Judges:

-Loose Confederation of Tribes:
*with occasional military/political
leaders
*variety in how much power and
authority judges had
*vulnerable to attack

-Moved to Monarchy:
3 Major Kings:(Kings of United Israel)
1.Saul
2.David
3.Solomon(son of David)-Reheboam

-The Kingdom Splits After Solomon:

Jereboam:
Reheboam(Solomon’s son):
(popular leader) Judah
Israel (Southern
kingdom)
(Northern kingdom) 1-2 tribes:
Judah and Benjamin

-God speaks through Samuel:
*God says he is the people’s king, why
do they need a human king?
*God is angry, tells the people:
*The king will tax you
*You will be a soldier or a servant

-Saul Chosen as The First King:
*God chooses Saul, but Saul is
reluctant and hides from God
*Saul is tall and handsome
*Saul has a problem with obedience
-Saul is “Fired” as King:
*Saul is insaboardinate
*Saul sacrifices to God without
Samuel(priest and prophet)
*Usurps from the priests(Levites-only
the Levites(priests) are allowed to
make sacrifices.
*Samuel arrives, tells Saul that God will
reject him as king of Israel
*Saul botches the Amalekite
genocide(corporate responsibility
“Amalek”-
God deals with people in
groups),doesn’t kill all of the Amalekites
*Saul instead, brings back the king of
the Amalekites and makes a
spectacle of him
*Saul also brings back the livestock
*Samuel comes back, questions Saul
*Saul lies, Samuel tells Saul again that
God will reject him as king
*Saul tears Samuel’s cloak as he walks
away
*Saul visits the medium at
Endor(1Samuel 28)has the medium
conger
Samuel
*Saul commits suicide to avoid torture
and humiliation by the Philistines,
who he was fighting with.
Note: There was no after life noted in
early Judaism(2000-4000 BC),
Possible exceptions would be
Daniel 12 (2nd Century BC).
The belief is that the dead are
unconscious, they rest in the grave
(Sheol).

-King David “A Man After God’s Own
Heart”
*Powerful and charismatic leader
*Expansionist-expanded Israel’s
territory
*Promised everlasting Dynasty
(2Samuel 7:10)
*Type of the Messiah(a military leader
who would defeat Israel’s enemies
and rule over a secure kingdom)
(1Samuel 7)
*coming through Nathan, a
prophet(person who God speaks through
to
deliver messages, generally to leaders
of Israel)
*Refers to Solomon(later applied to
future messiah)
-David Commits Adultery:
*David puts Uriah the
Hittite(Bathsheba’s husband) in the front
lines,
where he is killed.
*David takes Bathsheba for his own
*Nathan tells David the story of the
Lamb, a story analogous to David’s
murder of Uriah the Hittite and aldultery.
*David repents
-David’s Punishment:
*David’s first child is killed
*Political Rebellion(Abshalom begins)
*Humiliation of his son Abshalom
sleeping with David’s wives
*Abshalom is killed

Jereboam and Reheboam:
1.Saul
2.David
3.Solomon

4. Jereboam: Reheboam:
Israel Judah
10 tribes 2 tribes:
Judah & Benjamin
Northern Israel conquered Judah
conquered by Babylonia
by Asyria, assimilated, resettles
after a “captivity” period
some went back to Judah (586 BC)
later on(722 BC)
Babylonians are conquered by the Medo-
Persians,
Judah is allowed to return
Greeks
conquer the Medo-Persians, Romans
conquer the
Greeks, 70 AD- Diaspora aka
“scattling”.
Jewish revolt against Romans,
Jew are
scattered to the 4 corners of the
Earth. Israel
is not a country again until
1948.