BI101J, UNSEEN LIFE ON EARTH, QUIZ 5 Antibiotic resistance is * a technique used by microbes for evading antibiotics. an intolerance among the sick to an antibiotic. of little concern. all of the above none of the above Method(s) of becoming resistant to antibiotics include horizontal gene transfer. alter methods of cell wall formation. pump out the antibiotic as fast as it enters the cell. * all of the above none of the above Antibiotics are often discovered within moon rocks. * microbes themselves. fossils. old socks. ostriches. Evaluate this statement: New antibiotics will be sufficient to save us from antibiotic-resistant bugs. * False; microbes will continue to evolve resistance mechanisms whenever they face antibiotics. Additional measures need to be taken to minimize the likelihood of additional antibiotic resistance arising. False; the new antibiotics aren’t as effective as the old. False; just because there is no research ongoing to develop new antibiotics. True; we need new antibiotics urgently. True; new antibiotics will eradicate currently known disease organisms. Bioremediation with methanotrophs may accomplish the removal of methane from the atmosphere. the rapid increase of methane in Earth’s atmosphere. * the degradation of highly toxic recalcitrant molecules. exacerbation of an already troublesome problem. excessive flatulence. Composting the garbage from your town in the landfill * could reduce the amount of contaminated liquids draining out of the dump. could produce a product safe for use on food-producing farms. could increase the population of methanotrophs to dangerous levels. all of the above none of the above Contact bacterial diseases occur by inhalation of the aerosol mist produced by sneezes. * shaking hands, kissing, touching. bites from infected mosquitoes or ticks. weakened immune systems. all of the above Hansen’s disease causes * skin nodules, deformity, loss of sensation. swelling of the glands in the throat. reddened, thickened and peeling skin. a tendency to fall asleep during the day. all of the above Bacteria in the chlamydiae and rickettsiae groups will grow in damaged or dead cells. * living tissue only. fungi, but not animals. other bacteria only. viruses. What is the likely source of an infection that causes these symptoms: fever, abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and dehydration? polio snails * ingested foodborne or waterborne bacteria such as E. coli, Campylobacter, or Shigella mosquitoes rats or mice Viral entry into a cell and multiplication within that cell is likely to result in * death of the infected cell. mutations. destruction of the cell’s mitochondria or chloroplasts. all of the above none of the above One difference between the ailments caused by viruses and bacteria is that virus, but not bacterial infections produce fevers. feed a cold, starve a fever. * viruses invade and kill cells from within, while bacteria often produce a cell-killing toxin. all of the above none of the above Wearing a protective mask over the nose and mouth ________ help prevent infection with rubella * would would not none of the above Yellow fever and dengue fever ________ transmitted to people by mosquitoes * are are not none of the above A denatured protein is a mutant, unnatural protein. * one whose shape has been changed so that it is no longer capable of performing its function. a scrambled mess of DNA. a confused ribosome. a product of mitochondria. Which of the following might be used as antiseptics? * a germicide applied to living tissue chlorine ethylene oxide heat at 121° C all of the above Pickling can preserve fruits or vegetables because the food is heated to sterilize the product. heated to pasteurize the product. * dehydrated by the addition of salt and / or sugar. refrigerated. frozen. Ultraviolet wavelengths of light may cause you to develop tanned skin, but it also * damages your DNA, as well as that of microbes. Such damage may destroy the cell, or may cause mutations. causes increased blood pressure. causes decreased blood pressure. causes bacteria on the skin to rapidly expand their populations. causes a rapid expansion of viruses. Pasteurization raises the temperature of foods ________ than canning. higher * lower there is no difference in the temperature – pressure, however is raised to a higher level by pasteurization Nosocomial infections are most frequently transmitted by * catheterization and surgical equipment. sexual contact. aerosol droplets. insects. contaminated food or water.