Milpa farming among the Yucatec Maya, as illustrated in the film



A. requires that new fields be cleared for planting every 2 or 3 years, while the previous fields are left to lie fallow.


B. illustrates how women do most of the food-producing work in the fields in horticultural societies such as this.


C. results in the over-use and abuse of the land, ultimately destroying it for any further agricultural use.


D. requires the use of draft animals and plows to turn the deep clay-ey soil.


E. All of the above.


Answer: A
The point of the discussion in your study guide about the two other Mayan villages, Chan Kom and Xaibe, was to demonstrate



A. that the extended family structure shown in the film really is characteristic of all Mayan villages that do milpa farming.


B. how people will alter their subsistence patterns in whatever way they need to, in order to maintain their preferred form of family life.


C. that the form of family structure, even within a single culture, will change to fit local subsistence and economic needs.


D. that the Mayan extended family is the only possible response to the demands of milpa farming, and that it disappears as soon as the villagers turn to other means of subsistence.


E. that government interference in traditional village economics tends to destroy the fabric of existence and leave villages worse off economically than they were before.


Answer: C
Among the Yucatec Maya filmed by Hubert Smith, child-rearing practices in the two Mayan families tend to foster which of the following attributes or personality traits in the children?



A. Aggressiveness in boys, passiveness in girls


B. Dependence on others, especially family


C. Competitiveness in productive activities or in school


D. Individualism and self-reliance


E. Creativity, imagination, and problem-solving


Answer: B
The difficulties experienced by Reymundo Colli's two youngest sons, when sent to school in the city, were primarily due to which of the following circumstances or cultural patterns?



A. In their extended families, Mayan children frequently are subject to little discipline and tend to "go wild" when on their own in the city.


B. Children from rural extended families tend to be slow learners.


C. Children in Mayan extended families are accustomed to acting independently and taking responsibility for themselves; they often resent and resist the rigidity and authority of the urban school setting.


D. Children in Mayan extended families tend to depend upon their family for support and guidance, and are at a loss when on their own away from home.


E. Children from rural villages tend to be teased and looked down upon for their "country bumpkin" ways by the more sophisticated "city kids."


Answer: D
What role did Prudencio Colli Canche play as father of the other extended family featured in the video?



A. Because he was the oldest male, his chief responsibility was to look out for the family's political interests in the local community, while his sons did all the farm work.


B. Prudencio and his sons each worked their own separate cornfields and provided for their own nuclear families.


C. As the eldest male, Prudencio directed the farming activities and made most of the final decisions for the whole extended family, with others yielding to his judgment.


D. Because he was the oldest, he was no longer able, or expected to, work or manage family affairs: he had essentially "retired" to peaceful grandparenthood.


E. As the eldest male in the family, Prudencio spent much of this time fulfilling his obligations to his "cargo" offices, leaving the running of the family farm to his adult sons.


Answer: C