Dr. Joseph Breuer, a forerunner in the development of psychoanalysis, treated Anna O. by        
 forcing her to admit that she was feigning the illness.      
 discovering the physiological basis of her problem.      
 * asking her to verbalize associations under hypnosis.      
 preventing the development of a catharsis.      
    

Freud discovered that although a patient consciously wanted to remember events, the process of ________ prevented the patient from becoming aware of them and kept the memories in the unconscious.        
 fixation      
 sublimation      
 * resistance      
 catharsis      
    

Freud suggested that destructive or socially unacceptable wishes are repressed because they        
 are incompatible with the Oedipal stage.      
 * are in conflict with one's self-image.      
 would otherwise find an outlet in hysterical symptoms.      
 are in opposition to the iD.      
    

In free association, the patient is directed to        
 employ logical thought processes.      
 * verbalize whatever comes to minD.      
 employ aesthetic considerations.      
 verbalize socially acceptable thoughts.      
    

Free association is based on the premise that        
 the associations are accidental and insignificant.      
 * the associations allude to the original problem.      
 mental life is free and undetermineD.      
 the patient will talk directly about the problem.      
    

Freud believed that slips of the tongue        
 stand in the way of recovery.      
 are meaningless.      
 are the result of physiological causes.      
 * have more than one determining factor.      
    

The dream we remember in the morning is known as the ________ dream, whereas its underlying meaning is referred to as the ________ dream.        
 * manifest; latent      
 primary; secondary      
 latent; manifest      
 secondary; primary      
    

Anxiety dreams are caused by        
 * an unsuccessful dream disguise.      
 identical manifest and latent contents.      
 the repression of a conscious forbidden wish.      
 neurosis.        
    

According to Freud, the nature of our repressed wishes is        
 manifest.      
 * erotiC.      
 trivial.      
 immoral.      
    

What does the term libido refer to?        
 Repressed aggressive impulses      
 * The energy derived from the sex drive      
 The physical component of sexuality      
 The term for "sexual intercourse" in German      
    

Which of the following would appropriately fit the definition of drive in Freud's theory?        
 The envy Lena feels when she looks at Sally's car      
 * The lust Dennis feels on his wedding night      
 The sadness Glenda felt when she lost her dog      
 The headache Ron got from straining his vision      
    

Freud believed that the primary purpose of sexuality is        
 to accommodate latent aggression.      
 to facilitate interpersonal relations.      
 * to seek pleasure and reduce tension.      
 reproduction.      
    

What did Freud suggest concerning children and sexual activity?        
 That their sexual activity was similar to that of adults      
 That children are incapable of sexual feelings      
 * That the child's sexual activity is essentially autoerotic      
 That children's sexual behavior should be severely restricted      
    

The Oedipal conflict is resolved through the mechanism of        
 denial.      
 * identification.      
 rationalization.      
 sublimation.      
    

Psychic forces develop that inhibit the sexual drive and narrow its direction during which period of development?        
 * Latency      
 Phallic      
 Anal      
 Oral      
    

Adult behaviors such as smoking, drinking, and gossiping are ascribed to fixation at which stage of development?        
 * Oral      
 Anal      
 Phallic      
 Genital      
    

Prototypes of sadistic and masochistic forms of behavior are present during which stage of psychosexual development?        
 * Anal      
 Genital      
 Oral      
 Phallic      
    

The structure of personality that represents our basic drives, needs, and wishes is called the         
 ego.      
 * id.      
 unconscious.      
 superego.      
    

Ego is to id as ________ is to _________.        
 life instinct; death instinct      
 sexuality; morality      
 * reality principle; pleasure principle      
 unconscious; conscious      
    

The ________ employs primary processes, whereas the ________ employs secondary processes.        
 ego; id      
 * id; ego      
 superego; ego      
 ego; superego      
    

The capacity for self-evaluation, criticism, and reproach is referred to as the        
 * superego.      
 id.      
 ego-ideal.      
 conscience.      
    

Which part of the personality is in charge in the well-adjusted adult personality?        
 * Ego      
 Superego      
 Ego-ideal      
 Id      
    

In Freud's theory, the ego may be described as        
 "the beast within."      
 the most primitive part of the personality.      
 * "a rider trying to control a wild horse."      
 what we understand to be our parents' moral judgment.      
    

The ego develops defense mechanisms in order for the individual to cope with        
 the superego.      
 reaction formation.      
 unconscious processes.      
 * anxiety.      
    

What is one thing that all defense mechanisms have in common?        
 They are difficult to observe in preschool-age children.      
 They are always maladaptive.      
 They always occur on a conscious level.      
 * They keep threatening impulses from becoming conscious.        
    

Many people who indulge in substance abuse believe that what happens to other people will not happen to them.  This is the defense mechanism of         
 * denial.      
 displacement.      
 reaction formation.      
 projection.      
    

Parents who resent their children and consequently become overprotective of them are using which of the following defense mechanisms?        
 Projection      
 * Reaction formation      
 Rationalization      
 Sublimation      
    

John is angry that his boss passed him over for promotion.  Instead of telling his boss how he feels, he yells at his wife and child when he gets home.  This is an example of which defense mechanism?        
 Sublimation      
 * Displacement      
 Reaction formation      
 Projection      
    

Which defense mechanism did Freud believe was crucial to the development of culture and civilization?        
 Rationalization      
 Reaction formation      
 Identification      
 * Sublimation      
    

When a patient in psychoanalysis re-experiences emotions and conflicts from his or her past but focuses these feelings on the therapist, he or she is said to be experiencing        
 * transference.      
 identification.      
 free association.      
 catharsis.