Ontological argument: There will be a question or two on Malcolm's version (pages 166-167 Palmer) Either God's existence is necessary or impossible. think of a concept either God exist or he doesn't. God's existence is not impossible (the concept makes sense - logically coherent.
Cosmological argument
Cosmos + world
God is the best explanation for the existence of the world (page 169 Palmer) Aquinas
A child ask where did I come from parent says mom and dad, where do did you come from mom and dad? from earth, where does earth come from? Big bang theory.
Aquinas says it does not matter what you call it.
1-3 in Aquinas argument.
= = Cosmos argument. 2. causal and 3 contingency
Criticisms of Causal argument
1. Infinite - - - not logically contradictory
2. is the first cause "God" (Judea, Xian concept)
3. How do we know the first cause exist now
Aristotle: God is thinking , thinking, thinking about thinking.
Contingency Argument: not necessary, not impossible.
might have existed, might not have existed,
- nothing last forever
- each thing last some temporary amount of time
- given infinite time, everything would last
But something exist now, so there must be a being which keeps things in existence

As long as creation is going on at the same rate as destruction- there will always be a Universe
Treats existence as any amount of time -
everything would be gone by now so there must be a being which keeps things in existence
Composition: fallacy - applies to causal
contingency argues - part of the whole
Scientist: By watching the doppler effect they can tell that other galaxies are moving away from us
(big Crunch) Carl Sagan's "Oscillation Universe Theory
Test will cover up to 192 in Palmer