSWER: B
The British in India 
A. Spread democratic values as part of their rule 
B. Tried to achieve Indian economic independence, even at the coast of restricting the British economy 
C. Lived apart from the native Indians and expected the latter to adjust to British ways.
D. Attempted to establish a thoroughly integrated British-Indian society 
ANSWER: C
At the beginning of the 19th century, the Chinese government 
A. Welcomed traders and missionaries because they brought goods that China could not produce 
B. Desired better diplomatic relations with Britain and France 
C. Was seriously concerned about its naval forces, which it feared might be inferior to that of the West 
D. Was convinced that China did not need foreign trade because it produced an abundance of goods for its own markets 
ANSWER: D
China during the late 19th Century 
A. Totally defeated European invaders in the Opium and Taiping wars 
B. Underwent its own industrial revolution 
C. Suffered from both foreign invasion and domestic uprisings 
D. Was able to conquer Korea, Vietnam, and Japan 
ANSWER: C
Imperialism in China had different results from Imperialism in India because 
A. India staged a successful revolt against Britain in 1857 while China was conquered by a joint French-German expedition 
B. Although China was forced to grant concessions to European in the "Treaty Ports", government remained entirely in the hands of Chinese officials, unlike India 
C. India was forced to accept opium shipments from British-controlled territories, while Chins successfully banned the drug entirely.
D. India underwent a major industrial revolution, while China remained a traditional society 
ANSWER: B
Prior to the 19th century, Japan 
A. Was a feudal society ruled by a military governor called the shogun 
B. Had an Emperor, but he had only limited powers 
C. Was influenced strongly by Chinese culture, but maintained a sharp sense of Japanese identity 
D. All of the above 
ANSWER: D
When Japan found itself compelled to open the country up to western trade 
A. The Emperor was overthrown, establishing a republic 
B. Japan quickly developed modern western industry and even engaged in its own imperial expansion 
C. Violently resisted western influences in the boxer Rebellion 
D. None of the above 
ANSWER: B
Pick out the statement that best describes the legacy of European Imperialism 
A. Although producing benefits such as preventing local wars and abolishing slavery in Africa, imperialism promoted a condescending and often racist outlook among westerners 
B. European countries tried to introduce new, European-style industries into the countries they controlled 
C. Although destroying the political independence of non-western areas, European countries tried to introduce democratic procedures and habits into these areas 
D. Imperialists tried to respect and uphold local cultural traditions even though European culture was placing great pressure on these cultures to make major changes 
ANSWER: A
In Europe between 1870 and 1914, advances in democracy were entwined with the spread of universal public education and popular journalism that appealed to the masses.
A. True
B. False
ANSWER: A
Gladstone and the Liberal Party enacted the Second Reform bill over the objections of Disraeli and the Conservative Party.
A. True
B. False
ANSWER: B
In the first major elections under the Third Republic in France, monarchists won a majority in the Assembly.
A. True
B. False
ANSWER: A
Bismarck favored universal male suffrage in Germany because he believed this would work against German liberals.
A. True
B. False
ANSWER: A
Bismarck rejected socialist proposals for major programs of social services.
A. True
B. False
ANSWER: B
"The Peoples' Will" was a terrorist group in Russia that assassinated Alexander II.
A. True
B. False
ANSWER: A
Unskilled workers during the later 19th century tended to be more politically radical than skilled workers.
A. True
B. False
ANSWER: A
The French socialist Jean Jaurs was convinced that socialism could be established only by revolutionary violence.
A. True
B. False
ANSWER: B
The influential German socialist, Eduard Bernstein urged socialists to cooperate with capitalists to achieve immediate benefits for workers.
A. True
B. False
ANSWER: A
The Dreyfus Affair was a defeat for French republicanism.
A. True
B. False
ANSWER: B
19th century antisemitism was especially strong in Central and Eastern Europe.
A. True
B. False
ANSWER: A
Theodore Herzl, a 19th century Hungarian Jewish writer, rejected the idea of Zionism.
A. True
B. False
ANSWER: B
Emmiline Pankhurst succeeded in persuading the British Parliament to enact female suffrage on the eve of World War I.
A. True
B. False
ANSWER: B
Many early imperialists assumed that colonies in Africa and Asia would lead to a major growth of European trade to those areas.
A. True
B. False
ANSWER: A
International prestige was only a minor motive for imperialism.
A. True
B. False
ANSWER: B
The British occupation of the Cape of Good Hope set off the scramble for Africa.
A. True
B. False
ANSWER: B
In Africa, European powers respected the traditional tribal governing units.
A. True
B. False
ANSWER: B
For Britain, the great economic prize of Imperialism was India.
A. True
B. False
ANSWER: A
At the beginning of the 19th century, China had little interest in trade with Europeans.
A. True
B. False
ANSWER: A
The Boxer Rebellion in China was directed against the ruling Qing (Ch'ing) dynasty.
A. True
B. False
ANSWER: B
Quickly adopting Western technology, Japan by 1914 had become an imperialist power, defeating both China and Russia.
A. True
B. False
ANSWER: A
One of the unfortunate legacies of Imperialism was the distortion caused by making non-Western economies serve European economic needs.
A. True
B. False
ANSWER: A
