The ability to govern oneself, make independent decisions, control one's 
feelings, and choose one's values are all part of the development of 


A. autonomy. 


B. independence. 


C. individualism. 


D. self-esteem. 


E.


Answer: A 
According to the text, constructive autonomy usually is achieved through 



A. rebelling from parental figures. 


B. rejecting parental figures. 


C. risk-taking behavior. 


D. remaining connected to parents. 


E.


Answer: D 
In the last few years, 17-year-old John has felt as though he depends less on 
his parents and relies on his own experiences and concerns. What type of autonomy 
has John developed? 

A. individual autonomy 


B. emotional autonomy 


C. behavioral autonomy 


D. values autonomy 


E.


Answer: B 
Which of the following is NOT one of the three types of autonomy? 



A. individual autonomy 


B. emotional autonomy 


C. behavioral autonomy 


D. values autonomy 


E.


Answer: A 
Johanna and her parents are arguing about what time Johanna needs to come home 
tonight after the movies. This type of argument reflects a disagreement over which 
type of autonomy? 

A. individual 


B. emotional 


C. behavioral 


D. values 


E.


Answer: C 
Which form of autonomy is concerned with the ability to make judgments and 
choices about personal beliefs and principles? 


A. individual autonomy 


B. emotional autonomy 


C. behavioral autonomy 


D. values autonomy 


E.


Answer: D 
Most parent-adolescent conflicts revolve around which type of autonomy? 



A. individual 


B. emotional 


C. behavioral 


D. values 


E.


Answer: C 
Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the development of 
autonomy? 


A. The development of autonomy occurs only during adolescence. 


B. Autonomy is a core issue during adolescence partially because of puberty. 


C. As adolescents begin to look more mature, parents are likely to grant them more 
autonomy. 

D. As adolescents perceive changes in how they are treated by others, they begin 
to feel ready for greater responsibility and autonomy. 

E.


Answer: A 
According to the text, which type of parenting is likely to lead to the 
development of an adolescent's autonomy? 


A. authoritarian parenting 


B. permissive parenting 


C. supportive parenting 


D. punitive parenting 


E.


Answer: C 
Which of the following does NOT enhance constructive autonomy? 



A. when adolescents are encouraged to express their own ideas 


B. when adolescents' privacy is respected 


C. when caregivers back away from their adolescent and do not spend as much time 
with him or her 

D. when adolescents are inspired to plan for the future 


E.


Answer: C 
Which of the following accurately reflects the changes that have occurred in 
the attitudes about premarital sex during the last few decades? 


A. Adolescents and adults had been more accepting of premarital sex until the 
when a rise in conservatism made premarital sex less acceptable. 

B. Adolescents and adults are more accepting of premarital sex, and this trend 
continues despite the rise of conservatism in the 1990s. 

C. Adolescents and adults were more accepting of premarital sex during the 1960s 
and 1970s than they had ever been. 

D. Attitudes of adolescents and adults about premarital sex have remained nearly 
the same over the last few decades. 

E.


Answer: B 
By the age of 20 years, what percentage of males and females have had sex? 



A. 60% 


B. 70% 


C. 80% 


D. 90% 


E.


Answer: C 
Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding gender differences and 
first intercourse? 


A. Traditionally, boys were much more likely than girls to have sex during 
adolescence and that trend remains the same today. 

B. Traditionally, girls were much more likely than boys to have sex during 
adolescence and that trend remains the same today. 

C. Traditionally, boys were much more likely than girls to have sex during 
adolescence, but this trend is disappearing. 

D. Traditionally, girls were much more likely than boys to have sex during 
adolescence, but this trend is disappearing. 

E.


Answer: C 
Recent evidence indicates that --------% of high school girls are sexually 
active. 


A. 20 


B. 30 


C. 40 


D. 50 


E.


Answer: C 
What percentage of teenage girls have four or more partners? 



A. 13% 


B. 18% 


C. 23% 


D. 28% 


E.


Answer: A 
Of the following family members, who is MOST likely to talk about sex? 



A. mother and son 


B. father and son 


C. mother and daughter 


D. father and daughter 


E.


Answer: C 
Which of the following statements is NOT true about sexual behavior and 
social scripts? 


A. Male sexual behavior is less intimate than female sexual behavior. 


B. Male sexual behavior is based more on physical gratification than female sexual 
behavior. 

C. Female sexual behavior is more likely to begin with masturbation than male 
sexual behavior. 

D. Female sexual behavior is directed more toward intimacy than male sexual 
behavior. 

E.


Answer: C 
Social expectations differ for boys and girls. These differences reflect the 



A. social standard. 


B. social interpretation. 


C. double interpretation. 


D. double standard. 


E.


Answer: D 
Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the double standard of 
social expectations for boys and girls about sexual attitudes and behaviors? 


A. The double standard is increasing. 


B. The double standard is decreasing. 


C. The double standard is not changing. 


D. The double standard constantly fluctuates and is difficult to interpret. 


E.


Answer: B 
Which of the following accurately describes the change in the use of condoms 
in the last 30 years? 


A. Condom use has declined by 25% in the last 30 years. 


B. Condom use has remained the same in the last 30 years. 


C. Condom use has increased by 25% in the last 30 years. 


D. Condom use has increased by 50% in the last 30 years. 


E.


Answer: D 
Which of the following is TRUE regarding adolescent-female contraceptive use? 



A. Younger females are more likely to use condoms, whereas older adolescent 
females are more likely to use the birth control pill. 

B. Older females are more likely to use condoms, whereas younger adolescent 
females are more likely to use the birth control pill. 

C. Younger females are more likely to use a diaphragm, whereas older adolescent 
females are more likely to use the birth control pill. 

D. Younger females are more likely to use condoms, whereas older adolescent 
females are more likely to use a diaphragm. 

E.


Answer: A 
According to the text, what is the MOST common reason adolescents give for 
not using birth control? 


A. They are unaware that birth control exists. 


B. They do not believe that they will become pregnant. 


C. They feel awkward buying birth control. 


D. They don't like how sex feels when using birth control. 


E.


Answer: B 
According to the available research, emphasis on abstinence as a form of 
birth control is 


A. an effective strategy. 


B. completely unrealistic. 


C. has been found to reduce unwanted teen pregnancies. 


D. unlikely to work because teens are unlikely to be abstinent once they become 
sexually active. 

E.


Answer: D 
What percentage of teenagers reported that they used drugs or alcohol during 
their last sexual experience. 


A. 15% 


B. 25% 


C. 35% 


D. 45% 


E.


Answer: B 
Since 1990, teen pregnancy rates 



A. have dropped. 


B. have remained the same. 


C. have doubled. 


D. have tripled. 


E.


Answer: A 
According to research on the relationship between childhood sexual abuse and 
teen pregnancy, children who were sexually abused 


A. are less likely to become pregnant as teenagers. 


B. are not more likely to become pregnant as teenagers. 


C. are more likely to become pregnant as teenagers. 


D. are more likely to become pregnant as teenagers but are less likely to give 
birth. 

E.


Answer: B 
Which of the following is true about teen pregnancy rates and teen birthrates 
in the United States? 


A. Every 3 seconds an adolescent becomes pregnant, and every 13 seconds an 
adolescent gives birth. 

B. Every 12 seconds an adolescent becomes pregnant, and every 15 seconds an 
adolescent gives birth. 

C. Every 26 seconds an adolescent becomes pregnant, and every 56 seconds an 
adolescent gives birth. 

D. Every 60 seconds an adolescent becomes pregnant, and every 87 seconds an 
adolescent gives birth. 

E.


Answer: C 
Which of the following countries has the highest adolescent birthrate? 



A. Armenia 


B. United States 


C. Bosnia 


D. England 


E.


Answer: A 
Of the following countries, which has the lowest adolescent birthrate? 



A. United States 


B. Japan 


C. France 


D. Germany 


E.


Answer: B 
What percent of teen pregnancies actually result in the birth of a child? 



A. 26% 


B. 36% 


C. 46% 


D. 56% 


E.


Answer: D 
What percent of teen pregnancies end in abortion? 



A. 10% 


B. 20% 


C. 30% 


D. 40% 


E.


Answer: C 
Which of the following is a pregnant adolescent mother LEAST likely to do? 



A. give birth 


B. have an abortion 


C. place the infant for adoption 


D. raise the child 


E.


Answer: C 
Pauline is 16 years old and has just found out she is pregnant. What chance 
is there that she will become pregnant again as a teenager? 


A. 15% 


B. 25% 


C. 50% 


D. 65% 


E.


Answer: C 
Approximately what percentage of pregnant teens fail to receive adequate 
prenatal care? 


A. 15% 


B. 25% 


C. 33% 


D. 50% 


E.


Answer: C 
Lisa is a pregnant teen. During one of her monthly check-ups at the doctor, 
she asked Dr. Lima about health problems for pregnant teens. According to the 
research evidence, Dr. Lima likely told her that 

A. pregnant teenagers are so healthy that they have less chances of being sick or 
having miscarriages than women who are older. 

B. pregnant teenagers are healthy and do not need prenatal care. 


C. pregnant teenagers should avoid exercise in order to have a healthy baby. 


D. pregnant teenagers are more likely to have problems during pregnancy and 
delivery than older mothers. 

E.


Answer: D 
According to the text, what percentage of males become fathers by the age of 



A. 22% 


B. 28% 


C. 35% 


D. 40% 


E.


Answer: B 
Which of the following is NOT true about the characteristics of adolescent 
parenting? 


A. Adolescent parents are less knowledgeable about child development than adult 
parents. 

B. Adolescent parents are more interactive with their infants than adult parents. 


C. Adolescent parents are more negative in attitudes about parenting than adult 
parents. 

D. Adolescent parents are more anxious and frustrated in parenting than adult 
parents. 

E.


Answer: B 
According to research, the problems associated with teen parenting may be the 
product of 


A. psychological problems of the teen. 


B. socioeconomic issues. 


C. mental retardation. 


D. permissive parenting. 


E.


Answer: B 
A local group of researchers has developed a sex education program. Of the 
following people, who is likely to benefit the most from the program? 


A. Leroy, who has multiple partners and claims not to know too much about 
contraception 

B. Caroline, who is 15 years old, has one partner, and uses condoms 


C. Bruce, who is 18 and has an STD 


D. Mikalya, who is 14 years old and has never had sex 


E.


Answer: D 
Brian is a male and dates Holly, a female. Ashley is a female and dates Kari, 
a female. Brian is -------- and Ashley is --------. 


A. homosapian; heterosapian 


B. heterosapian; homosapian 


C. homosexual; heterosexual 


D. heterosexual; homosexual 


E.


Answer: D 
What percentage of the population classifies themselves as gay or lesbian? 



A. 0%-5% 


B. 5%-10% 


C. 10%-15% 


D. 15%-20% 


E.


Answer: B 
-------- behavior refers to a syndrome of multiple behavior problems. 



A. Externalizing 


B. Internalizing 


C. Delinquent 


D. Risk-taking 


E.


Answer: D 
Aggression, truancy, and substance abuse are examples of 



A. externalizing behavior problems. 


B. internalizing behavior problems. 


C. status offenses. 


D. attachment behavior problems. 


E.


Answer: A 
Depression, withdrawal, and anxiety are examples of 



A. externalizing behavior problems. 


B. internalizing behavior problems. 


C. status offenses. 


D. attachment behavior problems. 


E.


Answer: B 
Since 1995, the rates of violent crime among juveniles has 



A. decreased. 


B. remained the same. 


C. increased slightly. 


D. more than doubled. 


E.


Answer: A 
Sixteen-year-old Willa was picked up by the police for skipping out of 
school. Willa's arrest is a type of 


A. status offense. 


B. minor offense. 


C. maturity violation. 


D. age violation. 


E.


Answer: A 
During which age period is the rate of depression at its greatest? 



A. late childhood 


B. early adolescence 


C. middle adolescence 


D. late adolescence 


E.


Answer: D 
Dr. Estrada is a specialist in childhood depression. Dr. Estrada only sees 
patients who are under 12 years of age. On the basis of what you have learned in 
the text, how many boys and girls is Dr. Estrada likely to see? 

A. the same number of boys and girls 


B. 25% more girls than boys 


C. 35% more girls than boys 


D. 50% more girls than boys 


E.


Answer: A 
Which of the following individuals is LEAST likely to experience depression? 



A. Janice, who has just started dating 


B. Willy, who has recently switched schools due to a family move 


C. Maria, who is 15 years old and never left her small town 


D. Matthew, whose parents just told him that they are going to get a divorce 


E.


Answer: C 
Which of the following is the MOST commonly used and abused substance by 
adolescents? 


A. alcohol 


B. marijuana 


C. crack cocaine 


D. heroin 


E.


Answer: A 
What percentage of teens engage in heavy or binge drinking? 



A. 10% 


B. 25% 


C. 33% 


D. 50% 


E.


Answer: C 
Alcohol is thought to play a role in --------% of automobile fatalities among 
adolescents. 


A. 10 


B. 20 


C. 30 


D. 40 


E.


Answer: D 
How many teenagers start smoking each day? 



A. as many as 1,000 


B. as many as 3,000 


C. as many as 10,000 


D. as many as 12,000 


E.


Answer: B 
Smokers usually begin to smoke by what age? 



A. 13 years 


B. 17 years 


C. 20 years 


D. 25 years 


E.


Answer: C 
Which of the following is NOT considered a factor that increases the 
likelihood of adolescent tobacco use? 


A. low socioeconomic status 


B. poor self-esteem 


C. parents who are against smoking 


D. low academic achievement 


E.


Answer: C 
Which of the following accurately reflects the trend in adolescent marijuana 
use since 1990? 


A. Marijuana use has decreased by 25%. 


B. Marijuana use has remained the same. 


C. Marijuana use has increased by 30%. 


D. Marijuana use has increased by more than 100%. 


E.


Answer: D 
Which of the following illicit drugs has shown the most dramatic increase in 
usage among teens? 


A. heroin 


B. LSD 


C. tranquilizers 


D. ecstasy 


E.


Answer: D 
Seventeen-year-old Joe is in jail for getting caught with drugs. When asked 
why he uses drugs, Joe is most likely to answer that 


A. he is stressed. 


B. he likes to rebel. 


C. he is having family problems. 


D. it makes him feel good. 


E.


Answer: D 
What is the MOSTS frequent reason that adolescents give for not using drugs? 



A. They don't want to disappoint their parents. 


B. Using drugs could decrease their school performance. 


C. Drugs are not accepted in their peer groups. 


D. They are afraid of getting caught. 


E.


Answer: D 
According to the longitudinal study by Shelder and Block (1990), which of the 
following is NOT a true statement regarding adolescent drug use? 


A. Most adolescent drug use is experimental and is not related to long-term 
problems. 

B. Adolescents who use drugs frequently are more likely to be maladjusted. 


C. Adolescents who had some experimentation with drugs were found to be well-
adjusted. 

D. Adolescents who had never experimented with drugs were found to be the best 
adjusted and have the best social skills. 

E.


Answer: D 
Myra was an adolescent in the 1950s. Her daughter Liz is an adolescent in the 
How likely is it that Liz works as an adolescent compared to Myra? 


A. Liz and Myra are equally likely to work during their adolescence. 


B. Liz is slightly more likely than Myra to work as an adolescent. 


C. Liz is twice as likely as Myra to work as an adolescent. 


D. Liz is three times as likely as Myra to work as an adolescent. 


E.


Answer: C 
Working -------- hours a week appears to be the critical number for teens; 
working less than this appears to have positive outcomes and working more than 
this appears to have negative outcomes. 

A. 10 


B. 15 


C. 20 


D. 25 


E.


Answer: C 
Which of the following is NOT true about adolescents in the United States 
with jobs? 


A. They are less likely to have behavior problems than adolescents without jobs. 


B. They are less likely to do well in school than adolescents without jobs. 


C. They are more likely to argue with their parents than adolescents without jobs. 


D. They get less sleep than adolescents without jobs. 


E.


Answer: A 
What percentage of teens have adjustment problems? 



A. 10% 


B. 15% 


C. 20% 


D. 25% 


E.


Answer: C 
Which of the following is TRUE about behavior problems? 



A. Behavior problems that develop in adolescence are not different than behavior 
problems that develop in childhood. 

B. Behavior problems that develop during adolescence are often more serious than 
behavior problems that develop in childhood. 

C. Behavior problems that develop in childhood are often more serious than 
behavior problems that develop during adolescence. 

D. Behavior problems that develop during late adolescence are the most serious 
types of behavior problems and usually do not go away through adulthood. 

E.


Answer: C 
Adolescents' ability to effectively cope with the demands of adolescence is 
greatly influenced by their 


A. relationships with others. 


B. intelligence. 


C. ability to earn money. 


D. risk-taking behavior. 


E.


Answer: A