The Battles of the Coral Sea and Midway Island    	1	constituted early victories in the Pacific for the United States.   	constituted early defeats in the Pacific for the United States.   	were each essentially fought to a draw.   	were split between the United States and Japan.   	   	
Once the United States was clearly on the offensive in the Pacific, the process of advancing on Japan itself went forward with the aid of forces primarily from  	4	England and New Zealand.   	France and the Soviet Union.   	the Soviet Union and Australia.   	Australia and New Zealand.   	England and Australia.   	
The United States Army chief of staff during World War II was    	2	George Patton.   	George marshall.   	Omar Bradley.   	Dwight Eisenhower.   	Douglas MacArthur.   	
Which American ally was the MOST anxious for the launching of a second front against Germany in 1942?   	1	the Soviet Union   	France   	Great Britain   	China   	   	
In pursuing a military strategy against Germany, President Roosevelt initially chose to support the   	3	British by concentrating on India.   	Soviets by concentrating on the North Sea.   	British by concentrating on North Africa.   	Soviets by concentrating on France.   	Soviets and the British by concentrating on the Balkans.   	
Given the failure to launch a cross-Channel invasion, the British-American war against the Nazis in 1942-1943   	3	was virtually nonexistent.   	concentrated on the Russian front.   	shifted to North Africa.   	was confined to the oceans.   	focused on defeated Japan instead.   	
The North African campaign against the Nazis    	2	went forward despite the collapse of the Red Army.   	delayed the cross-Channel invasion of France.   	ended with the German failure at Stalingrad.   	was planned at the Casablanca Conference.   	none of the above   	
The two principle figures at the Casablanca Conference of January 1943 were    	3	Franklin Roosevelt and Charles de Gaulle.   	Joseph Stalin and de Gaulle.   	Winston Churchill and Roosevelt.   	Roosevelt and Stalin.   	Stalin and Churchill.   	
The meeting at Casablanca resulted in a decision that Allied troops would next invade   	4	Cyprus.   	Malta.   	Corsica.   	Sicily.   	Sardinia.   	
During World War II which country was defeated first by the Allies?    	1	Italy   	Spain   	the Soviet Union   	Japan   	Germany   	
The fact that the cross-Channel invasion was delayed left the Soviet Union in a better position to control   	2	China.   	eastern Europe.   	the Middle East.   	India.   	Turkey.   	
Which statement about American officials' knowledge of the Holocaust is the MOST accurate?   	2	Prior to the start of World War II, American officials had incontrovertible evidence of the Holocaust.  	Sometime during the war American officials acquired incontrovertible evidence of the Holocaust.  	Not until World War II was over did American officials learn of the Holocaust.  	   	   	
During World War II, Allied bombers tried to    	4	destroy the crematoria at Auschwitz.   	take out railroad lines leading to Auschwitz.   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
Which country was willing to admit significant numbers of Jewish refugees before and during World War II?   	4	the United States   	Great Britain   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
The impact of government spending during World War II was probably the most dramatic in the   	3	Midwest.   	East.   	West.   	South.   	   	
The World War II home front saw    	3	serious labor shortages.   	a large increase in union membership.   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
Relations between unions and the federal government during World War II saw    	5	unions agree to a "no-strike" pledge.   	the government agree to automatic union membership for new defense plant workers.  	unions agree to set limits on wages.   	both a and b   	all of the first three   	
During the whole of World War II,    	2	no major American union went on strike.   	unauthorized wildcat strikes were quite common.   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
The Smith-Connally Act    	3	was passed over President Roosevelt's veto.   	gave the president the power to seize a war plant that had been struck.   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
Which statement about the economy and World War II is the MOST accurate?    	4	If inflation was a problem during the 1930s, then deflation was a problem during World War II.  	Inflation was a major problem during both the 1930s and the war.   	Deflation was a major problem during both the 1930s and the war.   	If deflation was a major problem during the 1930s, then inflation was a major problem during the war.  	   	
During World War II the Office of Price Administration    	4	was generally popular with the American people.   	sought to control both prices and wages.   	put in place a system of rationing.   	both b and c   	all of the first three   	
To simplify tax matters, which of the following was introduced during World War II?   	3	a flat tax   	a sales tax   	tax withholding   	a short form for paying income taxes   	federal income tax collection only   	
The War Production Board    	4	was under the direction of a professional bureaucrat.   	had greater authority over the American economy than its World War I counterpart.  	had full control over military purchases.   	favored large over small contractors.   	nationalized all production of defense-related material.   	
A. Philip Randolph    	5	was the head of the NAACP.   	organized and carried out a massive march on Washington.   	thought American blacks should copy the behavior of American blacks during World War I.  	followed a strategy of accommodation similar to that of Booker T. Washington.  	none of the above   	
The Fair Employment Practices Commission of World War II    	1	had only limited enforcement powers.   	was created to plan for black migration northward.   	was necessary because blacks were ineligible to serve in the military.   	orchestrated a march on Washington of black and white Americans.   	both b and d   	
CORE was created during World War II primarily to aid the advancement of    	2	Mexican Americans.   	African Americans.   	Asian Americans.   	women.   	poor people generally.   	
CORE was an acronym for    	4	Committee on Resettlement and Equity.   	Conference on the Rural Economy.   	nothing; it simply suggested getting to the "core" of economic problems.   	Congress on Racial Equality.   	Conference on Order, Restoration, and Education.   	
During World War II the American military    	2	held fast to the principle of racial segregation.   	gradually moved from segregation to integration.   	held fast to the principle of racial integration.   	gradually moved from integration to segregation.   	   	
"Code-talkers" were largely    	3	Mexican Americans.   	Asian Americans.   	Native Americans.   	women   	none of the above   	
The second largest group of immigrants to American cities during World War II were   	2	single women.   	Mexican Americans.   	Asian Americans.   	rural whites.   	Native Americans.   	
The 1943 "zoot-suit riots" in Los Angeles saw    	5	white sailors invade Mexican-American communities.   	police restrain the sailors.   	the city of Los Angeles prohibit the wearing of zoot suits.   	both a and b   	both a and c   	
On the World War II home front    	1	women made serious inroads in industrial employment.   	women were generally barred from unions.   	juvenile crime declined.   	the arrest rate for prostitution went down.   	high-school enrollment went down.   	
During World War II    	5	the average age of marriage went down.   	the divorce rate went up.   	the birth rate went up.   	both a and c   	all of the first three   	
At of the start of World War II, most Japanese Americans were    	3	located in Hawaii.   	dispersed widely across the United States.   	concentrated along the west coast of the United States.   	living in cities scattered across the country.   	   	
World War II internment camps for Japanese Americans were    	4	little more than prisons.   	sanctioned by the Supreme Court.   	home to both Issei and Nisei.   	all of the above   	none of the above   	
During World War II, Congress abolished some New Deal agencies, including    	3	the Civilian Conservation Corps.   	the Works Progress Administration.   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
The election of 1942 saw    	4	the Democrats lose control of Congress.   	President Roosevelt run for a third term.   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
The election of 1944 was fought over    	1	domestic economic issues.   	the war aims of the Democrats.   	Roosevelt's controversial run for a third term.   	both a and c   	all of the first three   	
In August 1944, which country was liberated from the Nazis?    	3	Sweden   	Poland   	France   	Hungary   	Italy   	
As the American and British armies swept across Europe in early 1945,    	1	the high command of both countries made the decision to halt at the Elbe River.  	they briefly clashed with Soviet forces moving westward.   	they suffered a near-fatal defeat at the Battle of the Bulge.   	they routed the Nazis from Berlin and occupied the city.   	none of the above   	
Who among the following is to be associated with the American navy during World War II?   	3	Omar Bradley   	George Marshall   	Chester Nimitz   	Douglas MacArthur   	none of the above   	
General Joseph Stilwell devoted much of his wartime service to a tour of duty in   	2	Russia.   	China.   	India.   	North Africa.   	Europe.   	
The most decisive World War II battles against Japan were fought primarily    	5	in China.   	on the Indian subcontinent.   	in Indochina.   	in Siberia.   	on the Pacific Ocean and its islands.   	
By early to mid-1945, signs that an invasion of the main Japanese islands might NOT be necessary included all of the following EXCEPT the   	3	success of the firebombing of Tokyo.   	increasing power of the moderates in the Japanese government.   	weakening will of significant military leaders.   	defeat of Nazi Germany.   	Allied capture of Okinawa.   	
The first steps toward the creation of an atomic bomb were taken by    	4	the Soviet Union.   	Great Britain.   	the United States.   	Nazi Germany.   	none of the above   	
The Manhattan Project    	4	was highly secret.   	was located on a single site.   	proceeded at a faster pace than had been expected.   	both a and c   	all of the first three   	
The first successful test of an atomic weapon by the United States took place    	4	after the defeat of Nazi Germany.   	before President Roosevelt died.   	prior to the defeat of Japan.   	both a and c   	all of the first three   	
Which statement about atomic weaponry and World War II is the MOST accurate?    	5	Prior to the dropping of the atomic bomb on Hiroshima, the American government had agreed to permit the Japanese to keep their emperor.  	Prior to becoming president, Harry Truman had been kept informed of the progress of the Manhattan Project.  	The decision to use the atomic bomb had many critics, but the American scientists who worked on the project were united in support of its deployment. 	The Soviet Union declared war on Japan before the first atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima.  	It took the use of two atomic weapons before the Japanese finally agreed to surrender.  	
Given the power of prewar isolationism, there was a surprising degree of unity once the United States was involved in World War II.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Following the attack on Pearl Harbor, the Japanese withdrew into a defensive shell and waited to learn the American response.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
At first, the British and the Americans were not in agreement on where to strike back at the Nazis.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The first American military involvement in the war against Hitler more closely corresponded to British, not American, strategic ideas.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The British-American decision to invade Italy was coordinated with their plan to invade France.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The British-American invasion of Italy was applauded by the Soviet Union.    	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
No later than the early part of the war did the United States have solid evidence that the Nazis were rounding up Jews and placing them in concentration camps.  	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
World War II had its most profound impact on American domestic life by ending the Great Depression.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
World War II gave a great boost to union membership, even though the government extracted "no-strike" pledges from unions for the duration of the war.  	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
"No-strike" pledges virtually eliminated work stoppages during World War II.    	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Congress enacted a system of tax withholding through payroll deductions as a wartime measure.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
By the end of World War II, American factories were still not producing as much as the government needed.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The black strategy for social and economic improvement during World War II was to curry favor with the Roosevelt administration rather than make demands of it.  	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
At the start of World War II, black leaders organized and carried out a massive march on Washington to call the country's attention to past discrimination.  	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Substantial racial discrimination survived in all branches of the American military until well after World War II.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
During World War II, female work, like male work, was categorized by race.    	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
During World War II, the majority of women workers were employed in service sector jobs, rather than in factories.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Both the marriage rate and the divorce rate rose significantly during World War II.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
During World War II, residents of Japanese descent encountered great harassment in Hawaii and on the American mainland.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The presidential campaign of 1944 revolved primarily around domestic, rather than foreign policy, issues.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
In all, President Roosevelt had three vice presidents.    	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Congress abolished both the Civilian Conservation Corps and the Works Progress Association during World War II.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The Battle of the Bulge took place after the D-Day landing.    	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
At the end of World War II, American, British, and Russian troops together battled Nazi troops in the streets of Berlin.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
General Joseph Stilwell was a leading British military commander in the Asian theater of World War II.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The American military wanted Chinese leader Chiang Kai-shek to fight the armies of both the Japanese and Chinese communists at the same time.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The dropping of the bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki was followed by the firebombing of Tokyo.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
America's first successful test of an atomic weapon occurred before the end of the war in Europe.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Harry Truman did not know of the existence of the Manhattan Project at the time that he became president.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
In President Truman's eyes the decision to drop the atomic bomb on Hiroshima was simply a military decision.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The Soviet Union declared war on Japan after the dropping of the A-bomb on Hiroshima, but before the second A-bomb was dropped on Nagasaki.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE