Mark Twain referred to the two decades following Reconstruction as the    	2	Age of Excess.   	Gilded Age.   	new Civil War.   	Age of Disequilibrium.   	Great Barbeque.   	
The most striking feature of the late-nineteenth-century two-party system was its   	1	remarkable stability.   	general responsiveness.   	freedom from corruption.   	utter irrelevance.   	ideological divide.   	
Which statement about late-nineteenth-century competition between the two major parties is the MOST accurate?   	1	The Republicans generally captured the presidency.   	Most states fluctuated between the two major parties.   	While elections were generally quite close, the Democrats usually captured Congress.  	Each statement is essentially accurate.   	None of the above is accurate.   	
Which statement about voter turnout in the late nineteenth century is MOST accurate?   	3	It was quite high for presidential elections, but dropped off dramatically in nonpresidential election years.  	It was generally low for both.   	It was generally high for both.   	It was fairly low for presidential elections, but rose significantly for nonpresidential election years.  	   	
In the late nineteenth century the Republican Party dominated    	1	presidential elections.   	congressional elections.   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
The high degree of party loyalty in the late nineteenth century is explained primarily by   	3	the distinct position each party took on the major issues.   	one's occupation.   	one's regional identity.   	one's religious and/or ethnic background.   	one's income.   	
In the late nineteenth century the Democrats tended to attract great numbers of   	5	Catholics.   	recent immigrants.   	poorer workers.   	both a and b   	all of the first three   	
Late-nineteenth-century Republican voters tended to favor    	3	immigration restriction.   	temperance legislation.   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
The post-Civil War military pension system    	2	led to the creation of a general old-age pension system.   	was linked to party patronage and corruption.   	was introduced by believers in "good government."   	paid both Union and Confederate soldiers.   	excluded women.   	
The political battles between Stalwarts and Half-Breeds constituted battles    	1	within the Republican Party.   	between Democrats and Republicans.   	outside the two-party system entirely.   	within the Democratic Party.   	within third and fourth parties.   	
"Lemonade Lucy" is to be associated with    	4	James A. Garfield.   	Roscoe Conkling.   	James G. Blaine.   	Rutherford B. Hayes.   	Samuel Tilden.   	
James A. Garfield was    	5	a Half-Breed.   	a Republican.   	assassinated.   	only b and c   	all of the first three   	
Chester A. Arthur    	3	was a Stalwart and a believer in the "spoils system."   	signed the Pendleton Act, which created a national civil service.   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
"Mugwumps" were    	3	"liberal Republicans."   	people sympathetic to James G. Blaine.   	people who left the Republican Party to vote for Grover Cleveland.   	assimilated Native Americans.   	whites sympathetic to Native Americans.   	
Grover Cleveland    	4	accused his enemies of advocating "rum, Romanism, and rebellion."   	was reluctant to use the veto.   	saw the necessity of high tariffs.   	served nonconsecutive presidential terms.   	flaunted his suspicions of reformers.   	
The Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890    	5	passed without significant opposition.   	was regarded as a largely symbolic piece of legislation.   	was steadily weakened by the courts.   	was used against labor unions.   	all of the above   	
The Republican Party of the late nineteenth century was interested primarily in   	3	refighting the Civil War.   	racial harmony.   	the tariff issue.   	the plight of the ex-slave.   	the prohibition of alcohol.   	
The Sherman Antitrust Act was used against    	3	business.   	labor.   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
The McKinley Act of 1890 dealt with    	3	pensions.   	recreation.   	the tariff.   	civil service reform.   	states' rights.   	
As president, Grover Cleveland    	5	supported tariff reductions.   	lost a battle for reelection.   	permitted an income tax proposal to become law.   	both a and b   	all of the first three   	
Which of the following was the party of "rum, Romanism, and rebellion"?    	4	the Republicans   	the Greenbackers   	the Populists   	the Democrats   	none of the above   	
The so-called Granger Laws were designed to    	2	link West and East.   	regulate railroads.   	regulate banks.   	root out corruption.   	provide loans to farmers.   	
In dealing with late-nineteenth-century economic problems, the federal government lacked   	3	the will to effect significant reform.   	the institutional capacity to bring about significant change.   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
Which group of Americans watched the performance of the federal government in the 1880s with the MOST dismay?   	1	farmers   	bankers   	women   	immigrants   	owners of railroads   	
Which of the following is the correct chronological order?    	3	The Farmers' Alliances were created first, followed by the Grange movement and then the People's Party.  	The People's Party was created first, followed by the Farmers' Alliances and then the Grange movement.  	The Grange movement was created first, followed by the Farmers' Alliances and the People's Party.  	The Farmers' Alliances were created first, followed by the People's Party and then the Grange movement.  	The Grange movement was created first, followed by the People's Party and then the Farmers' Alliance system.  	
The Farmers' Alliance system    	1	was more widespread than the Grange movement.   	was limited to the Midwest.   	concentrated on politics, rather than economics.   	made a third-party movement unnecessary.   	none of the above   	
The election of 1892 saw the    	5	debut of the People's Party at the game of presidential politics.   	People's Party win electoral votes.   	Democrats win the presidency.   	both a and c   	all of the first three   	
The People's Party appealed to    	1	small farmers.   	old Knights of Labor workers.   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
The People's Party tended to appeal to farmers who    	3	relied on one crop.   	had little access to credit.   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
In 1892 the People's Party called for    	4	a system of "subtreasuries."   	an end to capitalism.   	the abolition of national banks.   	both a and c   	both b and c   	
Which of the following did the People's Party NOT call for?    	2	direct election of senators   	a higher tariff   	a graduated income tax   	an end to absentee landownership   	inflation of the currency   	
The dominant force behind the Populist movement of the 1890s was    	2	racial and ethnic bigotry.   	a rejection of laissez-faire ideas.   	women's rights.   	reform of the Democratic Party.   	an alliance with labor.   	
The Panic of 1893    	4	hit while Grover Cleveland was president.   	triggered the most severe depression that had hit the United States to that point in its history.  	put Coxey's Army out of business.   	both a and b   	both a and c   	
Jacob Coxey    	5	led the Pullman strike.   	stressed government ownership of the railroads.   	was President Cleveland's chief economic adviser.   	helped organize the People's Party.   	none of the above   	
Jacob Coxey was    	5	a businessman.   	a Populist.   	an advocate of inflation.   	both b and c   	all of the first three   	
The "Crime of '73"    	3	officially discontinued the coinage of silver.   	reflected economic reality at the time it occurred.   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
Which group of Americans was MOST determined to undo the "Crime of '73?"    	3	bankers   	government officials   	silver-mine owners   	eastern businessmen   	criminals   	
The Sherman Silver Purchase Act called for the federal government to    	1	purchase silver.   	coin silver.   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
President Cleveland faced the severe economic problem of    	2	too much money in circulation.   	declining gold reserves.   	bankers demanding the "free coinage of silver."   	farmers worried about excessive inflation.   	banks failing at an alarming rate.   	
The election of 1896 was a contest between    	4	William McKinley and Grover Cleveland.   	Grover Cleveland and James Weaver.   	James Weaver and William Jennings Bryan.   	William Jennings Bryan and William McKinley.   	Grover Cleveland and William Jennings Bryan.   	
In the election of 1896 the Republicans    	3	endorsed a high tariff.   	opposed the free coinage of silver.   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
In the election of 1896 the Democrats    	1	rejected the philosophy of an incumbent president.   	nominated a candidate committed to the gold standard.   	ran a southerner for president for the first time since the Civil War.   	spurned the People's Party.   	none of the above   	
Which section of the country remained the MOST loyal to Grover Cleveland?    	2	the South   	the East   	the Far West   	the Midwest   	none of the above   	
In 1896 the majority of the Democrats called for    	5	an income tax.   	more control over the trusts.   	free silver.   	both b and c   	all of the first three   	
In 1896 the Populists    	3	supported the free-silver cause with greater passion than William Jennings Bryan did.  	were pleased that the Democrats joined with them on a variety of issues.   	fused with the Democrats for the campaign against the Republicans.   	were philosophically closer to Grover Cleveland than to William Jennings Bryan.  	accepted both the Democratic presidential and vice presidential candidates.  	
In the election of 1896 William Jennings Bryan became the first presidential candidate to   	1	take his case directly to the American people.   	fail to carry a single state.   	ask for a recount.   	raise his own money fro his campaign.   	lose the electoral college vote, but win the popular vote.   	
William Jennings Bryan's campaign style attracted    	1	old-stock Protestant voters.   	urban ethnic voters.   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
The election of 1896 resulted in    	3	a resurgence for the Populist movement.   	the reelection of an incumbent president.   	a victory for higher tariffs.   	abandonment of the gold standard.   	the defeat of a conservative.   	
Which of the following benefited American agriculture during the 1890s?    	4	foreign crop failures   	new discoveries of gold   	the triumph of the Populist platform   	both a and b   	both b and c   	
Party loyalty in the late nineteenth century was grounded in issues of public policy.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The two-party system of the late nineteenth century was remarkably stable.    	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The Democratic Party was clearly the dominant party of the late nineteenth century.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Voter turnout for presidential elections in the late nineteenth century was much higher in terms of percentages than is the case today.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
White southerners in the late nineteenth century were generally Democratic.    	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Party identification in the late nineteenth century was usually a reflection more of cultural identity than of economic calculation.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The Republican Party of the late nineteenth century appealed primarily to Protestants, north and south.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
President Cleveland generally questioned the wisdom of protective tariffs.    	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The presidential campaign of 1888 was the first since the Civil War to deal with a clear economic difference between the two major parties.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Benjamin Harrison was the first president since John Quincy Adams to be directly related to a previous president.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 was largely a symbolic measure.    	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The Republican Party was generally the party of high tariffs in the late nineteenth century.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Democratic President Grover Cleveland was fairly consistent in his belief in and commitment to minimal government.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The Grange movement was not just social in nature; it engaged in politics as well.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Like the Granges, the Farmers' Alliances formed cooperatives and other marketing mechanisms.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The new People's Party sought to bring together farmers and urban workers.    	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
During its short life, Populism was able to attract significant labor support.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Unfortunately, bigotry was the dominant force behind the Populist movement.    	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The Populist movement offered a critique of and challenge to industrialization, capitalism, and laissez-faire orthodoxies.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The repercussions of the Panic of 1893 could still be felt during the presidential campaign of 1896.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The economic collapse of the 1890s was the worst to that point in American history.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Until the 1870s the United States coined both gold and silver.    	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
President Cleveland damaged himself politically when he moved to repeal the Sherman Silver Purchase Act.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
In 1896 the Democratic Party sought to appeal primarily to voters in the West and South.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
In 1896 the Populists refused to join with the Democrats.    	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
William Jennings Bryan's campaign appealed to old-stock Protestants even as it disturbed Catholic voters.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Once he was safely in office, President McKinley abandoned the gold standard.    	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
During the late nineteenth century the supply of money did not keep pace with economic progress.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE