Which of the following armies used the tactical maneuver called "forming the hedge-hog"?



A. Swiss


B. English


C. Roman


D. Franks


E. Byzantine


Answer: A
Which one of the following were primarily interested in raiding for plunder?



A. the Byzantines


B. the English


C. the Franks


D. the Vikings


E. the Romans


Answer: D
A foreign word that means extreme, fanatical, to the death is



A. effete


B. condottiere


C. a'l'outrance


D. de jure


E. turmae


Answer: C
Of the following, which could probably be expected to show the least imagination and
intelligence in the art of military tactics?


A. classical Roman infantry


B. feudal cavalry


C. Byzantine cavalry


D. Swiss infantry of the 14th & 15 centuries


E. Spanish infantry


Answer: B
Phalanx means



A. sterile, no longer capable of producing


B. the ancient symbol for male reproductive power


C. a formation of infantry in close and deep ranks with shields joined and spears
   overlapping

D. a member of the bodyguard for Anglo-Saxon and Dane kings


E.


Answer: C
The correct chronological order for the following battles is



A. Tours, Stamford Bridge, Hastings, Agincourt


B. Tours, Hastings, Agincourt, Stamford Bridge


C. Tours, Hastings, Stamford Bridge, Agincourt


D. Hastings, Stamford Bridge, Tours, Agincourt


E. Stamford Bridge, Hastings, Agincourt, Tours


Answer: A
Of which of the following groups can it fairly be said that at times they showed tactical
brilliance but that they never really developed a strategic view?


A. the English


B. the French


C. the Byzantines


D. the Swiss


E. the Romans


Answer: D 
This battle was a turning point in military history.  Gothic cavalry destroyed an army of
Roman infantry under the Emperor Valens.


A. Cannae


B. Adrianople


C. Tours


D. Agincourt


E. Constantinople


Answer: B
A large knife used by the Franks in hunting in war was a



A. Landsknechte


B. scramasax


C. cuirass


D. fransisca


E. pilum


Answer: B
The "art of war" is best defined as



A. military strategy


B. that which enables any commander to beat the forces opposed to him


C. the finer points of military theory


D. the ability to outmaneuver your enemy


E. superior tactics


Answer: B
Which of the following could best be described as the heirs of classical Roman military
science?


A. Visigoths


B. Byzantines


C. French


D. English


E. Swiss


Answer: B
Which of the following was and remained the absolute master of the field, able to beat any
other arm or combination of arms?


A. heavy cavalry


B. Swiss pikeman


C. artillery


D. English longbowmen


E. none of the above


Answer: E
The correct chronological order for the following battles is



A. Adrianople, Crecy, Hastings, Constantinople


B. Adrianople, Constantinople, Crecy, Hastings


C. Adrianople, Hastings, Crecy, Constantinople


D. Hastings, Adrianople, Constantinople, Crecy


E. Constantinople, Adrianople, Hastings, Crecy


Answer: C
Comitatus means



A. a soldier of fortune


B. an ally, a confederate


C. a retinue, a following


D. a trooper, a mercenary


E. a fight to the death


Answer: C
The famous siege and fall of Constantinople was in the year



A. 216 B.C.


B. 378 A.D.


C. 732 A.D.


D. 1453 A.D.


E. 1888 A.D.


Answer: D 
A wooden fence or stockade of sharpened wooden stakes is



A. an impedimenta


B. a housecarl


C. a turmae


D. a robur peditum


E. a palisade


Answer: E
A large shield to protect one or two men is a(n)



A. arbalest


B. pavis


C. francisca


D. buckler


E. forte


Answer: B
These men developed and refined a technic of war that originated in Russia.  It called for the
circling and chaining together of war wagons


A. Hussites


B. Swiss


C. Bavarians


D. Burgundians


E. Zwinglians


Answer: A
The Art of War in the Middle Ages was written originally in



A. German


B. English


C. French


D. Latin


E. Flemish


Answer: B
The victors of the Battle of Bannockburn were



A. the Hussites


B. the Scots


C. the Swiss


D. the English


E. brilliant masters of "Art of War"


Answer: B
A foreign term that means "oak solid infantry" or "the strongest, firmest, most robust or most
reliable element of an army" is


A. Landsknechte


B. robur peditum


C. turmae


D. foederati


E. oodenway oldiersay


Answer: B
The Art of War was first published in



A. 1526 A.D.


B. Berlin


C. 1885 A.D.


D. 1953 A.D.


E. 1649 A.D.


Answer: C
Generally speaking, all of the following are fair descriptions of the battle behavior of heavy
feudal cavalry EXCEPT


A. arrogant


B. stupid


C. impetuous


D. courageous


E. disciplined


Answer: E
Which battle pitted Norman and French heavy cavalry and archers against the
infantry of England under King Harold's command.  The Normans won the day and with it a
Kingdom.

A. Bannockburn


B. Stamford Bridge


C. Crecy


D. Mohacs


E. Hastings


Answer: E
Which of the following was a member of the bodyguard or household troops of a Danish or English king
in late Anglo-Saxon times.


A. Mohac


B. housecarl


C. janizary


D. Landsknechte


E. scramasax


Answer: B
The word that means that which someone does particularly well and can also mean the
strongest part of a blade of a sword (between the middle and the hilt) is


A. forte


B. pike


C. succor


D. pilum


E. pavis


Answer: A
The term for a small, round shield used as defensive armor is



A. pavis


B. forte


C. buckler


D. turmae


E. palisade


Answer: C
The heavy javelin used by Roman infantry was called a



A. pilum


B. pike


C. curass


D. halbead


E. pavis


Answer: A