2. Pressure release is caused by the

uplift of rock and its expansion which results in joints perpendicular to the surface.
expansion of rock followed by uplifting results in joints parallel to the surface.
uplift of rock and its expansion which results in joints parallel to the surface.
expansion of rock followed by uplifting which results in exfoliation.

3. Choose the correct statement concerning exfoliation.

Exfoliation is a continuation of the process of pressure release that leads to the stripping away of layers of rock.
Exfoliation is created mainly by chemical weathering.
Exfoliation is created mainly from pressure release and mechanical weathering.
Exfoliation is created only from uplifting and mechanical weathering.

4. Ice wedging (or frost wedging)

is a type of mechanical weathering that is caused by water freezing and falling on rock.
is a type of mechanical weathering that is caused by water freezing and expanding in cracks of rock.
is a type of mechanical weathering that is caused by the sharp nature of ice.
occurs when water expands about 30% as it freezes in a crack in the rock.

5. Which of the following is not true of mechanical weathering?

It is a disintegrating process.
The resulting fragments are the same composition as the original rock.
It enhances the rate of chemical weathering.
It only occurs in mountainous regions.

6. The principle agents of chemical weathering are

water in the ground and oxygen in the air.
water in the ground and moisture in the air.
the water and oxygen in the air.
the acids created by decaying animals.

7. Which of the following is not true concerning chemical weathering?

It leads to the decomposition of most minerals.
It changes the composition of rock.
It only changes limestone and a few other sedimentary rock.
It is accomplished mainly by water that is acidic.

8. Water's widespread ability to chemically weather rock is due to (Choose the incorrect choice.)

its uniting with carbon dioxide in the air to form a weak acid.
the solubility of many minerals in pure water.
its uniting with carbon dioxide in the soil to form a weak acid.
its uniting with carbon dioxide from decaying vegetation to form a weak acid.

9. The rate and amount of chemical weathering is controlled mainly by the

amount of water available and the temperature.
amount of water available and the type of rock.
amount of water available and the topography.
temperature and the type of rock.

10. Minerals or substances that are the most stable at surface conditions, are

quartz and plagioclase feldspar.
quartz, olivine and iron oxide.
quartz and iron oxide.
olivine, plagioclase feldspar and quartz.

11. Man has accelerated chemical weathering mainly by

changing the amount of water in an area through irrigation or reservoir storage.
putting more metal on the surface to be rusted or oxidized.
putting more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
crushing rock to make gravel.

12. The most important man-made source of acid rain is from

carbon monoxide given off by automobiles.
sulfur given off by burning coal.
nitrogen oxides given off by automobiles.
nitrogen oxides given off by burning coal.

13. A good example of the importance of chemical weathering on the existence of life is demonstrated by the essential element

calcium that comes from the decomposition of the mineral apatite.
calcium that comes mainly from the decomposition of bones.
phosphorus that comes mainly from the decomposition of bones.
phosphorus that comes from the decomposition of the mineral apatite.

14. In a well-developed or mature soil, the

"A" horizon has plant humus, "B" horizon weathered matter and the "C" horizon is broken up bedrock.
"A" and "B" horizons are highly leached.
"A", "B" and "C" horizons are highly weathered.
"A" and "B" horizons have plant humus and the "C" horizon is highly weathered.

15. In the short term, the nature of all soils is determined partly by the

parent rock but in time the soil takes on characteristics created by grazing animals.
climate but in time the soil takes on characteristics created by human activity.
parent rock but in time the soil takes on characteristics of the climate.
climate but in time the soil takes on characteristics of the parent rock.

Prepared by: Mike Mitchell

Be sure to review your quizzes before taking the test.