78. The Texas uprising against Mexico was characterized by
A. alliance between Americans and Tejanos.
B. hostility between Irish and Spanish Catholics.
C. American adventurers and soldiers of fortune.
D. Mexican alliance with the Comanches against Americans.
Answer: A
79. American fur traders joined in a yearly trade fair in the Rockies characterized by the polyglot collection of many nationalities called the
A. jumping-off place.
B. rendezvous.
C. rodeo.
D. French Prairie.
Answer: B
80. Which one of the following was NOT one of the leaders of government-financed quasi-military expeditions from 1806 to 1869?
A. Stephen Long
B. John Slidell
C. Zebulon Pike
D. John C. Fremont
Answer: B
81. The term "manifest destiny" describes all of the following ideas EXCEPT:
A. the idea that Americans had a God-given right to bring the benefits of American democracy to backward peoples.
B. the concern for the economic future of the United States. 
C. the idea that the American frontier spirit made it inevitable that American culture would dominate the continent.
D. the Southern idea that there would be a gradual inclusion of more slave states into the union, including the eventual legalization of slavery throughout the country.
Answer: D
82. In the early 1800s, in order to case the problem of white encroachment on Indian land, the United States government
A. prohibited trade between white and Indian tribes in the Old Northwest.
B. moved the Indians to "Indian Territory" on the eastern edge of the Great Plains.
C. rerouted travel trails across the West.
D. forcibly removed whites who had squatted on Indian land.
Answer: B
83. A pioneer taking the Oregon Trail could expect all of the following EXCEPT
A. some dissension among wagon train members.
B. little mutual support among the travelers.
C. illness.
D. lone travelers.
Answer: B
84. Major killers along any wagon trail route were
A. rock slides and lack of water.
B. smallpox and malaria.
C. Indian attacks.
D. disease and accidents.
Answer: D
85. When Americans began moving to Oregon in the 1830s, that territory was claimed by
A. Russia and Great Britain.
B. France and Russia.
C. Germany and France.
D. the United States and Great Britain.
Answer: D
86. Mexican settlements like the one at Nacogdoches in 1816 faced a hardscrabble life and the hostility of the
A. American extranjeros in Santa Fe.
B. Catholic priests who wanted to protect the Indians.
C. Comanche Indians of the high plains.
D. ricos versus pobres.
Answer: C
87. A traveler on the Santa Fe Trail who stopped at Bents Fort trading post entered a community
A. populated largely by Americans.
B. dominated by the commercial agricultural trade.
C. with a multiethnic population.
D. governed by Spanish officials.
Answer: C
88. Stephen F. Austin and his handpicked fellow colonists in Texas agreed to Mexican terms that they
A. sever all ties with the United States.
B. bring no slaves into Mexican territory.
C. accept the Catholic faith.
D. irrigate the land on which they settled.
Answer: C
89. Austin's colonists were predominately from what region of the United States?
A. New England
B. the South
C. the Old Northwest
D. the Pacific Northwest
Answer: B
90. The Bents represented what aspect of the frontier?
A. inclusion through intermarriages
B. hostility of missionaries to Indian ways
C. wealthy whites increasing their social position by marriage
D. exclusion through creating self-contained communities of married whites
Answer: A
91. American immigration to Texas after 1830 and the Mexican centrists' assumption of power in Mexico City in 1830 created a situation in Texas where
A. anti-Mexican sentiments flourished.
B. settlers regarded rebellious talk as treasonous.
C. cultural sharing could thrive.
D. Indian populations faced extinction.
Answer: A
92. The Tejano experience in Texas in the years following the successful Texas revolution demonstrated
A. the possibilities for cultural cohabitation.
B. the importance of industrial growth.
C. the powerful influence of the Mexican government.
D. the triumph of ethnocentrism.
Answer: D
93. The annexation of Texas became an explosive issue when
A. Mexico reopened diplomatic relations with Texas.
B. John C. Calhoun linked it to extension of slavery.
C. Texas threatened to emancipate its slaves.
D. a border dispute threatened war between Texas and Mexico.
Answer: B
94. James K Polk's platform in the 1844 presidential election placed him and the Democratic party clearly on the side of
A. expansionism.
B. anti-expansionism.
C. cheap land policy.
D. Indian removal.
Answer: A
95. During the Mexican War, northern Whigs began to characterize the war as
A. an unwinnable conflict.
B. a racist plot against a weaker nation.
C. "Mr. Polk's War," and an unnecessary one.
D. A Mexican scheme to drain the United States of its gold resources.
Answer: C
96. As commander-in-chief during the Mexican War, James K. Polk defined the role of the president by
A. leaving planning and strategy to the military.
B. drawing on his own military training to plan military strategy.
C. visiting battle sites to keep morale high.
D. coordinating both civilian and military goals and needs.
Answer: D
97. Newspaper publishers discovered during the Mexican War that
A. readers were offended by sensationalist news.
B. journalists' on-the-spot stories sold newspapers.
C. the primary force shaping public understanding of the war throughout the conflict was politicians' opinions.
D. the various American communities across the country varied too much for a nation-wide publicity venture.
Answer: B
98. In the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo the United States
A. paid Mexico $15 million for lost territory.
B. denied any responsibility for the $2 million American claims against Mexico.
C. won Texas its independence.
D. acquired the Gadsden territories in the Southwest.
Answer: A
99. Most early American immigrants to California made
A. great efforts to ally with and intermarry with Californios.
B. no effort to conform to Spanish ways or intermarry with Californios.
C. major efforts to convert the Indians from Catholicism to Protestantism.
D. use of Russian connections against the British.
Answer: B
100. In 1846 Congressman David Wilmot proposed that
A. military appropriations to conduct the Mexican War be terminated.
B. slavery be banned from any territory acquired from Mexico.
C. the United States acquire Cuba from Spain.
D. the United States incorporate all of Mexico into its borders.
Answer: B
101. In general, free-soilers who said they were antislavery, really meant they were
A. anti black.
B. anti expansion.
C. pro annexation of Texas.
D. pro abolitionist.
Answer: A
102. To justify their position on slavery, Free Soilers argued all of the following EXCEPT
A. free labor in the West could not compete with slave labor.
B. northern values of freedom and individualism could not survive if slavery spread.
C. banning slavery from the territories meant keeping out blacks in general.
D. the African foreign slave trade reduced the opportunity for fair competition.
Answer: D
144. By 1840 the majority of Americans lived west of the original thirteen states.
A. True
B. False
C. 
D. 
Answer: A
145. When James K. Polk asked Congress for a declaration of war against Mexico in 1846, Congress unanimously accepted the president's version of the border incident that provoked his war message.
A. True
B. False
C. 
D. 
Answer: B
146. The mining camps that appeared during the California gold rush quickly developed into long-term multiethnic communities that offered hard-working miners a haven of civilization.
A. True
B. False
C. 
D. 
Answer: B
147. Evangelical religion was connected to manifest destiny as many western missionaries tried to "civilize" the Indians through American examples.
A. True
B. False
C. 
D. 
Answer: A
148. In contrast to the Santa Fe and California Trails, risks along the Oregon Trail were minimal because the route followed a water supply its entire length.
A. True
B. False
C. 
D. 
Answer: B