551.  The League of Nations 



A. a) proved to be an obstruction to Hitler's goals of conquest 


B. b) prevented the Japanese takeover of Manchuria 


C. c) condemned Hitler's decision to rearm Germany 


D. d) none of the above 


E.


Answer: C 
552.  Which of the following best characterizes Hitler's foreign policy? 



A. a) he was an opportunist who wanted to restore Germany to its 1914 borders 


B. b) he carefully followed a blueprint for vast conquests set down early in his career 


C. c) he used opportunistic tactics to attain a preconceived goal of vast conquests 


D. d) he said Germany was a satisfied power and he meant it 


E.


Answer: C 
553.  Mein Kampf 



A. a) was Hitler's formula for war against Europe 


B. b) is Hitler's autobiography 


C. c) was the term for Hitler's policy against the Jews 


D. d) none of the above 


E.


Answer: B 
554.  Lebensraum refers to 



A. a) living space for the growing German nation 


B. b) the name for the policy of remilitarization of the Rhineland 


C. c) the superiority of the Aryan race 


D. d) the annexation of France 


E.


Answer: A 
555.  When Hitler announced his intention to rearm Germany, 



A. a) the League of Nations formally condemned the action 


B. b) France and Britain were hostile 


C. c) nothing was done to prevent it 


D. d) all of the above 


E.


Answer: D 
556.  Italy attacked Ethiopia in 1935 in order to 



A. a) divert Italian attention from Fascist corruption and mishandling of the economy 


B. b) avenge an earlier humiliation 


C. c) have access to the oil fields in North Africa 


D. d) both A and B 


E.


Answer: D 
557.  The British and French reaction to Mussolini's invasion of Ethiopia was 



A. a) to condemn the action formally 


B. b) to vote to place an embargo on oil to Italy 


C. c) to prevent the movement of Italian troops through the Suez Canal 


D. d) both A and C 


E.


Answer: A 
558.  Why did the British and French not prevent Hitler's remilitarization of Rhineland? 



A. a) British opinion would not permit any support for France 


B. b) both countries were weakened by a growing pacifism 


C. c) the French were paralyzed by internal division 


D. d) all of the above 


E.


Answer: D 
559.  When Hitler remilitarized the Rhineland in 1936, he broke which treaty(ies)? 



A. a) Locarno Agreements 


B. b) Versailles Treaty and the Locarno Agreements 


C. c) Matignon Accords 


D. d) Enabling Act and the Versailles Treaty 


E.


Answer: B 
560.  The policy of appeasement was based on the assumption that Germany 



A. a) was guilty as charged in the Treaty of Versailles 


B. b) sincerely intended to live by the terms of the Weimar constitution 


C. c) had real grievances and that Hitler's goals were limited 


D. d) none of the above 


E.


Answer: C 
561.  The Spanish Civil War 



A. a) was fought between the forces of Communism and Fascism 


B. b) resulted in a republican victory led by Francisco Franco 


C. c) brought Germany and Italy closer together 


D. d) was just a small war of little consequence and affected Europe very little 


E.


Answer: C 
562.  Which general led the rebellion against the Spanish republic in 1936? 



A. a) Juan Carlos 


B. b) Francisco Franco 


C. c) Jose Catalan 


D. d) Benito Juarez 


E.


Answer: B 
563.  Which country supported the republican forces with military aid in the Spanish Civil War? 



A. a) Soviet Union 


B. b) United States 


C. c) Great Britain 


D. d) France 


E.


Answer: A 
564.  The Anschluss referred to the 



A. a) union of Germany and Austria 


B. b) invasion of the Sudetenland 


C. c) invasion of the Rhineland 


D. d) invasion of Poland 


E.


Answer: A 
565.  The Sudetenland was 



A. a) in Yugoslavia 


B. b) another name for Austria 


C. c) that area of Poland which contained Germans 


D. d) none of the above 


E.


Answer: D 
566.  The Anschluss was 



A. a) another clear violation of Versailles 


B. b) especially threatening to the security of Czechoslovakia and France 


C. c) the result of a plebiscite held in Austria 


D. d) both A and B 


E.


Answer: D 
567.  Czechoslovakia 



A. a) was created as a check on the power of the Soviet Union 


B. b) acted as a buffer for Austria 


C. c) was allied to the Soviet Union 


D. d) had a majority German population in the cities 


E.


Answer: C 
568.  The Sudetenland was ceded to the Germans through the policy supported by 



A. a) Henlein 


B. b) Chamberlain 


C. c) Daladier 


D. d) both B and C 


E.


Answer: D 
569.  The German general who was successful against the British in North Africa was 



A. a) Moeltke 


B. b) von Ludendorff 


C. c) von Hindenburg 


D. d) Rommel 


E.


Answer: D 
570.  Which of the following was the most important turning-point in the attitude of British public opinion?to Hitler's foreign policy? 



A. a) the German occupation of Prague 


B. b) the Munich agreement 


C. c) the remilitarization of the Rhineland 


D. d) the Anschluss  


E.


Answer: A 
571.  The only possible way Hitler believed that Germany could defend a conquest of Poland was to 



A. a) ally with the Soviet Union 


B. b) break the French Maginot Line 


C. c) destroy Czechoslovakia 


D. d) control Danzig and the Polish Corridor 


E.


Answer: A 
572.  The secret provision of the Nazi-Soviet nonaggression pact was 



A. a) the division of Czechoslovakia between Russia and Germany 


B. b) military equipment supplied to Germany by the Soviet Union 


C. c) the partitioning of Poland between Russia and Germany 


D. d) Russian intelligence information which would make possible an invasion of England 


E.


Answer: C 
573.  Blitzkrieg was 



A. a) the code name for the German invasion of Russia 


B. b) a new style of warfare which employed massed armor columns supported by air power 


C. c) the German term denoting a counteroffensive 


D. d) both A and B 


E.


Answer: B 
574.  What benefits did the Soviet Union receive from their support of the invasion of Poland? 



A. a) the encirclement of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania 


B. b) a financial settlement from the Germans 


C. c) a warm-water port 


D. d) the capitulation of France 


E.


Answer: A 
575.  Through the autumn of 1939 and the winter of 1939-1940, there was 



A. a) little activity on the western front 


B. b) a great deal of fighting in the Balkan region 


C. c) the "Sitzkrieg" 


D. d) both A and C 


E.


Answer: D 
576.  Dunkirk was a famous episode in 1940 in which 



A. a) German air power was defeated 


B. b) over 300,000 allied troops were evacuated from France 


C. c) France surrendered to Germany 


D. d) Belgium finally surrendered after a courageous defense 


E.


Answer: B 
577.  The Maginot Line refers to the 



A. a) boundary of France 


B. b) line which separates the Rhineland from Germany 


C. c) French defensive fortifications 


D. d) defensive massed tank strategy developed by the French general, Maginot 


E.


Answer: C 
578.  The French government which collaborated with the Germans after France's defeat in 1940 was located in 



A. a) Vichy 


B. b) Lyons 


C. c) Paris 


D. d) Marseilles 


E.


Answer: A 
579.  Charles de Gaulle 



A. a) organized the French National Committee of Liberation 


B. b) controlled southern France and resisted against the Germans 


C. c) set up a dictatorial regime in southern France 


D. d) none of the above 


E.


Answer: A 
580.  The Battle of Britain resulted in 



A. a) the destruction of much of Edinburgh 


B. b) the German abandonment of invasion plans 


C. c) a great loss of morale for the British 


D. d) the collapse of the Chamberlain administration 


E.


Answer: B 
581.  Which of the following best explains Germany's failure to conquer the Soviet Union in 1941? 



A. a) the delay of the expedition by six weeks 


B. b) the opening of a second front by the allies 


C. c) the diversion of troops from the drive toward Moscow 


D. d) both A and C 


E.


Answer: D 
582.  The Holocaust refers to 



A. a) the destruction of Hiroshima and Nagasaki 


B. b) those murdered in Stalin's Purges 


C. c) the destruction of six million Jews by the Nazis 


D. d) the bombing and burning of the German city of Dresden 


E.


Answer: C 
583.  Which best describes the effects of the massive Anglo-American aerial bombardment of Germany? 



A. a) it had little effect on the war 


B. b) concentrated attacks on industrial targets did significant damage 


C. c) precision bombing had little effect, but terror bombing undermined German morale severely 


D. d) in all its aspects, the bombardment was a great success 


E.


Answer: B 
584.  The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor was prompted by 



A. a) the freezing of Japanese assets and the elimination of the oil supply to Japan 


B. b) American criticism of the Japanese treaty of neutrality with the Soviet Union 


C. c) a desperate move to retain power by Tojo 


D. d) all of the above 


E.


Answer: A 
585.  The Japanese war faction that was responsible for the attack on Pearl Harbor was led by 



A. a) General Toranaga 


B. b) Emperor Hirohito 


C. c) General Tojo 


D. d) Admiral Yamamoto 


E.


Answer: C 
586.  The Japanese advance in the Pacific was halted in 1942 at the Battle of 



A. a) the Coral Sea 


B. b) Guadalcanal 


C. c) Midway Island 


D. d) Leyte Gulf 


E.


Answer: C 
587.  What was the "soft underbelly" of the Axis? 



A. a) Japan 


B. b) Italy 


C. c) Greece 


D. d) Soviet Union 


E.


Answer: B 
588.  The Battle of Stalingrad 



A. a) marked the turning point of the Russian campaign 


B. b) was important since the Germans needed a victory to obtain the oil fields near to the Caspian Sea 


C. c) saw the death of more Russians than all Americans lost in the entire war 


D. d) all of the above 


E.


Answer: D 
589.  The Battle of the Bulge 



A. a) was a defeat for the allies 


B. b) was a clear victory for the allies 


C. c) occurred before the D-Day invasion 


D. d) opened the road to Berlin for the allies 


E.


Answer: A 
590.  The commander of the allied armies on D-Day was 



A. a) Omar Bradley 


B. b) George Patton 


C. c) Dwight D. Eisenhower 


D. d) Erwin Rommel 


E.


Answer: C 
591.  Which best explains the American decision to drop atomic bombs on Japan? 



A. a) the desire to frighten the Russians into a more cooperative attitude 


B. b) the desire to end the war quickly and save American lives 


C. c) the automatic decision of a thoughtless bureaucracy 


D. d) the inexperience of a new President 


E.


Answer: B 
592.  At the conference at Potsdam in 1945, the participants were 



A. a) Roosevelt, Churchill and Stalin 


B. b) Truman, Attlee and Stalin 


C. c) Roosevelt, Attlee and Stalin 


D. d) Truman, Churchill and Stalin 


E.


Answer: B 
593.  The Vichy regime in France following German occupation 



A. a) protected French Jews 


B. b) was led by Charles De Gaulle 


C. c) was supported by the Catholic Church 


D. d) both B and C 


E.


Answer: C 
594.  The "blitz" referred to the 



A. a) German invasion of France in May 1940 


B. b) Battle of Britain in August 1940 


C. c) German air raids over Britain during the winter and spring of 19401941 


D. d) the British retreat from Dunkirk 


E.


Answer: C 
595.  The "Great Patriotic War" was a phrase used by 



A. a) Soviet leadership to resist German aggression 


B. b) Nazi propagandists to stiffen German resolve against allied bombing 


C. c) Winston Churchill in his speeches to the British people 


D. d) America to recruit men for the war effort against Japan 


E.


Answer: A