Prof. Borrowdale's definition of Philosophy:
"An attempt to come to a systematic
understanding of the world through the
use of reason."

1. Metaphysics=> "Theory of Reality"=>very
broad term.
Ontology- Different name for
metaphysics.
a.Metaphysics comes after the physics/nature
which comes from Plato.

2. Epistemology=> Theory of knowledge.

3. Ethics=> What things are right and wrong,
good and evil.

4. Aesthetics=> Theory of art.

5. Logic=> Values

~How would you justify a religious belief with Epistemology.
~Maybe science doesn't give us the truth
about the world.

*The Mind - Body Problem*
~Idealism view - Everything is mental or
spiritual. (Philosophers Berkeley,
Hagel, and the religion Hinduism
follow this).
~Materialism view - Everything is
physical, no such thing as a soul.
(Philosophers Taylor, Skinner, and
Russell follow by this).
*Both Idealism and Materialism are Monism*
~Dualism view - There are both mental and
physical substances. (Philosophers
Descartes, Plato, Religions: Judaism,
Christianity).

Is conscience part of the body?

Dualist answer to Mind - Body Problem:
Cartesian Interactionism, mind and body
interacting in the pineal [Brain Gland].
The brain is an interface between Mind,
Soul, Self, Person, Spirit.=> Thoughts,
ideas, beliefs, questions=> MIND

"You know that you exist as a mind just by
thinking."

Body - matter - Occupies space, size, shape, mass, location, in motion, or at rest.

"I think, therefore, I am."
I exist
G-d exists
G-d is good and is no deceiver
Therefore if it seems a material world exists, it does.

*Objections*
1. Locates interactions in the pineal
gland,(brain where the mind is.
2. Ghost in the machine objection.