Union Leagues were organizations of
A.  southern white men who supported the freedmen.
B.  freedmen to protect their newly gained rights.
C.  southern white women who wanted the vote.
D.  carpetbaggers exploiting southern turmoil.
Answer: B
The Radical republicans advocated the Wade-Davis Bill, which required what percent of white male citizens to take a loyalty oath before elections for new state constitutional conventions could take place in seceded states?
A.  25
B.  50
C.  75
D.  90
Answer: B
Special field Order No. 15 issued by William Tecumseh Sherman in January, 1865, reflected end-of-war efforts to
A.  temporarily redistribute land to freed slaves for relief purposes.
B.  revolutionize southern society by granting freed slaves the right to vote.
C.  facilitate white planter reentry into southern politics.
D.  institute segregation measures in southern communities.
Answer: A
Which one of the following was NOT under the authority of the Freedmen's Bureau as established in March, 1865?
A.  providing provisions, clothing and fuel to destitute former slavers
B.  managing all abandoned lands in the South
C.  leasing forty acres of abandoned or confiscated land to the freed slaves
D.  granting "forty acres and a mule" to refugee families
Answer: D
Throughout his political career Andrew Johnson had
A.  fought to extend public education in the South.
B.  championed the cause of the small farmer.
C.  supported secession as a legitimate component of states' rights ideology.
D.  represented planter elite interests in Tennessee.
Answer: B
Unlike the Lincoln plan of reconstruction, Andrew Johnson's proposal
A.  excluded members of the planter elite from a general amnesty.
B.  indicated a desire to fully integrate the former slaves into southern society.
C.  was lenient and generous to the planter elite.
D.  indicated Johnson's willingness to adopt the full radical plan of reconstruction.
Answer: A
Which of the Following would a Radical Republican in Congress in 1865 most likely OPPOSE?
A.  civil rights and suffrage for freed slaves
B.  a powerful, active federal government
C.  a general amnesty for all Southerners
D.  the transformation of prewar southern society
Answer: C
The passage of Black Codes indicated
A.  that white Southerners did not fully accept the emancipation of the slaves.
B.  that the federal government intended to legislate a change in the hearts of white Southerners on the issue of race relations.
C.  that full integration of African Americans into southern society was a realistic possibility.
D.  that Radical Republicans would not be able to muster votes in Congress to implement a congressional plan of Reconstruction.
Answer: A
The Civil Rights Bill of 1866
A.  upheld the 1857 Dred Scott decision.
B.  granted African Americans full citizenship.
C.  ended the institution of slavery.
D.  granted suffrage to women.
Answer: B
Which of the following was a consequence of Congressional passage of the 14th Amendment to the Constitution?
A.  Andrew Johnson supported opponents of Radical Republicans in the Congressional elections of 1866.
B.  Slavery was formally ended.
C.  African Americans won the right to vote.
D.  Andrew Johnson sought a compromise with Radical Republicans in Congress to bring the Reconstruction process to a close.
Answer: A
Which of the following was NOT a part of the First Reconstruction Act passed in 1867?
A.  the division of the South into five military districts
B.  the requirement that southern states guarantee the voting rights of African Americans
C.  the requirement that southern states write new state constitutions
D.  the redistribution of plantation land
Answer: D
Under the Tenure of Office Act that Congress passed in 1867, which of the following actions was illegal?
A.  a vice-president who has assumed the presidency under abnormal circumstances running for the presidency in the next presidential election
B.  a president removing a cabinet member without the Senate's consent
C.  a president serving more than two terms in office
D.  a president appointing a new cabinet member without approval from the house and the Senate
Answer: B
The basic reason that Republicans tried to remove Andrew Johnson from office was
A.  he was guilty of serious crimes against the Constitution of the United States.
B.  he refused to remove federal troops from southern states in a timely fashion.
C.  his plan of Reconstruction had effectively eliminated the influence of the planter elite in southern politics.
D.  they did not agree with his politics.
Answer: D
One of the results of emancipation that struck observers in the immediate post-Civil War era was the
A.  free movement of emancipated slaves.
B.  freed slaves' lack of interest in leaving their old homes.
C.  freed slaves' tendency to avoid cities.
D.  freed slaves' continued deferential behavior toward whites.
Answer: A
African American women in the aftermath of emancipation
A.  continued working for white planters as field hands or domestic servants.
B.  experienced changes in gender rules.
C.  rarely worked outside their own homes.
D.  rarely played the role in the family that white women did.
Answer: B
The most common form of agricultural labor that emerged by the late 1860s was the
A.  gang system.
B.  squad system.
C.  sharecropping system.
D.  convict lease system.
Answer: C
This was one of the most lasting elements of African American institution building and the first to be fully controlled by African Americans:
A.  schools
B.  churches
C.  state legislatures in reconstructed states
D.  the Union League
Answer: B
Individuals could be found guilty of violating one of the Enforcement Acts that Congress passed in the early 1870s if they
A.  refused to pay personal income taxes.
B.  interfered with a person's right to vote.
C.  joined the Ku Klux Klan.
D.  delivered a speech criticizing a federal official.
Answer: B
The Slaughterhouse cases, U.S. v. Reese, U.S. v. Cruiksbank and the Civil Rights cases of 1883 all had the effect of
A.  extending legal protection for African Americans.
B.  limiting the ability of the Democratic party to return to power in the southern states.
C.  restricting the protections of the 14th and 15th Amendments.
D.  enhancing southern access to public education.
Answer: C
The first big businesses in the United States were
A.  textile companies.
B.  meat packing enterprises.
C.  steel corporations.
D.  railroad companies.
Answer: D
Which of the following has the least in common with the other three?
A.  Credit Mobilier Construction Company
B.  Schuyler Colfax
C.  railroad promoters
D.  U.S. Steel
Answer: D
A Liberal Republican in the late nineteenth century would have agreed with which of the following statements?
A.  Excessive government interference in the economy breeds the potential for corruption.
B.  Universal suffrage is at the heart of a virtuous republic.
C.  Rewarding political supporters with government jobs keeps the people in touch with the government.
D.  Continued federal intervention in the South to protect African Americans remains a significant responsibility of the federal government.
Answer: A
The basic cause of the economic depression in 1873 was
A.  collapse of the stock market.
B.  rising farm prices.
C.  overexpansion of commercial interests.
D.  an excessively high protective tariff.
Answer: C
In the election of 1876 an unprecedented crisis developed as a result of
A.  the assassination of the Democrat nominee.
B.  the indictment of the Republican nominee on the eve of the election.
C.  widespread voter fraud throughout the country.
D.  disputed electoral returns in several states.
Answer: D
Rutherford B. Hayes' election to the presidency in 1876 meant
A.  the continuation of federal military occupation in the South.
B.  the beginning of a period of active federal involvement in regulation of the national economy.
C.  effective nullification of the 14th and 15th Amendments.
D.  the elimination of any Democrat in the president's advisory circle.
Answer: C
While the South lost the war, it managed to increase its control of the nation's wealth from 12 percent in 1860 to 30 percent by 1870.
A. True
B. False
C.
D.
Answer: B
Like Lincoln, Andrew Johnson believed that Reconstruction fell under the jurisdiction of the legislative branch of the federal government.
A. True
B. False
C.
D.
Answer: B
The House of Representatives succeeded in impeaching Andrew Johnson in 1868.
A. True
B. False
C.
D.
Answer: A
The Fifteenth Amendment to the Constitution prohibited states from instituting any qualification for voting except age and residency.
A. True
B. False
C.
D.
Answer: B
The dominant role of "King Cotton" in the post Civil War South stalled southern economic growth.
A. True
B. False
C.
D.
Answer: A