69. The Bronze Age in Greece was 
A. a) 2900-1150 B.C.E. 
B. b) 1150-600 B.C.E. 
C. c) 1600-1200 B.C.E. 
D. d) 2900-600 B.C.E. 
Answer: A 
70. Choose the sequence that places historical developments in the correct chronological order: 
A. a) Greek "Middle Ages," Bronze Age, Age of Colonization 
B. b) Age of Colonization, Bronze Age, Greek "Middle Ages" 
C. c) Bronze Age, Age of Colonization, Greek "Middle Ages" 
D. d) Bronze Age, Greek "Middle Ages," Age of Colonization 
Answer: D 
71. The main palace complex on Crete is located at 
A. a) Hagia Triada 
B. b) Cnossus 
C. c) Mycenae 
D. d) Phaistos 
Answer: B 
72. Which description best fits a Minoan palace? 
A. a) tapering columns, massive fortifications, cisterns 
B. b) Cyclopean walls, frescos, beehive tombs 
C. c) labyrinthine rooms, frescos, excellent plumbing 
D. d) shaft graves, location of the sea, massive walls 
Answer: D 
73. Bronze Age settlements on the Greek mainland are termed 
A. a) Hellenic 
B. b) Minoan 
C. c) Helladic 
D. d) Corinthian 
Answer: C 
74. The wanax was a 
A. a) Mycenaean king 
B. b) Minoan king 
C. c) Minoan priest 
D. d) none of the above 
Answer: A 
75. A tholos tomb 
A. a) consisted of many shaft graves grouped in a central area 
B. b) was a huge beehive-like chamber 
C. c) existed as a royal tomb for Minoan kings 
D. d) none of the above 
Answer: B 
76. The Mycenaean civilization collapsed because of 
A. a) the invasion of the Dorians 
B. b) the volcanic eruption of Thera 
C. c) internal conflict among Mycenaean kings and pressure from outside invaders 
D. d) a plague 
Answer: C 
77. The Homeric epics refer to 
A. a) Oedipus Rex and the Odyssey 
B. b) The Iliad and the Odyssey 
C. c) Works and Days and the Theogony 
D. d) The Iliad and the Golden Ass 
Answer: B 
78. The "Age of Homer" refers primarily to 
A. a) the 10th and 9th centuries B.C.E. 
B. b) the Minoan civilization 
C. c) the 8th and 7th centuries B.C.E. 
D. d) the Mycenaean civilization 
Answer: A 
79. Which qualities would a Homeric hero prize most dearly? 
A. a) strength, teamwork, artistic ability 
B. b) charity, prowess, speaking ability 
C. c) individual prowess, courage, excellence 
D. d) wealth, love of country, the good life 
Answer: C 
80. The word polis best refers to 
A. a) an independent political unit 
B. b) a small city 
C. c) a community of relatives, who worshiped the gods in common ceremonies 
D. d) all of the above 
Answer: D 
81. The polis developed during the 
A. a) height of Mycenaean civilization 
B. b) Greek "Middle Ages" 
C. c) Classical Greece 
D. d) none of the above 
Answer: B 
82. The hoplite phalanx was 
A. a) a military formation composed of heavily armed infantrymen 
B. b) a military formation composed of aristocratic cavalrymen 
C. c) a quick, maneuverable warship 
D. d) the shield of middle class Greek warriors 
Answer: A 
83. The rise of the hoplite phalanx created
 
A. a) class tension which later resulted in civil war 
B. b) a bond between the aristocrats and the peasants which helped mute class conflicts 
C. c) a strong oligarchical state in Athens 
D. d) both A and B 
Answer: B 
84. The Greek colonization movement around 750 B.C.E. occurred primarily because of the 
A. a) fear of the Dorian invasion 
B. b) overpopulation of Greek lands 
C. c) desire to trade and make money 
D. d) need to escape from internal disputes between city-states 
Answer: B 
85. Colonization gave the Greeks 
A. a) new wealth from trade 
B. b) a safety valve from overpopulation 
C. c) a sense of cultural identity which fostered panhellenism 
D. d) all of the above 
Answer: D 
86. A tyrant was 
A. a) a monarch who gained power in an unconstitutional or unorthodox way 
B. b) a despot who was cruel and usually despised 
C. c) usually a member of the ruling aristocracy who might well be beneficent and popular 
D. d) both A and C 
Answer: D 
87. The major period of Greek tyranny was 
A. a) 1600-1150 B.C.E. 
B. b) 700-500 B.C.E. 
C. c) 1100-750 B.C.E. 
D. d) 500-400 B.C.E. 
Answer: B 
88. Aristotle valued the polis very highly because he thought 
A. a) it provided the most efficient military system 
B. b) it organized colonies 
C. c) only the polis provided law and justice 
D. d) the polis was more efficient than the city-state 
Answer: C 
89. The Greeks held an open air assembly in a place called the 
A. a) agora 
B. b) apoikia 
C. c) tholos 
D. d) acropolis 
Answer: A 
90. Tyranny fell because 
A. a) the second generation of tyrants was cruel 
B. b) it was inconsistent with the ideals of the polis 
C. c) tyrants lost popular support 
D. d) all of the above 
Answer: D 
91. The two main factors which determined the character of Spartan society were the 
A. a) conquest of Arcadia and the revival of trade 
B. b) conquest of Messenia and the enslavement of the Helots 
C. c) rigorous training of a Spartan warrior and the desire for glory 
D. d) none of the above 
Answer: B 
92. Why were the Spartans compelled to make the army the primary focus of their society? 
A. a) because of the threat of conquest by Corinth 
B. b) because of the danger of a Persian invasion 
C. c) because they wanted to conquer the Peloponnesians 
D. d) because of the threat of rebellion by their slaves 
Answer: D 
93. Sparta's main opponent in the 7th century was 
A. a) Corinth 
B. b) Athens 
C. c) Argos 
D. d) Pylos 
Answer: C 
94. The Spartan constitution can be called an oligarchy because 
A. a) the five ephors had control over matters presented to the assembly 
B. b) two kings commanded the army 
C. c) a board of twenty-eight elderly men served in an advisory capacity 
D. d) the assembly could vote on proposals and elect officials 
Answer: A 
95. Which description best characterizes the life of a Spartan woman? 
A. a) she fought in the army alongside the men 
B. b) she lived a more restricted life than other Greek women 
C. c) she studied poetry and philosophy 
D. d) she had gymnastic training and was indoctrinated in Spartan ideals 
Answer: D 
96. In 621, who of the following was given special permission to codify and publish a law code? 
A. a) Solon 
B. b) Clisthenes 
C. c) Draco 
D. d) none of the above 
Answer: C 
97. Draco's law code was aimed at 
A. a) ending blood feuds between clans 
B. b) maintaining the power of the nobles 
C. c) strengthening the hand of the state against the local power of nobles 
D. d) both A and C 
Answer: D 
98. What was the root of Athens' problems in Solon's day? 
A. a) the overproduction of olives 
B. b) the threat of a Persian invasion 
C. c) the exhaustion of the soil and indebtedness of the peasantry 
D. d) all of the above 
Answer: C 
99. Solon's program of reform was known as 
A. a) thesmothetai 
B. b) "nothing in excess" 
C. c) "the shaking off of burdens" 
D. d) "the policy of equality" 
Answer: C 
100. Solon's reforms 
A. a) prevented other major internal disturbances in the Athenian state 
B. b) were overturned by the tyrants within a decade 
C. c) allowed Athens to compete with Sparta in the exportation of olive oil 
D. d) did not solve the fundamental economic problem of Athens 
Answer: D 
101. The position of Pisistratus in Athens can best be termed 
A. a) archon 
B. b) tyrant 
C. c) lawgiver 
D. d) one of the thesmothetai 
Answer: B 
102. The effect of Pisistratus' government on Athens was 
A. a) the building of new temples 
B. b) an increase in the power of the central government at the expense of the nobles 
C. c) an increase in the people's experience of self-government 
D. d) all of the above 
Answer: D 
103. The main responsibility of the Council of 500 was 
A. a) to receive foreign ambassadors 
B. b) to make laws    
C. c) to prepare legislation for the assembly 
D. d) to determine who was a citizen 
Answer: C 
104. Democracy in Athens is best represented by 
A. a) the Council of 500 
B. b) the board of ten generals 
C. c) the assembly of citizens 
D. d) the people's right to ostracize those who represented a threat to the democracy 
Answer: C 
105. After Clisthenes' reforms, the basic unit of local government in Athens was known as the 
A. a) deme 
B. b) archon 
C. c) phratry 
D. d) trittys 
Answer: A 
106. The poet who wrote Works and Days was 
A. a) Theognis 
B. b) Hesiod 
C. c) Homer 
D. d) Lycurgus 
Answer: B 
107. Greek religion was 
A. a) monotheistic 
B. b) polytheistic 
C. c) atheistic 
D. d) none of the above 
Answer: B 
108. Hubris can best be defined as 
A. a) arrogance 
B. b) loyalty 
C. c) the courage to act quickly when in danger 
D. d) political insecurity 
Answer: A 
109. Which of the following best approximates the moral teaching of the priests of Apollo? 
A. a) the world governed by the guiding principle of logos   
B. b) a good man should harm his enemies and protect his friends 
C. c) without moderation, man faces dire consequences 
D. d) the good life is to seek glory and display bravery 
Answer: C 
110. Theognis of Megara was a 
A. a) poet who promoted rule by aristocrats 
B. b) poet who admired democracy 
C. c) statesman who was ostracized for speaking against Athenian democracy 
D. d) none of the above 
Answer: A 
111. The Persian empire was established by 
A. a) Darius 
B. b) Xerxes 
C. c) Cyrus the Great 
D. d) Aristagoras 
Answer: C 
112. The Athenian victory at Marathon in 490 B.C.E. 
A. a) was due to the leadership of Miltiades 
B. b) was important for the positive contributions of Athens in the 5th century 
C. c) did not provide permanent protection for Athens from the Persian threat 
D. d) all of the above 
Answer: D 
113. The Greeks were saved in the Persian War of 480 B.C.E. by the leadership of 
A. a) Miltiades 
B. b) Mardonius 
C. c) Aeschylus 
D. d) Themistocles 
Answer: D