BI101J, UNSEEN LIFE ON EARTH, QUIZ 1 The mass of living microbes is ____ compared to the mass of all other organisms. * larger smaller the same as none of the above Microbes are responsible for many characteristics of our world today, such as * the oxygen-rich atmosphere. the nitrogen-rich atmosphere. the hydrogen-rich atmosphere. the ostrich-rich atmosphere. none of the above Microbes were the ________ life forms to evolve on the planet. most recent * first second third fourth Bacteria and archaea are the ________ independent living cells. largest * smallest least numerous none of the above Biosphere 2 is the Earth. the Moon. the Sun. the other planets. * none of the above The experiment in Biosphere 2 that sealed 8 "Biospherians" inside failed because the trip planners underestimated the amount of fuel required to reach its destination. the team fell to bickering and mutinied. a fungus destroyed all the corn and wheat seeds. * its creators underestimated the complexity involved in constructing a completely sealed environment. all of the above Microbes can be found only where there is light sufficient to allow photosynthesis. only where the temperature never falls below freezing. only indoors. * nearly everywhere on Earth. none of the above Evaluate this statement: Microbes have had a relatively minor impact on human lives today and throughout human history. True; such microscopic things simply aren't large enough to influence large creatures such as ourselves. True; microbes are so rare that humans only very occasionally encounter them. True; microbes might be numerous, but they are not found where humans can live. False; microbes appeared only recently, and only in the last 50 years have we experienced major illnesses. * False; microbes have had a major influence on us throughout human history. The science of microbiology studies bacteria and archaea. viruses. fungi and algae. protozoans, flatworms, and roundworms. * all of the above Evaluate this statement: Some human disease-causing organisms may be carried by rats and fleas. False; bugs that affect other animals do not infect humans. False; while rats may carry fleas, the fleas don't bite humans. * True; the fleas can transfer disease-causing organisms from rats to humans. none of the above Humans have been harnessing microbes for thousands of years. These uses include leavening in bread. wine and beer making. cheese production. * all of the above none of the above A notable and unique feature of prokaryotic cells is the * lack of a nucleus. lack of a cell wall. lack of DNA. presence of a nucleus. presence of DNA. Which of the following groups is composed of eukaryotic cells? archaea bacteria * protozoa viruses all of the above Select the incorrect statement about viruses. * They can reproduce independently of their hosts. They contain nucleic acids. They have proteins. They lack a cellular structure. The tobacco mosaic virus infects people who smoke. True * False The germ theory of disease was first proposed by ________, and was eventually proven by ________. Jenner; Lister Lister; van Leeuwenhoek * Pasteur; Koch Koch; Jenner van Leeuwenhoek; Pasteur In the following group, each cell contains a nucleus. * yeasts prions bacteria viruses archaea Which of the following groups has neither eukaryotic nor prokaryotic cells? helminths * viruses archaea protozoa fungi Prokaryotes and eukaryotes have the following in common. Both use ATP for short-term energy storage. Both have a cell membrane. Both synthesize DNA by the same process. Both use RNA to translate genetic information into proteins. * all of the above The use of microorganisms to clean up toxic material is called recombinant DNA technology. chemotherapeutics. genetic engineering. antisepsis. * bioremediation.