#134001  The Russian kulaks were     
3
rich farmers who rejected Christianity.   
bureaucrats who joined the Communist Party.   
prosperous peasants who opposed collectivization and were    ruthlessly suppressed by the Russian government.  
the famous short pants worn by the SS.   
none of the above   

#134002  The Nazi Minister of Propaganda was    
2
Franz von Papen.   
Dr. Joseph Goebbels.   
Kurt von Schleicher.   
Herman Goring.   
Adolf Hitler, who served as his own Minister of Propaganda.   

#134003  Anti-Semitic legislation in Nazi Germany forbade all but which of the following?   
5
Marriage between Jews and citizens of German blood   
Sexual relations between Jews and citizens of German blood   
Employment of German women of child-bearing years in Jewish    households  
Display of the German flag by Jews.   
All of the above were forbidden under Nazi racial    legislation.  

#134004  During the 1930s Hitler believed that Germany needed ever increasing industrial output to feed the weapon needs of the German Army.  He encouraged women to enter the industrial labor force in large numbers. 
2
True   
False   
   
   
   

#134005  (1878-1969) was appointed Chancellor of Germany and served from May-November 1932 when he resigned.  This conservative politician was appointed Vice-Chancellor in Adolf Hitler's first Chancellorship.  He was supposed to keep a tight rein on Hitler and the Nazis.  He failed.   
4
Paul von Hindenburg   
Kurt von Schleicher   
Heinrich Himmler   
Franz von Papen   
Josef Goebbels   

#134006  As German difficulties mounted, the American President            announced in June 1931 a one-year moratorium on all payments of international debts.  
4
Theodore D. Roosevelt   
Calvin Coolidge   
Woodrow Wilson   
Herbert Hoover   
Harry Truman   

#134007  On December 1, 1934            the popular party chief of Leningrad was assassinated, probably on orders from Stalin.   
3
Kurt Schleicher   
Ernst Roehm   
Sergei Kirov   
Vyacheslav Molotov   
Thomas Masaryk   

#134008  The commander of the infamous SS (Schulzstaffel) was    
3
Sergie Kirov   
Kurt von Schleicher   
Heinrich Himmler   
Ernst Roehm   
Joseph Goebbels   

#134009  Although life in the Soviet Russia was relatively austere and there have been a few limitations placed on civil liberties, communism was an enormous improvement over the exploitive Czarist system of the early 20th century. 
2
True   
False   
   
   
   

#134010  The great war hero and later President who appointed Hitler Chancellor of Germany in 1933 was   
4
Salazar.       
Goebbels.      
von Bruning.   
von Hindenburg.   
von Papen.   

#134011  In November of 1932 the Nazi Party won            of the vote in the Reichstag election.   
1
33.1%   
53.1%   
59%   
66.3%   
92.6%   

#134012  Adolf Hitler became Chancellor of Germany in    
4
1919.     
1923.     
1927.   
1933.   
1942.   

#134013  The leader of the Popular Front was    
1
Leon Blum.     
George Orwell.      
Ernst Roehm.   
Andre Citroen.   
Stanley Baldwin.   

#134014  The British Union of Fascists was founded by    
4
Ramsay MacDonald.        
Stanley Baldwin.    
George Orwell.   
Sir Oswald Mosely.   
Winston Churchill   

#134015  Machine-Tractor Stations were developed in    
3
Nazi Germany.       
Canada.        
Russia.   
France.   
Great Britain.   

#134016  As a result of Stalin's agricultural policies    
4
millions of peasants were murdered   
the country was faced with a continuing difficulty producing    sufficient grain  
Russian agriculture was largely collectivized   
all of the above   
   

#134017  The Nazis accused a mentally ill Dutch Communist of setting fire to the           building in Berlin.   
4
Royal Palace   
Kaiser Wilhelm Memorial Cathedral   
Brandenburg Gate   
Reichstag   
Krystal Cathedral   

#134018  In 1938 Hitler introduced the first           (people's car).  These cars were designed to provide cheap transportation for German workers.  
2
BMW   
Volkswagen   
Mercedes Benz   
DKW   
Opel   

#134019  In 1936, Hitler instructed             who had headed the air force since 1933, to prepare a Four Year Plan to prepare the army and the economy for war.  
5
Kurt von Schleicher   
Franz von Pappen   
Josef Goebbels   
Henrich Himmler   
Herman Goring   

#134020  Adolf Hitler personally ordered the murder of some of his key supporters including SA leader            .  Like Stalin, Hitler was unwilling to share power with anyone.  
4
Heinrich Himmler   
Eric Honecker   
Vaclav Havel   
Ernst Roehm   
Paul von Hinderburg   

#134021  The author of Animal Farm, 1984, and The Road to Wegan Pier was    
4
Leon Blum   
Neville Chamberlain   
Robert Schman   
George Orwell   
Arthur Koestler   

#134022  The term that means relatively prosperous Russian peasants, members of a group that was disenfranchised and exploited by the Revolution is   
5
Sein Fein   
Cheka   
Kirov   
Glasnost   
Kulaks   

#134023  When Hitler announced his intention to rearm Germany,    
4
the League of Nations formally condemned the action   
France and Britain were opposed to it   
nothing was done to prevent it   
all of the above   
   

#134024  The Sudetenland was    
3
in Yugoslavia   
another name for Austria   
an area of Czechoslovakia that contained many Germans   
that area of Poland which contained many Germans   
none of the above   

#134025  At the end of WWII, Adolf Hitler    
2
was killed by advancing Soviet troops   
committed suicide   
escaped under false identification papers to Argentina where    he died in 1972  
was captured by the Soviet Army, was tried at Nurenburg and    hanged as a war criminal in 1946  
escaped to Austria with his wife and has not been seen since   

#134026  Blitzkrieg was    
2
the code name for the German invasion of Russia   
a new style of warfare which employed massed armor columns    supported by airpower  
the German term denoting a counteroffensive   
both a and b   
   

#134027  The countries in which modern totalitarianism reached its most complete form in the 1930's were   
1
Germany and Russia.      
France and England.      
Italy and Portugal.   
England and America.   
Poland and Portugal.   

#134028  Who said of an agreement he had made with Hitler that it was "peace with honor, I believe it is peace for our time."   
2
Winston Churchill        
Neville Chamberlain      
David Lloyd George   
Benjamin Disraeli   
Franklin Delano Roosevelt   

#134029  The policy of appeasement was based upon the assumption that Germany   
3
was guilty as charged in the Treaty of Versailles   
sincerely intended to live by the terms of the Weimar    constitution  
had real grievances and that Hitler's goals were limited   
the only effective way to deal with a bully was to fight him   
   

#134030  The Axis Powers were    
2
Germany and Russia   
Germany and Italy   
Italy and Czechoslovakia   
Great Britain and France   
France and Spain   

#134031  The Anschluss referred to the    
1
union of Germany and Austria   
invasion of the Sudetenland   
invasion of the Rhineland   
invasion of Poland   
   

#134032  Which general led the rebellion against the Spanish republic in 1936?   
2
Juan Carlos    
Francisco Franco    
Jose Catalan   
Benito Juarez   
Fidel Castro   

#134033  The French government which collaborated with the Germans after France's defeat in 1940 was located in   
1
Vichy     
Lyons     
Paris   
Marseille   
Algeria   

#134034  The great war-time President who served from 1933-1945 was    
5
Herbert Hoover   
Harry S. Truman   
Theodore (Teddy) Roosevelt   
Dwight D. Eisenhower   
Franklin D. Roosevelt   

#134035  The name of Adolph Hitler's book in which he spelled out his plans and his dreams was   
2
Das Arbeit.   
Mein Kampf.   
Das Krieg ans Leben.   
Ach Du Lieber.   
Der Welt is eine Schwell Platz und Ich Kibbel.   

#134036  Dunkirk was a famous episode in 1940 in which    
2
German airpower was defeated   
over 300,000 allied troops were evacuated from France   
France surrendered to Germany   
Belgium finally surrendered after a courageous defense   
Scotland's most famous cathedral was bombed into rubble   

#134037  Hitler's "final solution" policy was created to    
2
defeat France and Russia in a two-front war.   
kill all the Jews in Europe.   
end capitalism in Germany.   
create a new all-German Europe.   
invade and conquer England   

#134038  The name of Hitler's Minister of Propaganda was    
4
Rudolph Hess.       
Herman Goering.     
Albert Speer.   
Joseph Goebbels.   
C. Foghorn.   

#134039  The commander of the allied armies on D-Day was    
3
Omar Bradley        
George Patton       
Dwight D. Eisenhower   
Douglas MacArthur   
Field Marshall Montgomery   

#134040  The secret provision of the Nazi-Soviet nonaggression pact was    
3
the division of Czechoslovakia between Russia and Germany   
military equipment supplied to Germany by the Soviet Union   
the partitioning of Poland between Russia and Germany   
Russian intelligence information which would make possible an      invasion of England  
   

#134041  Which best explains the American decision to drop atomic bombs on Japan?   
2
the desire to frighten the Russians into a more cooperative      attitude  
the desire to end the war quickly and save American lives   
the automatic decision of a thoughtless bureaucracy   
the inexperience of a new President   
   

#134042  The word from the study guide that means the policy of granting concessions to potential enemies in the hope of maintaining peace is  
5
Blitzkrieg   
reparations   
Anschluss   
Lebensraum   
appeasement   

#134043  The German word for Air Force is    
3
Blitzkrieg   
Lebensraum   
Luftwaffe   
Sturmabteilung   
Gesundheit   

#134044  D-Day, the day of the great Anglo-American invasion of Normandy was June 6,       .   
3
1939   
1941   
1944   
1946   
1949   

#134045  The "Day of Infamy", the day the Japanese attacked the United States at Pearl Harbor was    
4
September 6, 1939   
July 3, 1940   
December 25, 1945   
December 7, 1941   
November 9, 1942   

#134046  The President of the United States at the end of WWII, the President who ordered the use of atomic bombs against Japan was   
3
Hoover   
Roosevelt   
Truman   
Eisenhower   
Nixon   

#134047  The main British fighter planes that saved England during the Battle of Britain were the Hurricane and the    
4
P 38 Lighting   
P 51 Mustang   
Hellcat   
Spitfire   
Black Widow   

#134048  The crisis that led to the establishment of the Fifth Republic in France was   
2
the revolt in Indochina.   
the revolt in Algeria.   
the Suez fiasco.   
the Cuban Missile Crisis.   
the loss of Quebec.   

#134049  The basic conflict that started the cold war was over the    
2
plans for invading Japan.   
fate of eastern Europe.   
Soviet claims on Korea and Taiwan.   
fate of Soviet citizens outside the U.S.S.R. in Allied hands.   
Soviet occupation of Scandinavia.   

#134050  The Truman Doctrine of 1947    
3
rebuilt Europe and Japan economically   
supplied Berlin with goods during the Soviet blockade   
supported free people who were resisting subjugation from the      Soviets or their allies  
none of the above   
   

#134051  In 1956 a nation that was a part of the Soviet Empire tried to throw off the yoke of Soviet domination.  That country renounced its military alliance with Russia and proclaimed its neutrality; the Soviet Army immediately invaded and brutally crushed that state.  This refers to  
2
East Germany.     
Hungary.     
Poland.   
Estonia.   
Bulgaria.   

#134052  All of the following U.S. presidents deserve credit for the eventual victory of the West in the Cold War EXCEPT   
3
John F. Kennedy   
Ronald Reagan   
William Jefferson Clinton   
Lyndon Johnson   
Harry S. Truman   

#134053  The French leader who formed the Fifth Republic was    
1
Charles De Gaulle.     
Georges Marchais.      
Valery Giscard d'Estaing   
Francois Mitterand.   
Jean-Paul Sartre   

#134054  The emerging common language of business and some academic fields in Europe is   
3
French   
German   
English   
Spanish      
Russian   

#134055  The Pope of the Roman Catholic Church from 1963-1978 was    
4
John XXI.   
Urban II.    
Innocent III.   
Paul VI.   
Pius XII.   

#134056  The acronym NATO means    
5
North American Trade Office.   
Nevada-Arizona Turds & Offal.   
North Atlantic Trade Office.   
National Alliance for Tyranny & Oligarchy.   
North Atlantic Treaty Organization.   

#134057  The very important factor behind the change in European population in the 20th century is   
4
increased life expectancy   
reduced infant mortality   
World War II   
both a and b   
rapidly rising birth-rate   

#134058  From 1959 to 1989, Cuba has served as    
1
a center for the export of Communist revolution.   
the political leader of Latin America.   
a diplomatic force for moderation in the world.   
the primary supporter of terrorism in the world.   
on the United Nations Security Council   

#134059  The Cuban Revolution brought who of the following to power?    
2
Fulgencio Batista      
Fidel Castro      
Augusto Sandino   
Juan Peron   
Anwar el-Sadat   

#134060  Children born out of wedlock    
3
are very rare in Scandinavia but relatively common in Spain   
has become the norm in Europe   
has been made more acceptable and economically possible      because of government-sponsored programs directed toward the      care of children 
although common in England, is almost unknown on the      continent  
   

#134061  The world Zionist movement was founded by    
3
Shimon Peres      
Ariel Sharon.     
Theodore Herzel.   
Menachem Begin.   
Dietrich Bonhoeffer   

#134062  The Vietnam War    
4
grew out of a power vacuum left by decolonization.   
diverted the attention of the United States away from Europe.   
convinced some Americans born after World War II that the      U.S. was trying to keep colonialism alive.  
all of the above.   
   

#134063  The major motivation for internal migration in Europe from the late 1950's through the late 1980's was   
3
the Cold War   
Soviet domination of eastern Europe   
economic opportunity   
both a and b   
   

#134064  Since World War II, the European imperial countries have    
3
largely reestablished their former empires especially in      Africa.  
continued to dominate their former colonies economically and      politically.  
conducted a retreat from world empire.   
derived cultural and economic enrichment from their still      extensive empires.  
   

#134065  In the spring of 1954, the French suffered a major defeat at    
4
My Lai.      
the Gulf of Tonkin.    
Tet.   
Dien Bien Phu.   
The Bay of Pigs.   

#134066  What explains the success of the second agricultural revolution?    
4
new kinds of fertilizers were introduced   
better methods were developed to control crop diseases   
farming became more mechanized   
all of the above   
   

#134067  In 1985, President Reagan met in a summit conference with which Soviet leader:   
3
Brezhnev     
Andropov     
Gorbachev   
Chernenko   
Khrushchev   

#134068  General Douglas McArthur commanded U.S. troops in    
3
Vietnam.     
Cambodia.    
Korea.   
Thailand.   
Iraq.   

#134069  Which of the following was not crucial to the disillusionment of the left-wing intellectuals in the 20th century?   
4
Soviet purge trials of 1936   
the Nazi-Soviet pact of 1939   
the Soviet invasion of Hungary in 1956   
Soviet defeat of Germany in 1945   
Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1968   

#134070  Stalin's east European counterpart to NATO was the    
4
Comintern.        
Third Reich.      
Third International.   
Warsaw Pact.   
Helsinki Accords.   

#134071  The person who coined the phrase the "Iron Curtain" was    
3
John F. Kennedy   
Konrad Adenauer   
Winston Churchill   
Harry S. Truman   
Leonid Brezhnev   

#134072  The existentialists saw human beings as    
4
compelled to formulate their own ethical values   
morally corrupt   
unable to depend on traditional religion or social customs   
both a and c   
   

#134073  Which of the following is not part of Pope John Paul II's policies?   
3
reassertion of a traditional policy in regard to priesthood      and the nature of family life.  
stress upon the authority of the papacy in doctrinal matters.   
interference in the political affairs of countries throughout      the world.  
expansion of the church in the non-Western world.   
   

#134074  Neo-orthodoxy is the name of the theology of    
3
Joseph Goebbels.       
John XXIII.       
Karl Barth.   
Soren Kierkegaard.   
Albert Camus.   

#134075  Which statement would Jean-Paul Sartre be most likely to accept?    
3
God does not exist, therefore man is doomed to despair   
God exists, and man depends on his grace   
whether God exists or not is irrelevant, for man must make      himself  
God does not exist and man should rely on reason alone   
   

#134076  Which of the following was not a decision of Vatican II?    
1
allowing village or parish priests to marry   
the celebration of the mass in the vernacular   
the establishment of freer relations with other Christian      denominations  
the share of more power with bishops   
all of the above were decisions of Vatican II   

#134077  The novel Darkness at Noon (1940) recorded a former Communist's view of the purges of the 1930s.  The author was   
2
Mikhail Gorbachev   
Arthur Koestler   
Vaclav Havel   
Lech Walesa   
Soren Kierkegaard   

#134078  The Solidarity Movement in Poland worked    
1
for free trade unions and democratic government   
to eliminate capitalism from the Polish economy   
to reimpose Jaruzelski's control after 1987   
to bring Lech Walesa home from exile   
to expel the German Army of occupation from Poland   

#134079  The coup of August 1991    
3
swept Gorbachev into power   
was successful in eliminating Boris Yeltsin as a political      contender  
resulted in Gorbachev's humiliation and gradual loss of power   
both a and b   
swept Vladimir Zhirinosky into the Presidency of Soviet Union   

#134080  Which of the following was not connected to Existentialism or the roots of Existentialism?   
4
Albert Camus   
Soren Kiehkegaard   
Jean-Paul Sartre   
Konrad Adenaur   
Martin Heidegger   

#134081  The country that gained huge new territories as a result of WWII was   
1
the Soviet Union   
Germany   
the United States   
Great Britain   
none of the above; almost no territory changed hands as a      result of WWII  

#134082  Which best characterizes the role of universities in 20th century intellectual life?   
3
the new media of radio and television have rendered them      unimportant.  
they have lost their central position to political parties.   
they have exerted more influence than at any other time since      the Reformation.  
both a and b   
   

#134083  The Screwtape Letters (1942) was written by the Christian author    
3
Erich Honecker.        
Karl Barth.       
C. S. Lewis.   
Soren Kierkegaard.   
Alexander Dubcek.   

#134084  The year 1956 saw all of the following events except:    
3
the Suez Canal crisis.   
an Egyptian-Israeli war.   
the peace treaty ending World War II.   
the Hungarian rebellion against the Soviet Union.   
all of the above events occurred in 1956   

#134085  The creation of the United Nations stemmed from    
3
a campaign for "world morality".   
a desire to reconcile Germans and Jews.   
the desire to resolve international problems.   
a need to establish definitive spheres of influence between      the superpowers.  
the need to build alliances against Nazi Germany   

#134086  The Vietnamese resistance to French colonial rule was organized by   
2
Mao Tse-Tung.     
Ho Chi Minh.      
Dien Bien Phu.   
Ngo Dinh Diem.   
Gamel Abdel Nasser.   

#134087  The "Great Society" is associated with    
4
Nikita Khrushchev   
John F. Kennedy   
Martin Luther King, Jr.   
Lyndon Johnson   
Ronald Reagan   

#134088  A cornerstone of post-war United States policy was    
3
a weak Korea.   
the punishment of Japan.   
the maintenance of a democratic Japan.   
the initiation of big business into Japan.   
rebuilding Japan as a military Great Power   

#134089  John Paul II    
4
has reversed Paul VI's stand on contraception.   
has reversed Paul VI's stand on priestly celibacy.   
has called for sweeping changes in the conduct of the mass.   
none of the above   
   

#134090  The book title, The God That Failed, refers to    
4
the decline in the belief of the efficacy of reason in the      20th century.  
the decline of Christianity in the 20th century.   
the decline of existentialism since 1960.   
the decline of belief in Communism after the 1930s.   
the failure of Christianity to meet the needs of the modern      world.  

#134091  One of the foremost Soviet dissidents of the 1970s and 1980s was ___________.  He was a noted physicist.   
4
Alexander Dubcek       
Dietrich Bonhoeffer    
Lech Walesa   
Andrei Sakharov   
Arthur Koestler   

#134092  The Communism strongman who was toppled from power in East Germany in 1989 was   
1
Erich Honecker.        
Alexander Dubcek.      
Karl Barth.   
Willy Brandt.   
Ludwig Erhard.   

#134093  _________ served as President of the United States from 1980- 1988.  He took a tough line toward the Soviet Union and greatly strengthened America's military power.  
1
Ronald Reagan   
George Bush   
Lyndon Johnson   
James Earl Carter   
Richard Nixon   

#134094  The world's first human-engineered satellite was launched by the Russians in 1957.  It was called   
3
Apollo   
Mercury   
Sputnik   
Accord   
Perestroika   

#134095  Pope _________ (names and number) (1978-    ) was the first non- Italian pope to be elected since 1522 A.D.   
4
Paul VI   
Leo III   
John XXIII   
John Paul II   
Innocent III   

#134096  ___________ (1979-1991) Conservative Prime Minister of Great Britain during the 1980s led a major political realignment.  Britain started the long road back from socialism and the Welfare State.  She was Britain's first woman prime minister. 
5
C. S. Lewis   
Nicole Ceausescu   
Golda Meier   
Leona Blum   
Margaret Thatcher   

#134097  The great Roman Catholic council that met from 1962-1965 and radically changed the church in several areas is commonly called    
4
Camp David Accords   
Vatican I   
Dawes Plan   
Vatican II   
Locarno Agreements   

#134098  President John F. Kennedy was assassinated in on November 22,     
3
1957   
1959   
1963   
1967   
1969   

#134099  According to Professor Weber, which of the following countries was not among the original members of NATO?   
4
Belgium   
Britain   
the United States   
East Germany   
France   

#134100  Professor Weber tells us that in 1950, the United States entered armed conflict against Communist forces in   
3
China   
Germany   
Korea   
Vietnam   
the Philipines   

#134101  According to Professor Weber, which country has been most successful in relying on foreign capital without losing control of its own affairs?  
2
Egypt   
Israel   
Peru   
Turkey   
   

#134102  Professor Weber tells us that by 1945, the Soviet Union had already annexed all of the following except   
1
Czechoslovakia   
Estonia   
Lithuania   
parts of Germany