The Montgomery Bus Boycott was organized under the auspices of the    
 * MIA.    
 NAACP.   
 WPC.   
 Holt Street Baptist Church.   
    

A combination of legal and violent acts kept all but what percentage of African Americans from voting in the late 1940s?    
 one    
 five   
 * ten   
 fifteen   
    

Martin Luther King, Jr. was inspired by this American theologian's social Christianity:    
 * Walter Rauschenbusch.    
 Ralph Abernathy.   
 Billy Graham.   
 Norman Vincent Peale.   
    

By openly supporting the jailed Martin Luther King, John F. Kennedy    
 lost support in the west.   
 * won 70% of the black vote.   
 won 50% of the white vote.   
 made Richard Nixon look bad.   
    

The Freedom Rides were halted by racist mobs in    
 * Alabama.    
 Mississippi.   
 Georgia.   
 North Carolina.   
    

The Birmingham Public Safety Commissioner whose appalling treatment of civil rights activists shocked the nation was    
 Laurie Pritchett.    
 James Meredith.   
 George Wallace.   
 * Eugene Connor.   
    

The Freedom Rides were to Morgan v. Virginia desegregation on interstate facilities as the Mississippi Freedom Summer was to    
 * voter registration.    
 college registration.   
 union organizing.   
 job opportunity.   
    

The Delgado case    
 ended the exclusion of Mexican Americans from Texas jury lists.   
 gave Mexicans the right to work in the United States.   
 curbed the flow of undocumented immigrants.   
 * declared the segregation of Mexican Americans unconstitutional.   
    

Congress got the right to terminate Indian tribes' political standing as a result of    
 U.S. v. Wheeler.   
 * House Concurrent Resolution 108.   
 the Civil Rights Act of 1964.   
 the Jones Act.   
    

The Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 ended    
 termination policy.    
 * national-origin quotas.   
 Operation Wetback.   
 Issei citizenship eligibility.   
    

Which one of the following was NOT a step President Truman took that shifted most black voters to the Democratic Party?    
 A presidential committee on Civil Rights that made ambitious recommendations.   
 Truman publicly endorsed the report To Secure These Rights.   
 He desegregated the armed forces by executive order.   
 * He met with Thurgood Marshall and praised the NAACP.   
    

Black jazz musicians created a more complex music in the forties that was harder for whites to copy, cover over or sweeten. This music was called    
 * bebop.    
 rockabilly.   
 rebop.   
 swing.   
    

The victory in Brown v. Board of Education was limited by this second ruling:    
 accepting the idea of "interposition" as a legal argument.   
 * giving responsibility for implementation to local school boards.   
 monitoring would be decided by the local community.   
 schools would have a ten year time plan to implement.   
    

Greensboro, North Carolina; Nashville, Tennessee; and Atlanta, Georgia; were the sites of    
 freedom rides to desegregate buses.   
 mass signings of a Southern manifesto to defeat segregation.   
 * sit-ins at lunch counters and restaurants to protest discrimination.   
 voter registration drives to increase the number of black voters.   
    

Which one of the following did NOT arouse national indignation?    
 Birmingham campaign    
 Selma campaign   
 March on Washington   
 * Albany Movement   
    

Mississippi was chosen as the location for Freedom Summer because it had a    
 small African American population.   
 history of peaceful race relations.   
 * large, oppressed African American population.   
 long-standing commitment to the civil rights movement.   
    

Which one of the following has the LEAST to do with Malcolm Little?    
 Nation of Islam    
 Elijah Muhammad   
 Black Muslims   
 * "Bloody Sunday"   
    

The Jones Act of 1917 granted U.S. citizenship to    
 Issei.    
 * Puerto Ricans.   
 illegal Mexican immigrants.   
 Native Americans not on reservations.   
    

Which one of the following court cases is NOT correctly matched with the topic of the decision?    
 * U.S. v. Wheeler: Indian tribes must be disbanded   
 Mendez v. Westminste: illegality of segregation of Mexican Americans   
 Missouri v. ex. rel. Gaines: a separate law school must be fully equal   
 McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents: black students cannot be fully segregated from white students   
    

With the change in the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965, this group was not the largest Asian-American group in 1985 as it had been in 1960:    
 Chinese    
 Vietnamese   
 * Japanese   
 Korean   
    

The sit-in movement began in    
 1948.    
 1955.   
 * 1960.   
 1965.   
    

Which of the following events did NOT occur in 1963?    
 SCLC campaign to desegregate Selma   
 Medgar Evers assassinated   
 The March on Washington   
 * Albany movement fails   
    

James Meredith integrated a university in    
 Topeka, Kansas.    
 * Oxford, Mississippi.   
 Atlanta, Georgia.   
 Birmingham, Alabama.   
    

In 1960, the Southern state with the highest number of African American registered voters was    
 Arkansas.    
 Virginia.   
 Florida.   
 * Tennessee.   
    

Which one of the following lists the CORRECT order of these events?     (1) Brown case rules segregated schools are inherently unequal     (2) Executive Order 8802 forbids racial discrimination in defense industries     (3) Truman issues executive order desegregating the armed forces     (4) Morgan case rules segregation on interstate buses is unconstitutional  
 2,3,4,1    
 * 2,4,3,1   
 2,3,1,4   
 2,4,1,3   
    

The Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party was denied seats at this presidential convention:    
 1952    
 1956   
 1960   
 * 1964   
    

Eisenhower sent troops to integrate Central High School in    
 Selma, Alabama.    
 Atlanta, Georgia.   
 * Little Rock, Arkansas.   
 Oxford, Mississippi.   
    

The Southern state with the lowest number of African American registered voters in 1960 was    
 Louisiana.    
 South Carolina.   
 Alabama.   
 * Mississippi.   
    

Martin Luther King, Jr. originated the idea of a bus boycott.    
 True   
 * False   
    
    
    

Southern Jim Crow laws coexisted with intimate contact between blacks and whites.    
 * True   
 False   
    
    
    

President Eisenhower would not publicly endorse the Brown decision, and privately opposed it.    
 * True   
 False   
    
    
    

Student civil rights militancy was sometimes opposed by local black elites, whose status depended on influence and cooperation with whites.    
 * True   
 False   
    
    
    

The aggressive stance of the Civil Rights Division of the Justice Department signaled that the Kennedy administration had decided to risk alienating Southern supporters.    
 True   
 * False   
    
    
    

The Albany movement failed because the local police chief refused to mistreat black protestors.    
 * True   
 False   
    
    
    

Lyndon Johnson was a known supporter of civil rights measures.    
 True   
 * False   
    
    
    

Malcolm X's views about civil rights and American society remained consistent to the end of his life.    
 True   
 * False   
    
    
    

The LULAC and the GI Forum emphasized cultural separatism for Mexican Americans.    
 True   
 * False   
    
    
    

Despite the harsh treatment of Asians during World War II, in 1946 California voters rejected a referendum that would have confiscated property owned by Japanese Americans.    
 * True   
 False   
    
    
    

Truman and his advisors had to approach civil rights cautiously-they needed both the African American and the Southern vote to win the 1948 election.    
 * True   
 False   
    
    
    

Chief Justice Earl Warren delayed a year on implementing desegregation because he wanted to moderate its effects.    
 True   
 * False   
    
    
    

The SCLC envisioned a civil rights movement based on mass action rather than legal battles.    
 * True   
 False   
    
    
    

The FBI intervened actively when white mobs attacked Freedom Riders.    
 True   
 * False   
    
    
    

The March on Washington made it clear that civil rights leaders were united in their approval of the Kennedy administration.    
 True   
 * False   
    
    
    

The Freedom Summer organizers recruited white college students in order to ensure that any violence against volunteers would receive prompt attention from the government and the media.    
 * True   
 False   
    
    
    

The Voting Rights Act was only somewhat effective, since it did not outlaw literacy and other discriminatory tests.    
 True   
 * False   
    
    
    

Although Puerto Rico's sugar industry was enormously profitable, ordinary residents of the island were very poor.    
 * True   
 False   
    
    
    

Between 1954 and 1962, Congress declared a moratorium on the passage of termination bills that disbanded Indian tribes.    
 True   
 * False   
    
    
    

The 1952 Immigration and Nationality Act removed the racial barriers that prevented Asians from immigrating to the United States.    
 True   
 * False