Frequently Asked Questions

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between a sprain and a strain?

Sprains are torn ligament fibers that result in a loosening joint. Strains involve the sudden tearing of muscle fibers during exertion; they are also called pulled muscles.

Are heat exhaustion and heat stroke treated the same way?

Heat exhaustion is the less severe of the heat-related conditions and can be treated by cooling the victim and replenishing him or her with fluid and electrolytes. Heat stroke is a life-threatening condition and requires calling EMS immediately. The cooling process can be initiated, but fluids should not be offered.

How do I differentiate between first-, second-, and third-degree burns?

First-degree burns are superficial and only involve the top layer of skin (epidermis); second-degree burns go beyond the superficial layer to the dermis; and third-degree burns extend through the skin and into the underlying tissues. It is not always clear exactly what degree of burn has occurred; the same burn area may contain all three degrees.

How can I best protect myself when assisting in an emergency situation?

Always be alert to your surroundings and to any potential threats; never attempt anything that will put you in danger; follow Standard Precautions; do only what you know and have been trained to do; call for assistance; and enlist the help of others as needed.