mitc
11
qumc

Which of the following terms means that a person has met the specific requirements established by the government to legally perform certain acts?
licensure
Correct. Licensure involves meeting the educational requirements required by the government to perform certain acts on the job.
certification
Incorrect. Certification is a general term describing the process of determining whether a person has met certain predetermined standards.
registration
Incorrect. Registration entails being placed on an official list after meeting the educational and testing requirements for a specific occupation.

Which of the following types of information is generally the most reliable to use when solving a problem?
objective data
Correct. Objective data is based on what can be observed, measured, and tested.
opinions
Incorrect. Opinions may be correct, but they are not based on facts.
subjective data
Incorrect. Subjective data is based on how a person feels. This may be important, but it is not necessarily reliable.

What is the best reason for using the five-step problem-solving process?
You will increase your chances of understanding the true nature of the problem.
Correct. The first step is identifying the problem, and this requires you to look beyond the obvious.
You will always get the best solution.
Incorrect. While you will increase your chances of finding the best solution, no method can make such a guarantee.
It makes problem solving easy.
Incorrect. In fact, going through the steps may take more time and effort than making a quick decision. The quality of the answer is likely to be better.

What is the proper sequence of steps for the decision-making process?
Identify the problem, gather information, create alternatives, choose an alternative and take action, evaluate and revise as needed.
Correct. This is the proper sequence of the five-step decision-making process.
Identify the problem, create alternatives, gather information, choose an alternative and take action, evaluate and revise as needed.
Incorrect. Information must be gathered prior to creating alternatives.
Gather information, identify the problem, create alternatives, choose an alternative and take action, evaluate and revise as needed.
Incorrect. The problem must be identified before the information can be gathered.

Which of the following is an example of subjective data?
Patient states she feels nauseated.
Correct. Subjective data is reported by the patient, not observed.
Patient vomits two times.
Incorrect. This is objective data, because it can be observed and measured.
Patient has yellow color to the skin.
Incorrect. This is objective data, because it can be observed.

What is the most significant reason for the dramatic increase in the expected life span over the last 100 years in the United States?
the development of antibiotics and immunizations
Correct. The development of immunizations and antibiotics has been most significant in conquering infectious diseases, the major cause of death in the past.
improved surgical techniques
Incorrect. While these improvements have saved many lives, the major cause of death in the past was infectious diseases. These have largely been conquered by immunizations and antibiotics.
better lifestyle habits
Incorrect. While the standard of living and knowledge about good health habits have increased, the development of immunizations and antibiotics has been most significant in conquering infectious diseases, the major cause of death in the past.

The three leading causes of death of adults in the United States are:
heart disease, cancer, and stroke
Correct. Heart disease, cancer, and stroke are the three leading causes of death of adults in the United States.
heart disease, accidents, and cancer
Incorrect. Heart disease, cancer, and stroke are the three leading causes of death of adults in the United States. Accidents are a leading cause of death of children and adolescents.
AIDS, cancer, and stroke
Incorrect. While AIDS is a serious and usually fatal disease, heart disease, cancer, and stroke are the leading causes of death of adults in the United States.

Which of the following best describes the concept of wellness?
promotion of health through preventive measures and the practice of good health habits
Correct. This is the correct definition of wellness.
open heart surgery to repair clogged arteries
Incorrect. Wellness focuses on prevention, not correction after the disease process has occurred.
cosmetic surgery to appear younger
Incorrect. Wellness focuses on prevention, not elective surgery.

Which of the following is an example of a complementary therapy?
massage
Correct. Massage is not traditionally performed in conventional medical offices.
electrocardiograph (EKG or ECG)
Incorrect. EKGs are frequently performed in conventional medical offices.
blood drawn for routine tests
Incorrect. Laboratory blood draws are frequently performed in conventional medical offices.

Which of the following is the most accurate statement about ethics?
Ethics help people deal with difficult and complex problems that lack easy answers.
Correct. This is one of the main functions of ethics.
The people of the United States have a consistent ethical belief.
Incorrect. People vary widely in their ethical beliefs.
One's ethical belief is innate and not influenced by outside factors.
Incorrect. Ethical principles are influenced by one's religion, history, and experiences.

Which of the following statements is true regarding professional codes of ethics?
They all share the same purpose.
Correct. They all share the same purpose, which is to set standards of professional conduct that promote the welfare of patients and ensure a high quality of care.
You must know your own profession's code, because codes vary widely.
Incorrect. They all share the same purpose, which is to set standards of professional conduct that promote the welfare of patients and ensure a high quality of care.
They are no longer needed, because there is now an "ethical consciousness."
Incorrect. Health care workers are guided by the principles outlined in professional codes of ethics.

What should a nurse do first if he believes the hospital where he works has a policy that is not in the best interest of patients?
speak privately with his supervisor
Correct. The supervisor may be able to explain why the facility has the policy. If the employee still disagrees, the supervisor may be able to help him decide how to handle the situation.
warn his patients
Incorrect. It is unacceptable to undermine patient confidence. He should speak privately with his supervisor about his concerns.
discuss it with coworkers
Incorrect. His coworkers are not in a position to address his concerns. He should speak privately with his supervisor.

When is it legal for health care workers to perform patient care duties they have not been trained to do?
never
Correct. It is illegal for health care workers to perform patient care duties they have not been trained to do.
when there is no one else available to do them
Incorrect. It is never legal for health care workers to perform patient care duties they have not been trained to do.
when their supervisors ask them to perform the duties
Incorrect. It is never legal for health care workers to perform patient care duties they have not been trained to do, even when it is requested by a supervisor.

What does the term "gastrectomy" mean?
removal of all or part of the stomach
Correct. A gastrectomy is the removal of all or part of the stomach.
an incision into the stomach
Incorrect. A gastrostomy is an incision into the stomach.
inflammation of the stomach
Incorrect. Gastritis is inflammation of the stomach.

What does the medical abbreviation t.i.d. mean?
three times a day
Correct. The abbreviation t.i.d. means three times a day.
daily
Incorrect. The abbreviation q.d. means daily.
twice a day
Incorrect. The abbreviation b.i.d. means twice a day.

Arthr/o is the combining form for:
joint
Correct. Arthr/o is the combining form for joint.
artery
Incorrect. Arteri/o is the combining form for artery.
armpit
Incorrect. Axill/o is the combining form for armpit.

What does the medical abbreviation p.c. mean?
after meals
Correct. The abbreviation p.c. means after meals.
before meals
Incorrect. The abbreviation a.c. means before meals.
with meals
Incorrect. There is no standard abbreviation that means with meals.

Which of the following statements is true about math anxiety?
It can result in lower math test scores.
Correct. Anxiety can interfere with the ability to think clearly, even if the material is known.
It cannot be overcome.
Incorrect. Practicing techniques can assist in resolving math anxiety.
If you did not learn math in high school, it is almost impossible to learn later.
Incorrect. Math can be learned at any stage of development.

1/4 + 1/2 equals:
3/4
Correct. 1/2 is the same as 2/4, and when 2/4 is added to 1/4, the total is 3/4.
1/8
Incorrect. 1/2 is the same as 2/4, which can then be added to 1/4.
1/3
Incorrect. 1/2 is the same as 2/4, which can then be added to 1/4.

What is 2.5 multiplied by 2.5?
6.25
Correct. Good job!
6
Incorrect. This would only be correct if the question asked you to round to the nearest whole number.
7
Incorrect. Try again.

How is 3 AM written in military time?
0300
Correct. 3 AM = 0300.
1500
Incorrect. 1500 = 3 PM.
0030
Incorrect. 0030 = 12:30 AM.

Which of the following is the smallest living structure in the body?
cell
Correct. Cells are the smallest living structures in the body.
tissue
Incorrect. Tissues are made of cells, which are the smallest living structures of the body.
cytoplasm
Incorrect. Cytoplasm is a gel-like liquid inside the cell.

Which of the following body cavities are continuous?
abdominal and pelvic cavities
Correct. The abdominal and pelvic cavities are continuous.
thoracic and abdominal cavities
Incorrect. The diaphragm separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities.
posterior and anterior cavities
Incorrect. These are not continuous.

The directional term "peripheral" is best defined as:
away from the center
Correct. Peripheral is away from the center.
closer to the head
Incorrect. Closer to the head is cephalic (cranial).
farther from the reference base point
Incorrect. Farther from the reference base point is distal.

The directional term "proximal" is best defined as:
closer to the reference point
Correct. Proximal is closer to the reference point.
at the top (highest point)
Incorrect. The apex is at the top.
at the bottom (lowest point)
Incorrect. The base is at the bottom.

The study of why diseases occur and how the body changes in function in reaction to the diseases is called:
pathophysiology
Correct. Pathophysiology is the study of why diseases occur and how the body changes in function in reaction to the diseases.
physiology
Incorrect. Physiology is the study of the normal functions of an organism.
etiology
Incorrect. Etiology is the study of the causes of diseases.

If a patient is told that he has a 50% chance of surviving a surgical procedure, this is called:
a prognosis
Correct. A prognosis predicts the possible outcome.
objective data
Incorrect. Objective data is something that can be observed or tested.
a diagnostic procedure
Incorrect. Diagnostic procedures are tests that are performed to determine the diagnosis.

Bending and extending your elbow require the movement of which pair of muscles?
biceps and triceps
Correct. The biceps and triceps are involved in the movement created by bending and extending your elbow.
masseter and sternocleidomastoid
Incorrect. The masseter and sternocleidomastoid are involved in head and neck movements.
gastrocnemius and vastus lateralis
Incorrect. The gastrocnemius and vastus lateralis are muscles of the leg.

The layers of the skin from superficial to deep are correctly listed as:
epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous tissue
Correct. The epidermis is the outer layer, then the dermis, then the subcutaneous tissue.
dermis, epidermis, subcutaneous tissue
Incorrect. The dermis is the layer between the epidermis and the subcutaneous tissue.
subcutaneous tissue, epidermis, dermis
Incorrect. These are the layers from deep to superficial.

Which of the following is the normal pathway for the electrical conduction of the heart?
SA node, AV node, bundle of His, Purkinje fibers
Correct. The impulse originates in the SA node, and then follows the sequence of AV node, bundle of His, and Purkinje fibers.
AV node, SA node, bundle of His, Purkinje fibers
Incorrect. The SA node fires before the AV node, bundle of His, and Purkinje fibers.
Purkinje fibers, bundle of His, AV node, SA node
Incorrect. This is the reverse of the correct sequence.

Which of the following is the most accurate statement about the function of arteries?
They carry blood away from the heart.
Correct. Arteries carry blood away from the heart.
They carry only deoxygenated blood.
Incorrect. All the arteries--except the pulmonary arteries--carry oxygenated blood.
They carry only oxygenated blood.
Incorrect. The pulmonary arteries carry deoxygenated blood.

When a patient abducts his or her leg, he or she:
moves the leg away from the body
Correct. Abduction is movement away from the median plane of the body.
moves the leg closer to the body
Incorrect. Adduction is movement toward the median plane of the body.
moves the leg in a circular motion
Incorrect. Circumduction is movement in a circular motion.

Which of the following is an example of an age-related change to the nervous system?
increased awakenings during sleep
Correct. As one ages, there is a tendency to awaken more frequently during sleep.
improvement in response and reaction time
Incorrect. There is a lengthening in response and reaction time as one ages.
increase in balance and coordination
Incorrect. There is a decrease in balance and coordination as one ages.

A person scores 120 on an IQ test. This is an example of which type of human growth and development?
cognitive
Correct. Cognitive growth and development include intellectual processes.
physical
Incorrect. Physical growth and development refer to the growth of the body.
psychosocial
Incorrect. Psychosocial growth and development refer to psychological and social development.

Which of the following is a care consideration for a toddler?
Give only one direction at a time, and state it simply.
Correct. Giving only one direction at a time and stating it simply is a care consideration for a toddler.
Provide for privacy and some personal control.
Incorrect. This is a care consideration for a school-age child.
Give explanations, along with the rationales.
Incorrect. This is a care consideration for an adolescent.

Which of the following is a care consideration for an adolescent?
Provide privacy.
Correct. Providing privacy is a care consideration for an adolescent.
Use a firm, direct approach.
Incorrect. This is a care consideration for a toddler.
Distract and use a game approach to improve cooperation.
Incorrect. This is a care consideration for a toddler.

Which of the following is the first stage of dying that most patients experience when receiving the news that they have a terminal illness?
denial
Correct. Denial is the first stage of dying.
anger
Incorrect. Anger is the second stage of dying.
bargaining
Incorrect. Bargaining is the third stage of dying.

Most workplace injuries occur during which of the following activities?
repeating improper techniques over time
Correct. Most injuries occur from repeated mistakes.
one-time incidents
Incorrect. Most injuries occur from repeated mistakes.
standing in one place too long
Incorrect. Most injuries occur from repeated mistakes.

Body mechanics is best defined as:
correct positioning of the body for a given task
Correct. Body mechanics is the correct positioning of the body for a given task.
the science of designing and arranging things to maximize efficiency, health, and safety
Incorrect. Ergonomics is the science of designing and arranging things to maximize efficiency, health, and safety.
staying fit by exercising regularly
Incorrect. Staying fit by exercising regularly is a good preventive practice for health and safety.

Which of the following is a proper technique for standing and walking?
keeping the neck in a neutral position
Correct. This helps keep the body in proper alignment.
keeping the neck slightly forward
Incorrect. This tends to take the body out of proper alignment.
keep the neck slightly backward
Incorrect. This tends to take the body out of proper alignment.

Which of the following strategies is recommended to prevent eyestrain when working at a computer?
Adjust the contrast if necessary.
Correct. Keep the contrast at a comfortable level.
Do not use a glare screen on the monitor.
Incorrect. A glare screen is recommended.
Adjust the monitor so the top of the monitor is just above eye level.
Incorrect. The top of the monitor should be just below eye level.

What factor determines whether a microorganism is aerobic or anaerobic?
whether it requires oxygen to live
Correct. Aerobic microorganisms require oxygen to live, whereas anaerobic microorganisms do not.
the type of host they use
Incorrect. The type of host is not the determining factor.
how susceptible they are to antibiotics
Incorrect. Susceptibility to antibiotics is not the determining factor.

Medical asepsis, or clean technique, includes:
procedures to decrease the number and spread of pathogens in the environment
Correct. Medical asepsis decreases the number and spread of pathogens in the environment.
procedures to completely eliminate the presence of pathogens from objects and areas
Incorrect. The complete elimination of pathogens is surgical asepsis, or sterile technique.
procedures to increase the number of healthy organisms in the environment
Incorrect. Medical asepsis decreases the number and spread of pathogens in the environment.

Sterilization is best defined as:
agents or methods that totally destroy all microorganisms
Correct. Sterilization destroys all microorganisms.
chemical agents that are bacteriostatic
Incorrect. Antiseptics are chemical agents that are bacteriostatic.
agents or methods that destroy most bacteria and viruses
Incorrect. Disinfectants are agents or methods that destroy most bacteria and viruses.

A sterile field is best defined as:
an area that has been designated as free of microorganisms
Correct. A sterile field is an area that has been designated as free of microorganisms.
an area that has been cleaned with an antiseptic
Incorrect. An antiseptic does not kill all the microorganisms.
an area that has been cleaned with a disinfectant
Incorrect. A disinfectant does not kill all the microorganisms.

Which of the following statements is true regarding the chain of infection?
Standard Precautions are a critical factor in breaking the chain of infection.
Correct. Standard Precautions must be followed at all times.
If the chain of infection is broken, microorganisms are allowed to spread.
Incorrect. The chain of infection must be broken to prevent the spread of microorganisms.
The chain of infection only applies to the hospital environment.
Incorrect. The chain of infection is always present and must be followed in all environments.

The correct disposal of radioactive waste involves:
placing it in a special container and labeling it "radioactive"
Correct. It must be placed in a special container and labeled "radioactive."
placing it in an incinerator only
Incorrect. It must be placed in a special container and labeled "radioactive."
double-bagging it and placing it with infectious waste
Incorrect. It must be placed in a special container and labeled "radioactive."

Which of the following statements is true regarding infectious waste?
It has the potential to transmit disease.
Correct. Infectious wastes are contaminated with potential pathogens.
It can be discarded in any waste container.
Incorrect. It must be discarded in a specially labeled container.
It applies to linens only.
Incorrect. Infectious waste is not limited to linens.

Which of the following statements is true regarding triage?
It is an important part of an emergency disaster plan.
Correct. Multiple victims require triage to determine the most appropriate treatment and use of resources.
It protects health care workers from potential contamination.
Incorrect. Triage is a system for managing multiple patients.
An incident report needs to be filed.
Incorrect. Triage is a system for managing multiple patients.

Compatibility must be checked when mixing chemicals:
to verify that they can be mixed without unfavorable results
Correct. Compatibility determines whether two chemicals can be mixed safely.
to determine the weakening of chemicals that have passed their expiration date
Incorrect. Compatibility determines whether two chemicals can be mixed safely.
so the stock of chemicals can be rotated to prevent obsolesce
Incorrect. Compatibility determines whether two chemicals can be mixed safely.

