Announcements: Start Chapter 16 for Tuesday
Bumper sticker of the day: "Why choose the lesser of two evils. Satan for president."

Internalism
-foundationalism
-Coherentism

Justification is a matter or "reflective access" to convincing reason

Reflective Access, -have to be able to call to mind what the reasons are if you think about it

Foundationalism, -"good" reason
Coherentism, -"convincing" reason

Normative theory/concept:
I am justified in believing X
= I have a right to believe X
= a reasonable person would believe X
I did my moral epistemic duty with regard to X

Externalism
-Reliablism

Reflective access to justifying reason are NOT necessary for justification

Justification comes from ones beliefs being formed by a reliable (truth-conductive) process
ei. idiot/autistic savant
Able to tell you what day of the week any date in history fell on. Can't tell you how he does it. There is no reflective access
Externalist- yes, it’s reliable
Internalist- no, no reflective access

ei. Supposed real psychics
(someone with "good instincts"
ei. Plane crash victims
While recovering in hospital say Mr. Jones would die at 5:23.
Is reliable first time?
Some add internalist constraint -you must KNOW process is reliable

Normative Concept
Internalism, because it is normative seems to require control of beliefs
Direct -any logical, mathematical, sensory, even historical belief seem out of our direct control
(more control over uncertain)
(predisposed to believe what you've been conditioned to believe)
Indirect -careful investigation of evidence
-often simply attempt to rationalize pre-existing beliefs
-People gravitate toward experiences which reinforce beliefs
-books
-friends

ei. David Brock
Books: "The real Anita Hill"
"Blinded by the right"

Right wing homosexual, either one belief had to go

Non-Rational Influences on belief
-Need for conformity
-Planet of apes cast
-group of primates would eat with like kind