During the Late Middle Ages 
A. The population of Europe was seriously reduced by the Black Death 
B. A good food supply spurred population growth 
C. England an France were at peace 
D. The papacy was extraordinarily stable, threatened by neither schism nor heresy 
ANSWER: A
Which of the following was not a cause for the famines that struck Europe in the early 14th century 
A. An excessive growth of population 
B. Wars that killed peasants, destroyed grain, prevented harvests 
C. Too much reliance on marginal, poor-yielding lands for food 
D. Cold, damp weather that prevented proper plowing, planting, and harvesting 
ANSWER: B
The Black Death 
A. Originated in Manchuria 
B. Killed a third to a half of the European population 
C. Was transmitted by fleas 
D. All of the above 
ANSWER: D
Which of the following is not true of the Bubonic Plague and its consequences 
A. It showed that devastating diseases can move from animals to humans 
B. The disease also caused a breakdown of law and order 
C. It resulted in persecution of Jews 
D. Once the plague ended, it never returned to Europe 
ANSWER: D
An important immediate result of the Black Death was 
A. A major shortage of labor 
B. The end of the Hundred Years' War 
C. The transfer of the papacy to Avignon 
D. The Renaissance 
ANSWER: A
John Ball and Wat Tyler were 
A. Physicians who wrote about the Black Death 
B. Preachers who led the English peasant revolts in the late 14th century 
C. Important late medieval theologians 
D. None of the above 
ANSWER: B
For seventy years, the popes lived, not in Rome, but in 
A. Avignon 
B. Venice 
C. Paris 
D. Florence 
ANSWER: A
During the Avignon papacy 
A. The popes became far more religious, modeling themselves on the Franciscans 
B. The popes, cut off from their Roman revenues, made their tax collection more efficient and acted more like secular than spiritual rulers 
C. The popes completed their control over Europe, deposing several monarchs and raising new ones 
D. None of the above 
ANSWER: B
The Great Schism 
A. Started when dissenting cardinals elected a second pope, who resided at Avignon rather than at Rome 
B. Led to an increasing criticism of the medieval church for its seeming concern for money at the expense of spiritual matters 
C. Saw most persons backing the rival papal claimants choosing their side for political rather than religious reasons 
D. All of the above 
ANSWER: D
The Conciliar Movement 
A. Was an attempt to increase the level of spirituality in a declining Medieval Church 
B. Was an attempt to restore papal power to the levels achieved by Innocent III 
C. Was an attempt to end the chaos of the Great Schism, with its three rival popes 
D. Was an attempt to exalt the authority of the English Parliament above the king 
ANSWER: C
A late Medieval English critic of both the doctrines and practices of the Church was 
A. Geoffrey Chaucer 
B. Richard the Lion-Hearted 
C. Thomas Aquinas 
D. John Wycliffe 
ANSWER: D
The Hundred Years' War 
A. Led to an English triumph over France because of the crushing English military victories at Crcy and Agincourt 
B. Led to a major French triumph, with the English confined only to the coastal city of Calais 
C. Led to the Great Schism because France and England deliberately set up favorable popes in their own territories 
D. Led to the development of religious heresies because the war disrupted Church life, making the Inquisition ineffective 
ANSWER: B
The Black Prince 
A. Probably received that title because of the color of his armor 
B. Was the eldest son of the king of France 
C. Was killed fighting in Spain 
D. Ultimately ruled England as Edward IV 
ANSWER: A
By 1428, England seemed to be on the verge of complete victory in the Hundred Years' War because 
A. Joan of Arc had defected from the French to the English side 
B. The king of France, defeated at Agincourt, had promised that the son of Henry V of England should be the next king of France 
C. The duke of Burgundy, the most powerful supporter of the king of France, had been killed in battle 
D. None of the above 
ANSWER: B
The Wars of the Roses 
A. Took place in France after the Hundred Years' War 
B. Led to the triumph of the feudal nobility over the crown 
C. Led to Henry Tudor becoming king of England as Henry VII 
D. All of the above 
ANSWER: C
Which of the following is not true about the Nominalist philosophy of William of Ockham? 
A. It became the most popular philosophy taught in the universities, the self-proclaimed "modern way" of thinking 
B. It argued that the existence of God could not be proved by reason and that God was not bound to act in a logical manner 
C. It arose in support of the heretical ideas of Wycliffe and Hus 
D. It rejected scholastic philosophy as a waste of time 
ANSWER: C
The first great vernacular author of the Middle Ages, Dante, composed the 
A. Decameron 
B. Summa Theologica 
C. Canterbury Tales 
D. Divine Comedy 
ANSWER: D
Dante's Divine Comedy has been considered 
A. A medieval work because it incorporates both Aristotelian philosophy and the theology of Thomas Aquinas 
B. A departure from the medieval world because Dante was a layman expressing his view of the theology of salvation 
C. An anticipation of the classicism of the Renaissance because his guide to salvation was the Latin poet Virgil 
D. All of the above 
ANSWER: D
Of the following literary and artistic figures of the Late Middle Ages, choose the only correct match of person and work 
A. Dante-a great Flemish painter, known for portrayals combining amazing realism with Medieval symbolism 
B. Boccaccio-Author of the Divine Comedy, a literary masterpiece influenced by Scholastic theology and Aristotelian philosophy 
C. Chaucer-English author of the Canterbury Tales, which provide a revealing look at Fourteenth Century society 
D. Jan van Eyck-author of the Decameron, a collection of tales told by Florentines living in a rural villa to escape the Black Death 
ANSWER: C
Genghis Khan was 
A. The Ottoman leader who conquered Constantinople 
B. The Mongol leader who united many tribes and conquered large parts of Asia 
C. The founder of the Moscow state 
D. A late Medieval heretic 
ANSWER: B
Which of the following was not a policy of Kublai Khan? 
A. He proclaimed himself emperor of China, founder of the Yuan Dynasty 
B. He employed non-Chinese officials, including Marco Polo 
C. He established his capital at what is now Beijing, then called Ta-tu or Khanbalik 
D. He promoted the cultural assimilation between his Chinese subjects and their Mongol overlords 
ANSWER: D
A new Moslem empire of the 14th century and beyond, based in Asia Minor and conquering much of the Balkans was that of the 
A. Ottomans 
B. Mongols 
C. Arabs 
D. Abbasids 
ANSWER: A
The Ottoman Empire ruled over a large area that included all or most of the territory of several previous empires. Choose the incorrect empire on this list 
A. The Assyrian Empire 
B. The Byzantine Empire 
C. The Holy Roman Empire 
D. The Egyptian Empire 
ANSWER: C
The victorious Ottoman sultan, Mehemed II, conquered 
A. The Mongol Empire 
B. The Byzantine Empire 
C. The Crusader States 
D. The Holy Roman Empire 
ANSWER: B
All of the following are true about the rise of Moscow except 
A. Ivan I made himself wealthy by collecting the Mongol tribute within Russia 
B. Ivan III by a victory over the Mongols in 1480, effectively ended Mongol domination over most of Russia 
C. Ivan III extended his dominions into central Europe 
D. Ivan III married the niece of the last Byzantine emperor and regarded himself and the successor of the Byzantine emperors 
ANSWER: C
The Black Death of 1348-1350 killed a third to a half of the European population.
A. True
B. False
ANSWER: A
Jews were often blamed for the Black Death.
A. True
B. False
ANSWER: A
The Black Death led to a major, destabilizing, labor surplus in Europe.
A. True
B. False
ANSWER: B
Late 14th century Europe saw several major peasant revolts.
A. True
B. False
ANSWER: A
During the first three quarters of the 14th century, the popes lived in Avignon, on the Rhone river, rather than in Rome.
A. True
B. False
ANSWER: A
The Council of Constance failed to end the Great Schism.
A. True
B. False
ANSWER: B
John Wycliffe, an Oxford theologian, criticized the Avignon papacy for being too spiritual, not devoting enough energy to important secular affairs.
A. True
B. False
ANSWER: B
England won all the great battles of the Hundred Years' War--Crcy, Poitiers, Agincourt--but still lost the war.
A. True
B. False
ANSWER: A
By 1380 Edward III of England ruled half of France.
A. True
B. False
ANSWER: B
The Black Prince received his nickname because of his unchivalrous reputation.
A. True
B. False
ANSWER: B
The Hundred Years' War resulted in a major weakening of French royal power.
A. True
B. False
ANSWER: B
William of Ockham argued that if two alternative explanations for the same phenomenon existed, the more complex explanation was correct.
A. True
B. False
ANSWER: B
There has been a real controversy among scholars whether Dante should be considered an almost perfect medieval writer or an example that new, non-medieval ideas were at work.
A. True
B. False
ANSWER: A
There was little criticism of the medieval church in Chaucer's Canterbury Tales.
A. True
B. False
ANSWER: B
Flemish painters such as Jan Van Eyck were able to use the new technique of oil painting to produce realistic detail.
A. True
B. False
ANSWER: A
Genghis Khan, although a brutal conqueror, introduced a writing system for the Mongol language and promulgated a law code for the Mongols.
A. True
B. False
ANSWER: A
The Byzantine Empire was able to hold off the aggressions of the Ottoman Empire.
A. True
B. False
ANSWER: B
According to the text, Suleiman the Magnificent, took the Ottoman Empire to the height of its power.
A. True
B. False
ANSWER: A
Ivan III of Russia took the title of "Tsar" or Caesar after his conquest of the Byzantine Empire.
A. True
B. False
ANSWER: B
