The 1920 census revealed that    	3	the frontier had closed.   	the American population was beginning to age.   	a majority of Americans now lived in "urban" areas.   	the rate of immigration was declining.   	women now outnumbered men.   	
The most important source of urban population growth in the late nineteenth century was supplied by   	2	southern blacks.   	European immigrants.   	a rise in the domestic birth rate.   	Asian immigrants.   	rural whites.   	
The new immigrants of the late nineteenth century had    	4	sufficient capital to buy farmland.   	enough education to begin establishing themselves in professions rather quickly.  	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
The immigrant population in late-nineteenth-century American cities    	2	was confined to a few European countries.   	comprised a decided majority of a number of major cities.   	had generally emigrated from European cities.   	dispersed and Americanized quite rapidly.   	none of the above   	
Which immigrant group advanced economically the LEAST rapidly?    	1	the Irish   	the Germans   	the Jews   	   	   	
Most immigrants were    	5	adapting from a rural past to an urban present.   	fairly young.   	desired to assimilate.   	only b and c   	all of the first three   	
Which generation of immigrants was the MOST likely to break ties with its European past?   	2	the first   	the second   	the third   	   	   	
Assimilation of immigrants was encouraged by    	5	native-born Americans.   	public schools.   	church leaders.   	capitalism.   	all of the above   	
The American Protective Association directed its animosities primarily at    	4	Jews.   	blacks.   	Asians.   	Catholics.   	Slavs.   	
The Immigration Restriction League    	2	fought to ban all immigration.   	proposed screening immigrants through literacy tests.   	wanted to ban Asian, but not European, immigration.   	sought to place a tax on arriving immigrants.   	none of the above   	
The first group of immigrants to be excluded from the United States on the basis of their nationality were the   	1	Chinese.   	Japanese.   	Filipinos.   	Koreans.   	East Indians.   	
The first suburbs surrounding American cities were populated largely by    	3	poor people.   	the working class.   	the moderately well-to-do.   	people of great wealth.   	   	
In the late nineteenth century the population density of Manhattan was    	1	greater than that of the most crowded cities of Europe.   	about the same as that of the most crowded cities of Europe.   	significantly less than that of the most crowded cities of Europe.   	   	   	
Jacob Riis    	1	was himself an immigrant.   	comforted middle-class Americans.   	chronicled the lives of the wealthy.   	praised tenements as at least an improvement over conditions in urban Europe.  	none of the above   	
The tenements of urban America    	2	originally referred to slum dwellings.   	predated the Civil War.   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
Which mode of urban mass transportation was NOT available as of World War I?    	5	horsecars   	elevated railroads   	subways   	electric trolley lines   	All of the above were.   	
In late-nineteenth-century American cities the murder rate was    	1	rising (even as it was declining in European cities).   	declining (even as it was rising in European cities).   	rising (as it was rising in European cities).   	declining (as it was declining in European cities).   	holding steady (as was the case in European cities).   	
Theodore Dreiser's novel Sister Carrie dealt with the urban plight of    	2	immigrant families.   	single women.   	rural American families.   	those falling down the economic ladder.   	radicals.   	
Most of the early urban immigrant political bosses were    	4	German.   	Italian.   	Jewish.   	Irish.   	Scandinavian.   	
Urban political bosses    	4	gave out patronage.   	found work for the unemployed.   	provided poor relief.   	all of the above   	none of the above   	
"Honest graft"    	2	was just another term for covert graft.   	depended on advance information.   	referred to kickbacks from contractors.   	was opposed by Tammany Hall.   	was not really graft at all.   	
Rule by political bosses was made possible by    	4	immigrant voters.   	wealthy citizens.   	reformist outrage.   	only a and b   	all of the first three   	
America's buying habits were transformed by    	5	mail-order catalogs.   	department stores.   	"chain stores."   	only a and c   	all of the first three   	
The National Consumers League    	2	was founded by a man.   	dealt primarily with women's issues.   	concentrated mainly on improving people's buying habits.   	ignored work-related issues.   	none of the above   	
Florence Kelley sought to    	3	mobilize the power of women as consumers.   	improve women's wages and working conditions.   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
The nineteenth-century game of "rounders" became the modern sport of    	2	basketball.   	baseball.   	golf.   	football.   	   	
Which of the following was the first professional baseball league?    	1	the National League   	the American Association   	the American League   	the Federal League   	   	
Alexander Cartwright and James Naismith are to be associated with which sport(s)?   	4	basketball and baseball, respectively   	football and basketball, respectively   	baseball and football, respectively   	baseball and basketball, respectively   	basketball and football, respectively   	
Which statement about nineteenth-century American football is the LEAST accurate?   	3	Early football was close to the sport of rugby.   	Early football appealed to upper-class American males.   	The sources of the appeal of football were similar to those of baseball.   	College football rose to prominence before professional football did.   	Each statement is generally accurate.   	
James Naismith set down the first set of rules for the sport of    	4	baseball.   	football.   	rugby.   	basketball.   	boxing.   	
In which sport(s) did women of the late nineteenth century participate?    	5	tennis   	golf   	basketball   	only a and b   	all of the above   	
Vaudeville was    	3	initially inexpensive to produce.   	open to black performers.   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
D. W. Griffith is to be associated with    	2	vaudeville.   	racist plots.   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
Popular entertainment of the late nineteenth century generally    	2	had a private, rather than a public, quality to it.   	did not bridge class or racial differences.   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
Who among the following is NOT to be associated with pioneering in mass communications?   	4	William Randolph Hearst   	Joseph Pulitzer   	Edward Bok   	Henry Adams   	D. W. Griffith   	
The high culture of the late nineteenth century was    	4	shaped by the growth of the city.   	largely new to the industrial elite.   	something attractive to both the elite and the masses.   	both a and b   	none of the above   	
Which writer could LEAST be associated with the trend toward realism in American literature?   	1	Mark Twain   	Upton Sinclair   	Frank Norris   	Theodore Dreiser   	Stephen Crane   	
A major realistic novel written by a woman was    	2	The Jungle.   	The Awakening.   	Portrait of a Lady.   	Maggie: A Girl of the Streets.   	Sister Carrie.   	
Which author produced a very important autobiography?    	3	Theodore Dreiser   	Upton Sinclair   	Henry Adams   	Stephen Crane   	Frank Norris   	
Who among the following was NOT a painter?    	4	John Sloan   	George Bellows   	Edward Hopper   	Henry Adams   	John Singer Sargent   	
The artistic movement known as modernism    	3	praised the achievements of the elites.   	was another name for the genteel tradition.   	portrayed the ordinary, even the coarse.   	all of the above   	none of the above   	
Biological Darwinism helped spawn    	5	Social Darwinism.   	an organized Protestant fundamentalism.   	pragmatism.   	both a and c   	all of the first three   	
According to the philosophy of pragmatism, society should be guided by    	4	moral principles.   	inherited ideals.   	leaders.   	scientific inquiry.   	tradition.   	
Which thinker is to be LEAST associated with scientific methods?    	5	Charles Darwin   	William Graham Sumner   	Edward A. Ross   	John Dewey   	Henry James   	
Which statement about higher education in the late nineteenth century is the LEAST accurate?   	3	Major philanthropists founded new universities.   	It benefited from the Morrill Act.   	Unlike primary and secondary education, serious efforts were made to provide equal access to minorities.  	This was a time of rapid expansion.   	Land-grant colleges began to admit women.   	
Female college graduates    	3	married later than those women who did not attend or finish college.   	generally did marry.   	both a and b   	neither a nor b   	   	
The great movement of people from the country to the city was not unique to the United States.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Without immigration, American cities would have grown relatively slowly.    	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The phenomenon of migration from country to city was confined largely to white Americans; black migration of any consequence did not take place until after World War I.  	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The new immigrants of the late nineteenth century generally lacked the capital to buy farmland.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Among the new immigrant arrivals to late-nineteenth-century America, no single national group could be said to have dominated the scene.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Most of the new immigrants of the late nineteenth century were rural people.    	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Prejudice against immigrants was so strong that it mattered very little whether or not a new immigrant arrived in the United States with an important skill.  	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The assimilation process of the late nineteenth century was aided by the public schools.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Efforts to restrict the numbers of immigrants coming into the United States had met with little success by the end of the nineteenth century.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
In late-nineteenth-century cities it was not uncommon for the very wealthy to live in the heart of the city.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
At the end of the nineteenth century the population density of Manhattan was higher than that of the most crowded cities of Europe.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Electric trolleys were in use in American cities before World War I.    	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Reform organizations of the late nineteenth century proved to be more permanent than the urban political machines.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The new consumerism of the late nineteenth century included the buying of food, but not the purchase of clothing.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
The new consumer economy appealed to women as consumers and hired women as salesclerks.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
In professional baseball the American League was created before the National League.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Both baseball and football appealed primarily to working-class males.    	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
By the turn of the century, professional baseball and professional football were both important spectator sports.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
By the end of the nineteenth century, women were playing tennis and golf, but women's colleges had yet to introduce sport to their students.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Much of the popular entertainment at the turn of the century had a public dimension to it.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Mass entertainment of the late nineteenth century was a place where people from different classes could easily gather together.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Both Mark Twain and Stephen Crane found a market by writing novels which explained the city to their readers.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Modernism in art was a phenomenon still confined to Europe at the turn of the century.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
In art, modernists sought to reinforce the "genteel tradition."    	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
It can be said that Darwinism helped spawn the philosophy of pragmatism.    	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
Pragmatic philosopher John Dewey promoted a democratic approach to education.    	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
By the turn of the century, primary and secondary education were nearly universal in the United States.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
By the end of the nineteenth century most public high schools readily accepted women.   	1	TRUE   	FALSE   	   	   	   	
For almost all late-nineteenth-century American women, higher education was simply a prelude to marriage.   	2	TRUE   	FALSE