The Triple Entente consisted of    	3	England, France, and the United States.   	England, France, and Japan.   	England, France, and Russia.   	England, France, and the Ottoman Empire.   	England, France, and Spain.   	
The chief rivalry in Europe on the eve of the Great War was between    	5	England and Russia.   	England and France.   	France and Germany.   	Germany and Russia.   	Germany and England.   	
The immediate cause of war in Europe in 1914 was    	4	the death of Bismarck.   	the sinking of the Lusitania.   	the alliance between Germany and Austria-Hungary.   	the assassination of the Archduke Franz Ferdinand.   	the German invasion of Belgium.   	
When war erupted in Europe in 1914, President Wilson    	3	asked the American people to be impartial.   	was in sympathy with England.   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
The American response to the British blockade of Germany was to    	4	defy it.   	stop trading with England as well.   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
The sinking of the Lusitania    	5	precipitated the American entry into World War I.   	caused the deaths of British, but not American, citizens.   	was carried out after it had been searched.   	did not anger President Wilson.   	none of the above   	
Following the Lusitania crisis,    	2	Wilson insisted that American citizens no longer had the right to travel on nonmilitary ships flying the flag of nations at war.  	Germany promised not to fire on nonmilitary ships.   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
In 1916    	5	the United States was beginning to arm itself for possible involvement in the war in Europe.  	President Wilson ran for reelection on a peace platform.   	President Wilson asked for a declaration of war.   	President Wilson was reelected.   	all of the above   	
Which statement about the election of 1916 is the LEAST accurate?    	2	Both major-party candidates could be called progressive.   	President Wilson did not want voters to think that either party favored war.  	The outcome was quite close.   	The Democrats emerged from the election in control of Congress.   	Each statement is essentially accurate.   	
Between President Wilson's reelection and his decision to ask Congress for a declaration of war against Germany,   	2	he gave a speech calling for a clear British victory.   	the German government decided to resume unrestricted submarine warfare.   	Wilson spurned the idea of creating a League of Nations.   	the czar of Russia withstood an effort to oust him from power.   	both a and b   	
The Zimmermann telegram was    	5	intercepted by the American government.   	sent by Germany to Cuba.   	designed to report on events in Russia.   	helpful to Woodrow Wilson's reelection campaign.   	none of the above   	
In March 1917, the United States moved closer to war when    	1	the czarist government of Russia was overthrown.   	the Bolsheviks came to power in Russia.   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
President Wilson's request for a declaration of war from Congress    	5	barely squeaked through the Congress.   	followed the Zimmermann telegram.   	included a request for a military draft.   	followed the German torpedoing of American ships.   	both b and d   	
American military intervention had its most immediate effect on the war    	4	in southern and eastern Europe.   	in Asia.   	in northern and western Europe.   	at sea.   	   	
The U-boat campaign of 1917    	3	was a success by German standards.   	brought the United States into the war.   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
Which country withdrew from the war in 1918 (and well before the armistice of November 11, 1918)?   	3	Austria-Hungary   	Germany   	Russia   	Japan   	Italy   	
How many governments were overthrown in Russia in 1917?    	3	none   	one   	two   	three   	   	
The United States fought World War I    	3	with a national military draft.   	under the banner of the American Expeditionary Force.   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
Which statement about the American military role in World War I is the LEAST accurate?   	2	The engagement of American combat forces was brief, but intense.   	American forces pressed the war into Germany.   	The war ended not long after Germany requested an armistice.   	The bulk of the American fighting took place in France.   	The leader of the American Expeditionary Force was General John J. Pershing.  	
To raise money for World War I, the American government resorted to which of the following two devices?   	4	taxes and foreign loans   	foreign loans and the printing press   	the printing press and bond sales   	bond sales and taxes   	taxes and the printing press   	
The administrative structure for World War I was organized    	2	by regions of the country.   	by economic function.   	by one central command within the Wilson administration.   	by Congress.   	by a combination of Congress and the White House.   	
The War Industries Board under Bernard Baruch    	1	was plagued by mismanagement and inefficiencies.   	was an example of state control of the economy.   	succeeded in limiting corporate profits.   	both b and c   	none of the above   	
Which of the following was achieved under the National War Labor Board?    	5	the eight-hour day   	equal pay for women who did equal work   	collective bargaining rights   	only a and c   	all of the first three   	
The wartime Committee on Public Information    	4	confined itself to the basic facts rather than overt propaganda.   	enforced the Espionage Act.   	was led by Wilson himself.   	encouraged journalists to exercise "self-censorship."   	none of the above   	
Who among the following was NOT a target of repressive legislation passed during World War I?   	3	Eugene Debs   	Big Bill Haywood   	George Creel   	Karl Muck   	All of the above were.   	
Which statement about American socialists and World War I is the MOST accurate?   	3	Unlike their European counterparts, American socialists generally dropped their opposition to the war once the United States was in it.  	Socialist leader Eugene Debs was tried, but not convicted, for his opposition to the war.  	Both the Espionage Act and the Sedition Act were used against American socialists.  	The Industrial Workers of the World, but not the Socialist Party, was a target of the Wilson administration.  	Each statement is essentially accurate.   	
Who among the following was NOT a target of some level of government or of private vigilante groups?   	5	Irish Americans   	German Americans   	Jewish Americans   	American radicals   	All of the above were.   	
Wilson's Fourteen Points included all of the following EXCEPT    	4	the principle of self-determination.   	free trade.   	a League of Nations.   	mandated elections in the newly created states.   	an end to secret treaties.   	
Wilson's Fourteen Points had solid support from    	4	his major European allies.   	the new Republican-controlled Congress.   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
Which statement about preparations for the post-World War I peace and the American delegation to the peace conference in Paris is NOT true?   	2	Wilson refused to appoint any important Republican to the negotiating team.  	Wilson exercised great influence over the American delegation even though he remained in Washington.  	Wilson sought to place idealism ahead of self-interest in negotiating the peace.  	Republicans were angered by Wilson's behavior during the midterm elections of 1918.  	   	
In negotiating the peace treaty following World War I, Wilson was able to secure   	4	freedom of the seas.   	an end to secret treaties.   	national self-determination.   	a League of Nations.   	all of the above   	
"Reparations"    	4	refers to money to be paid to Germany by the Allies following World War I.  	were opposed by Woodrow Wilson.   	were a part of the final peace treaty.   	both b and c   	both a and b   	
The final Treaty of Versailles    	2	was favored by Henry Cabot Lodge.   	included a League of Nations.   	was ratified by the United States Senate.   	reflected Wilson's Fourteen Points.   	none of the above   	
The "irreconcilables" were    	2	generally eastern isolationists.   	opposed to the Treaty of Versailles as it stood.   	desirous of securing ratification of the treaty by attaching reservations to it.  	of like mind with Henry Cabot Lodge.   	none of the above   	
The debate over the Treaty of Versailles    	1	saw President Wilson take his case to the American people.   	saw Wilson favor some, but not all, of the Lodge reservations.   	ended in victory for Wilson.   	saw Democratic senators vote the way Wilson wanted them to.   	none of the above   	
Wilson wanted the election of 1920 to be a "solemn referendum" on    	3	progressivism.   	his presidency.   	the League of Nations.   	the decision to enter World War I.   	his request for a third term.   	
The immediate post-World War I American economy saw    	3	a booming market for consumer goods.   	a high degree of inflation.   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
On the labor front, 1919 was witness to an unprecedented    	2	series of victories for union organizers.   	wave of strikes.   	series of union contracts containing the right to collective bargaining.   	level of labor violence.   	all of the above   	
A strike against the steel industry in 1919    	1	saw management resort to strikebreakers.   	was brief.   	led to violence on both sides, but no deaths on either side.   	ended with a victory for the workers.   	all of the above   	
Which statement about black America and World War I is the LEAST accurate?    	3	A large number of black Americans served in the war in Europe.   	Black service in World War I had very little impact on white American attitudes.  	World War I generally helped reduce black bitterness.   	World War I hastened the black exodus from the South.   	The aftermath of World War I saw an increase in racial violence.   	
The leader of black nationalism following World War I was    	4	Claude McKay.   	Booker T. Washington.   	W. E. B. Du Bois.   	Marcus Garvey.   	Langston Hughes.   	
Black leader Marcus Garvey    	5	rejected assimilation into white society.   	promoted capitalism.   	urged his supporters to leave the United States.   	both a and c   	all of the first three   	
The post-World War I Red Scare saw    	2	the deportation of American citizens.   	raids orchestrated by the Justice Department.   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
Mitchell Palmer was    	1	an official of the Wilson administration.   	an enemy of J. Edgar Hoover.   	killed during the Red Scare.   	an ally of Sacco and Vanzetti.   	none of the above   	
Sacco and Vanzetti were    	5	admitted anarchists.   	convicted of murder.   	able to escape the death sentence.   	both b and c   	both a and b   	
The Nineteenth Amendment dealt with    	4	the income tax.   	prohibition.   	the direct election of senators.   	none of the above   	   	
The election of 1920 saw    	2	Wilson run for a third term.   	the Democratic Party have a future president on its ticket.   	a close contest between the two major parties.   	Wilson's "solemn referendum" carried out successfully.   	none of the above   	
The American response to the war in Europe was to accept the British blockade of Germany and continue trading with Great Britain.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The German submarine attack on the British liner the Lusitania was done with warning and resulted in the death of more than 100 Americans.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Between 1914 and 1916 the United States gradually transformed itself from a neutral country into an arsenal of the Allies.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
President Wilson refused to endorse American military rearmament until he was reelected in 1916.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The Zimmermann telegram angered President Wilson, but it had little effect on American public opinion.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
By the time the United States declared war on Germany, both sides in the conflict were decimated and exhausted.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
American military intervention in World War I had its most immediate impact on the naval war in the Atlantic Ocean.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
After requesting a declaration of war, President Wilson waited for nearly a year before resorting to a military draft.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
By the end of World War I, American troops had pushed well into Germany itself.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The United States financed World War I by both public bond sales and a graduated income tax.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The World War I War Industries Board was a good example of the American economy under the control of the federal government.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Membership in labor unions increased significantly during and immediately after World War I.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
President Wilson and other government leaders were surprised by the divisions within the country over the decision to go to war in 1917.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The most frequent targets of the Espionage Act and the Sedition Act were anticapitalist organizations in the United States.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The Fourteen Points of President Wilson included a call for a League of Nations.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Leaders of the Allied powers initially let it be known that they were willing to go along with President Wilson's ideas for a post-World War I peace settlement.  	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Republicans captured majorities in both houses of Congress in the midterm elections of 1918.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Not only was the new Bolshevik government of Russia not a participant in the post-World War I peace conference, but American troops were sent to Russia in 1918 to support the anti-Bolshevik forces there.  	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
President Wilson was unable to win British and French support for his ideas of free trade and freedom of the seas.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
President Wilson's response to his failure to get the United States Senate to accept the Treaty of Versailles was to return to Paris and renegotiate the treaty.  	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
President Wilson and Senator Henry Cabot Lodge were able to agree on everything except the League of Nations and American participation in it.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
President Wilson gave instructions to Senate Democrats that they must vote only for a treaty with no changes in it.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The post-World War I economic boom was accompanied by a high rate of inflation.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Their participation in the American army in World War I served only to accentuate the bitterness of African Americans.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The race riots of 1919 did not just involve white people attacking black people; they also saw blacks retaliate against these attacks.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Marcus Garvey called for not only black capitalism, but black nationalism.    	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The story of the Red Scare was primarily a story of antiradical actions of the various state governments rather than any antiradical actions on the part of the federal government.  	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The Sacco and Vanzetti case is a story of the lingering effects of the Red Scare on post-World War I American society.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Passage of the Nineteenth Amendment, granting women the right to vote, marked not the beginning of an era of progressive reform, but the end of one.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Which statement about the performance of the American economy during the 1920s is the MOST accurate?   	2	This was a decade of almost uninterrupted prosperity.   	Manufacturing output rose significantly, but so did the level of inflation.  	The automobile industry was a key factor behind general economic growth.   	Inequalities between rich and poor grew more pronounced during this decade.  	Republican presidents oversaw this period of economic growth.   	
Trade associations of the 1920s    	2	were mandated by Congress.   	worked best in the mass-production industries.   	helped decentralize American industry.   	were designed to encourage consolidation and competition.   	both a and d   	
Industrialists of the 1920s had a number of fears, but the greatest was    	1	overproduction.   	a decline in the number of skilled workers.   	radical union organizations.   	presidential edicts.   	foreign competition.   	
During the 1920s the automobile and steel industries moved toward    	3	trade associations.   	genuine worker-management partnerships.   	the concentration of production in a few large firms.   	profit sharing.   	acceptance of the legitimacy of unions.   	
During the 1920s most American workers saw their standard of living    	1	rise.   	fall.   	stagnate.   	   	   	
"Welfare capitalism"    	3	did not survive the 1920s.   	was essentially paternalistic.   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
The "welfare capitalism" of the 1920s    	4	was essentially a creation of management.   	was practiced by Henry Ford.   	gave workers a measure of real control over their own economic lives.   	both a and b   	both b and c   	
Which statement about the lot of the American worker during the 1920s is the LEAST accurate?   	3	Wage increases generally ran below the growth of the economy as a whole.   	Unskilled workers did not see their wages increase much at all.   	Union membership fell as a percentage of the work force, but not in absolute numbers.  	The number of unskilled workers in the economy, many of them immigrants, rose rapidly.  	The benefits of "welfare capitalism" affected only a relatively few workers.  	
During the 1920s the American Federation of Labor    	1	remained wedded to the craft union idea.   	created an adjunct organization called the CIO (Congress of Industrial Organizations) which eventually became the AFL-CIO.  	encouraged strikes to gain wage increases.   	endorsed the "American Plan" to demonstrate their patriotism.   	took a new interest in organizing women, but not in organizing blacks.   	
A. Philip Randolph is to be associated with organizing which group of workers?   	2	women   	blacks   	Hispanics   	Asians   	eastern European immigrants   	
Which group of immigrant workers was the LEAST significant to the economy of the West and Southwest during the 1920s?   	2	the Filipinos   	the Chinese   	the Japanese   	the Hispanics   	   	
The American agricultural economy of the 1920s saw    	2	a worrisome decline in food prices.   	the number of people in the industry decline as a percentage of the total American labor force, but not in absolute terms as well.  	demand rise faster than production.   	it keep pace with the industrial economy of the country.   	all of the above   	
Advocates of the idea of "parity"    	5	urged a lowering of tariffs as well.   	achieved their goals during the 1920s.   	had the support of President Calvin Coolidge.   	wanted to keep government out of the farm economy.   	none of the above   	
The McNary-Haugen Bill dealt with    	4	banking.   	tariffs.   	trade associations.   	agriculture.   	taxes.   	
The "man nobody knows" was    	4	Henry Ford.   	Woodrow Wilson.   	the American common man.   	Jesus Christ.   	the new immigrant.   	
The book The Man Nobody Knows was written by    	1	an advertising executive.   	a politician.   	a novelist.   	an Englishman.   	none of the above   	
The growth of advertising was made possible in the 1920s by all of the following EXCEPT   	5	World War I-era propaganda.   	mass-circulation magazines.   	the movie industry.   	radio.   	all of the above   	
Which statement about women in the 1920s is NOT true?    	5	College-educated women were no longer pioneers in the 1920s.   	Most professional women remained confined to traditionally "feminine" fields.  	Most working women were nonprofessional, lower-class workers.   	Middle-class women remained largely in the home.   	Each statement is essentially accurate.   	
John B. Watson and the "behaviorists" argued that women    	3	had an instinctive capacity to be mothers.   	were uniquely susceptible to the power of advertising.   	ought to rely on the advice of experts.   	all of the above   	none of the above   	
Which phenomenon affected the lives of middle-class women during the 1920s?    	1	growing interest in birth control   	sex for the purpose of procreation   	women seeing themselves as independent of men   	the rise of Victorianism   	the declining influence of Margaret Sanger   	
During the 1920s    	5	middle-class women were beginning to see the benefits of birth control.   	birth-control devices remained illegal in many states.   	abortion remained illegal nearly everywhere.   	both b and c   	all of the first three   	
At its outset, the "flapper" lifestyle had a particular impact on    	1	lower-class women.   	middle-class women.   	upper-class women.   	women of all classes.   	   	
Alice Paul is to be associated primarily with    	3	creating a women's auxiliary of the Democratic Party.   	building the League of Women Voters.   	leading the National Woman's Party.   	pushing the Republican Party to stress women's issues.   	none of the above   	
Despite the changes of the 1920s, women remained dependent on men    	3	in the workplace.   	in the home.   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
During the 1920s a proposal for an Equal Rights Amendment met resistance from    	3	Congress.   	feminist groups.   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
The Sheppard-Towner Act    	2	was supported by Alice Paul and Margaret Sanger.   	provided federal funds for child health care.   	was not consistent with previous "protective" legislation for women.   	was a pet project of the American Medical Association.   	both b and d   	
The pose of the intellectual of the 1920s could best be described as one of    	3	patriotism.   	detachment.   	alienation.   	irony.   	boosterism.   	
Who among the following debunkedæor otherwise critiquedæmodern American society?   	4	H. L. Mencken   	Sinclair Lewis   	F. Scott Fitzgerald.   	All of the above did.   	None of the above did.   	
The poem "I, Too" was written    	4	by a product of the Harlem Renaissance.   	by Langston Hughes.   	to demonstrate one's separation from America.   	both a and b   	all of the first three   	
The Harlem Renaissance sought to provide    	3	a political challenge to racial injustice.   	a cultural challenge to racial injustice.   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
The "noble experiment" refers to    	5	women's rights.   	immigration restriction.   	isolationism.   	the Harlem Renaissance.   	none of the above   	
When the Eighteenth Amendment, prohibiting the manufacture and sale of alcohol, went into effect, it had the support of most   	3	middle-class Americans.   	progressives.   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
The Eighteenth Amendment    	3	substantially reduced drinking in the United States.   	led to considerable violation of the law.   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
The National Origins Act of 1924    	1	banned immigration from east Asia.   	discriminated against northwestern Europeans.   	was not designed to reduce the total number of immigrants, but to alter the source of those immigrants.  	included a quota system for the first time.   	none of the above   	
The Ku Klux Klan    	3	had not existed in the United States before the 1920s.   	killed Leo Frank.   	was aided by a major American film.   	both b and c   	none of the above   	
The Ku Klux Klan of the 1920s was all of the following EXCEPT    	4	antiblack.   	anti-Catholic.   	anti-Semitic.   	antinativist.   	   	
The Ku Klux Klan was fighting    	5	to preserve racial homogeneity.   	to preserve traditional culture.   	against behavior and ideas it disliked.   	both a and b   	all of the first three   	
The Scopes trial of 1925    	3	was a response to a pro-Darwin piece of legislation.   	involved the American Civil Liberties Union on the side of the state.   	put a former presidential candidate in the courtroom.   	led to a verdict of innocence.   	none of the above   	
In the Scopes trial of 1925, Clarence Darrow    	5	was denied a chance to put scholarly experts on the Bible on the stand.   	was able to put William Jennings Bryan on the stand.   	failed to get Bryan to admit the possibility of biblical interpretation.   	both b and c   	both a and b   	
The Scopes trial of 1925    	4	put fundamentalists on the defensive.   	discouraged fundamentalists from participating in politics.   	resolved the conflict between fundamentalists and modernists.   	both a and b   	all of the first three   	
Which statement about the political parties of the 1920s is the MOST accurate?   	1	The Democratic Party was seriously divided between its urban and rural factions.  	The Republican Party was seriously divided between its urban and rural factions.  	Both parties were seriously divided between these two factions.   	Neither party was divided between these two factions.   	   	
Which statement about Al Smith is NOT true?    	5	He was a Democrat.   	He was supported by Tammany Hall.   	He was opposed by the Ku Klux Klan.   	He was nominated by his party for president.   	He lost a presidential race to Calvin Coolidge.   	
The election of 1928 saw    	2	a Democrat win.   	the Democratic candidate not carry the entire South for the first time since the Civil War.  	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
In the election of 1928    	2	the Democrats were a united party.   	the Republicans ran a candidate who personified the new middle-class society of the 1920s.  	a Catholic was elected to the presidency.   	the Democrats did poorly in the large cities.   	none of the above   	
The presidency of Warren Harding    	1	was ridden with scandals.   	was characterized by vigorous national leadership.   	led to the imprisonment of Eugene Debs.   	ended in his defeat for reelection.   	both a and c   	
Warren Harding and Calvin Coolidge were similar in their    	3	personalities.   	value systems.   	approaches to the office of president.   	both b and c   	all of the first three   	
Prior to becoming president,    	4	neither Harding nor Coolidge had ever held elective office.   	Harding, but not Coolidge, had held elective office.   	Coolidge, but not Harding, had held elective office.   	both Harding and Coolidge had held elective office.   	   	
As president, Coolidge    	1	faced a challenge from Robert La Follette.   	was elected twice.   	was defeated for reelection.   	both a and b   	none of the above   	
During the 1920s Andrew Mellon and Herbert Hoover were both    	2	critics of Republican government.   	cabinet members.   	touched by scandal.   	opponents of the "new culture."   	none of the above   	
As Treasury secretary, Andrew Mellon worked to cut    	3	income taxes.   	inheritance taxes.   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
The concept of "associationalism" is to be associated primarily with    	4	Calvin Coolidge.   	Andrew Mellon.   	Henry Ford.   	Herbert Hoover.   	Al Smith.   	
As Commerce secretary, Herbert Hoover saw himself as    	1	a progressive.   	a believer in a larger federal government.   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
The 1920s saw considerable prosperity, but not without a high rate of inflation.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
To be most effective, the trade associations of the 1920s worked best in small industries.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Most American workers saw their standard of living rise during the 1920s.    	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The "welfare capitalism" of the 1920s affected only a small number of American workers.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Workers' wage increases during the 1920s were proportionately far below the growth of the economy as a whole.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Union membership did not grow during the 1920s, but it at least held its own.    	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Champions of parity for farmers urged high tariffs against foreign agricultural competition.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The new mass culture of the 1920s could not erase the increasing diversity of the United States during that same decade.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
During the 1920s most employed women were nonprofessional, lower-class workers.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
During the 1920s "behaviorists" grudgingly accepted the notion that women had an instinctive capacity for being mothers.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
College-educated women were the real pioneers of the 1920s.    	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Despite the great advances made by the women's movement during the 1920s, most American women remained dependent on men at the close of the decade.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Feminists such as Alice Paul were enthusiastic supporters of the Sheppard Towner Act because it provided federal funds for child health care.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
H. L. Mencken, Sinclair Lewis, and F. Scott Fitzgerald are all examples of writers who were determined to describe American society and reform it.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
When prohibition went into effect in 1920, it is safe to say that it had the support of not only most middle-class Americans, but most progressives as well.  	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Prohibition did substantially reduce drinking in most parts of the United States.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Immigration restriction was a popular political issue during the 1920s.    	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The nativism of the 1920s was confined largely to the issue of immigration restriction.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
During the 1920s the Ku Klux Klan grew increasingly focused on its antiblack agenda.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
To the great alarm of modernists, fundamentalism was gaining political power during the middle of the 1920s.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The Scopes trial of 1925 resulted in a guilty verdict, but it also put fundamentalists on the defensive.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
More so than the Republicans, the Democrats of the 1920s consisted of a diverse coalition of interest groups.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
In 1928 Democratic candidate Al Smith did quite well in large cities, but he was the first Democrat since the Civil War not to carry the entire South.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
During the 1920s the federal government enjoyed a supportive relationship with the American business community.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Both Warren Harding and Calvin Coolidge took essentially passive approaches to the presidency.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Unlike Harding, Coolidge rose to the presidency on the basis of few substantive accomplishments.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Herbert Hoover's idea of voluntarism required that the federal government remain essentially passive.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The Great Depression was caused by all of the following EXCEPT    	5	the stock market crash of October 1929.   	the lack of diversification in the American economy.   	the maldistribution of purchasing power.   	the weaknesses in consumer demand.   	the conservative lending philosophies of the larger banks.   	
By the late 1920s the demand in Europe for American goods was    	3	rising.   	holding its own.   	declining.   	virtually nonexistent.   	   	
Which statement about post-World War I international economic policy is NOT accurate?   	4	America's European allies owed significant sums of money to United States banks.  	Germany and Austria had to make reparations payments to the Allies.   	The United States government was not willing to reduce the debts owed by its wartime allies.  	the United States was willing to reduce tariffs, thereby opening its markets to European goods.  	Germany and Austria were unable to make their reparations payments.   	
The most immediateæand most seriousæeconomic problem following the stock market crash was   	1	the collapse of a large share of the country's banking system.   	rampant inflation.   	the continuing overproduction of goods.   	European demands for American credit.   	the lack of capital for new investment.   	
In response to the collapse of the economy, the Federal Reserve system made matters worse by   	2	shutting down.   	raising interest rates.   	closing private banks.   	expanding the money supply.   	both b and c   	
For the bulk of the 1930s, unemployment averaged approximately    	2	10 percent.   	20 percent.   	30 percent.   	   	   	
What fraction of American farmers lost their land during the Great Depression?   	3	one-tenth   	one-fifth   	one-third   	one-half   	   	
Blacks who moved from the rural South to the urban North during the Great Depression found   	1	less blatant discrimination.   	economic conditions that were a good deal better.   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
The Scottsboro case saw    	4	a white jury convict black defendants.   	the involvement of the Communist Party.   	the Supreme Court of the United States uphold the convictions.   	both a and b   	both b and c   	
During the 1930s the NAACP placed new emphasis on    	4	education for blacks.   	the vote for blacks.   	ending segregation of blacks.   	opening labor unions to blacks.   	financing black capitalism.   	
In response to the Great Depression, Mexican Americans    	1	began to migrate to cities.   	could, like African Americans, turn to social facilities and institutions of their own.  	were, like Japanese Americans, able to outbid white migrants for low paying jobs.  	both a and b   	both a and c   	
The Japanese American Citizens League    	3	was organized primarily by business and professional people.   	promoted assimilation of Japanese Americans.   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
During the Great Depression,    	3	the notion that a married woman's proper place was in the home grew stronger.  	women worked outside the home in significant numbers, despite public opposition to the practice.  	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
During the Great Depression, the largest group of new female workers was composed of   	3	single white women.   	minority women.   	wives and mothers.   	immigrant women.   	middle- and upper-class women.   	
During the Great Depression,    	4	professional opportunities for women declined.   	female industrial workers were more likely to be laid off than their male counterparts.  	nonprofessional women's jobs were more likely to disappear than male industrial jobs.  	both a and b   	all of the first three   	
On the whole, for feminists the Depression years were a time of    	2	surprising opportunity.   	great frustration.   	going underground.   	utter alienation.   	government programs.   	
During the Great Depression, which of the following declined?    	5	the divorce rate   	the marriage rate   	the birth rate   	only b and c   	all of the first three   	
During the Great Depression, most Americans tended to blame their problems on    	3	government.   	big business.   	themselves.   	foreigners.   	communists.   	
Which statement about the impact of the Great Depression on American values is the LEAST accurate?   	2	It led many Americans to redouble their commitment to traditional values.   	It virtually destroyed the American success ethic.   	American social values changed very little in response to the Depression.   	Americans no longer tended to believe that the individual was in control of his/her fate.  	Each statement is essentially accurate.   	
The Farm Security Administration sought to record the Great Depression primarily by   	2	publishing radical propaganda.   	taking photographs.   	sponsoring short stories and novels.   	compiling oral histories.   	issuing radio reports.   	
Which section of the country was chronicled in Tobacco Road and Let Us Now Praise Famous Men?   	3	the Far West   	the East   	the South   	the Midwest   	the Ohio Valley   	
Story lines over radio and in the movies concentrated on what during the 1930s?   	4	the docudrama   	political themes   	corruption in high places   	escapism   	the West   	
Who among the following was a novelist during the 1930s?    	3	Frank Capra   	Dale Carnegie   	John Steinbeck   	Walker Evans   	Lloyd Stryker   	
The "Abraham Lincoln brigade" is to be associated with    	2	the radical right.   	the Spanish Civil War.   	veterans of World War I.   	the "bonus marchers."   	a Civil War veterans' organization.   	
The "Popular Front"    	5	included communists.   	advertised itself as Democratic.   	was antifascist.   	only b and c   	all of the first three   	
The American Communist Party    	3	sought to ally itself with African-American causes.   	was under the close supervision of the Soviet Union.   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
The American Communist Party responded to Stalin's nonaggression pact with Nazi Germany   	3	by vocally disagreeing with Stalin's decision.   	with utter silence.   	by following Moscow's "party line."   	   	   	
The Southern Tenant Farmers Union    	1	sought to organize across racial lines.   	was supported by the American Communist Party.   	helped establish socialism as a major force in American politics during the Great Depression.  	was a creation of the Roosevelt administration.   	none of the above   	
President Hoover responded to the onset of the Great Depression by first    	3	proposing a series of far-reaching reforms.   	shutting down the bank system until confidence in it could be restored.   	urging voluntary cooperation from business leaders.   	calling for a tax increase to prevent a federal deficit.   	raising the tariff rates.   	
During his presidency, Herbert Hoover    	4	grew increasingly willing to resort to federal spending to pull the country out of the Depression.  	was consistently opposed to any level of federal spending.   	was consistently willing to use federal monies to help end the Depression.  	grew increasingly less willing to resort to federal spending.   	   	
Which Hoover initiative helped the American farmer?    	4	the Agricultural Marketing Act   	the Hawley-Smoot Tariff   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
The Agricultural Marketing Act    	4	sought to help farmers maintain prices.   	relied on voluntary cooperation.   	led to a rise in farm prices.   	both a and c   	both a and b   	
The Reconstruction Finance Corporation    	3	was a nongovernmental agency.   	was opposed by President Hoover.   	loaned money to businesses and government.   	was consistent with Hoover notions of voluntarism.   	none of the above   	
The Reconstruction Finance Corporation    	1	financed public works projects.   	had a significant impact on solving the problems of the Depression.   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
The Farmers' Holiday Association    	2	began in the South.   	sought to carry out a farmers' strike.   	drew President Hoover's support.   	helped trigger the Great Depression.   	wanted to reduce the farmers' workday.   	
The "Bonus Army" of 1932    	3	marched from Washington to points west.   	got what it wanted from the federal government.   	was a story of the United States Army turning on American veterans.   	wanted Congress to pass a social security system.   	temporarily aided Hoover's weakening political position.   	
Prior to 1932, Franklin Roosevelt had been all of the following EXCEPT    	2	a member of the Wilson administration.   	vice president of the United States.   	governor of New York.   	a victim of a debilitating disease.   	a long-time Democrat.   	
The election of 1932 saw    	3	the Democratic candidate win handily.   	an incumbent president defeated.   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
Prior to assuming the presidency, Franklin Roosevelt promised outgoing President Hoover that he would not   	5	engage in heavy borrowing.   	unbalance the federal budget.   	inflate the currency.   	lower the tariff rate.   	none of the above   	
The sudden financial collapse of 1929 did not come as a great shock to President Hoover.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Speculative fever was increasing during the summer and early fall of 1929.    	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The Great Depression that began with the stock market crash of October 1929 had more important causes than that "crash."   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
What is remarkable about the Great Depression is not that it occurred, but that it lasted so long.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Expenditures on construction declined over the three years preceding the stock market crash.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
During the 1920s most American banks were quite conservative, but some major banks were quite reckless in their stock market investments.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
In order to ease economic problems in Europe, the United States government was willing to scale down the war debts stemming from World War I.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Following the "great crash," the Federal Reserve system lowered interest rates in an effort to revive the American economy.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
During the 1930s the American farm economy still produced far more than American consumers were able to buy.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Farm income may have declined significantly during the early part of the Depression, but very few farmers actually lost their land.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
As the Depression began, more than half of all black Americans still lived in the South.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Those blacks who migrated to northern cities during the Great Depression found conditions little better than in the South.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Traditional patterns of segregation and disenfranchisement in the South were not significantly challenged during the Great Depression.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The white juries who sat on the Scottsboro case never acquitted any of the defendants.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The Supreme Court eventually overturned the convictions of the Scottsboro boys.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Despite hard economic times in the United States, very few Chicanos left the United States for Mexico during the Great Depression.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The Japanese American Citizens League was designed to promote greater assimilation of Japanese Americans.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
During the 1930s the general assumption that married women should not work outside the home did, for the most part, stop them from doing so.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Black women in the South had some cushion against the Great Depression because there was always a need for domestic service workers.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
At the end of the 1930s a higher percentage of black women were employed than was the case for white women.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The Great Depression hurt women economically, but it did not damage the fledgling feminist movement.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
During the Great Depression both the marriage rate and the divorce rate declined.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
American social values were changed dramatically by the Great Depression.    	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The staple of radio broadcasting during the 1930s was escapism.    	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
During the 1930s the American Communist Party was always under the close supervision of the Soviet Union.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Even though it was a segregated organization, the Southern Tenant Farmers Union sought to improve the lives of sharecroppers.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
President Hoover was radicalized by the Great Depression.    	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
President Hoover did attempt to use federal spending to fight the Great Depression.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Both the Agricultural Marketing Act and the Hawley-Smoot Tariff provided significant help to American farmers.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Much of the money lent by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation went to large banks and corporations.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Farm strikes in the Midwest during the Great Depression were surprisingly successful.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The "bonus marchers" of 1932 demanded that Congress appropriate money for World War I veterans.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Prior to 1932 Franklin Roosevelt had never held elective office.    	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
During the 1920s Franklin Roosevelt had generally avoided divisive cultural issues.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Franklin Roosevelt won a solid mandate in 1932, but it was not very clear what he would do with it.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Prior to his inauguration, Franklin Roosevelt promised outgoing President Hoover that he would not unbalance the budget.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE