Professor Weber tells us that galleys possessed the following advantage(s) over sailing ships: * Galleys could maneuver in calms and light airs. Galleys could operate far from port for long periods of time. Galleys could devote more of their space to cargo. Galleys generally required smaller crews than sailing ships. Based on Professor Weber's lecture, mark the false choice. After the invention of printing, most of the first printed books were intended for the clergy. After the invention of printing, the humanists quickly saw the advantages of more numerous and inexpensive books. After the invention of printing, a wide range of books for the laity were being produced by the sixteenth century. * After the invention of printing, even best-sellers never sold more than a few thousand copies until the late nineteenth century. According to Professor Weber, which of the following was not an important Renaissance writer? Sir Thomas More Desderious Erasmus * Jan Van Eyck Francois Rabelais According to Professor Weber, most of the Renaissance humanists shared the following beliefs or assumptions except admiration for the culture and learning of classical antiquity * a rejection of Christianity the hope that scholars could train political leaders the ideal that learning was necessary to develop the full human potential Mark the false choice. Professor Weber argues that the portrait of the Arnolfinis was painted with a realism and precision in keeping with a secular society. * Professor Weber argues that the portrait of the Arnolfinis was painted with a rationalism that rejected religious symbolism. Professor Weber argues that the portrait of the Arnolfinis portrays a couple who are not ashamed of their wealth Professor Weber argues that the portrait of the Arnolfinis depicts a bourgeois couple as though they were nobles. Professor Weber tells us that by the second half of the sixteenth century, fighting between Protestants and Catholics had led to civil war in all of the following except France Germany * Spain The Netherlands According to Professor Weber, all of the following were expressions of flamboyant piety that appeared in the years before the Reformation except images of the suffering Christ images of Christ's heart surrounded by thorns the fraternities of the Passion * images of Christ and the saints portrayed as very much removed from the plane of human life Professor Weber tells us that Protestant reformers did all of the following except had the Bible translated into the vernacular languages of their countries attacked or abolished the endowed masses and chantries that had been part of the Catholic cult of the dead attacked such "good works" as Personal Mortification * laid greater emphasis on the importance of the sacraments than Catholics had done Professor Weber tells us that the early Protestants often received support from all the following groups except those who believed that Holy Scripture should be widely available to the laity * the Jesuits, who respected the Protestants' desire for a learned clergy opponents of the monastic and mendicant orders (outside of Italy) those who resented that a foreign potentate should exercise so much power over the internal affairs of a country's church According to Professor Weber, which of the following rulers had been the least successful in unifying his or her realm by the late fifteenth or early sixteenth century? Louis XI of France Henry VII of England Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain * Maximilian, the Holy Roman Emperor According to Professor Weber, in which country had a variety of Protestantism become the state religion by 1600? * England France Italy Spain Austria According to Professor Weber, which social group was initially the most strongly attracted to Protestantism? the aristocracy the peasantry * the urban middle classes All the groups were about equally attracted. According to Professor Weber, all of the following are important themes in the work of Hieronymous Bosch except the temptations of sin the punishments in the next world * scenes of virtue rewarded in everyday life the fall of humankind According to Professor Weber, what was the outcome of the Council of Trent? a reconciliation of Protestants and Catholics in Germany * a sweeping counteroffensive of Catholics against Protestants the Holy Roman Emperor agreed to tolerate Protestants in his realms Protestantism became the state religion of England According to Professor Weber, Desiderius Erasmus was famous for the following accomplishments except Biblical scholarship Greek and Latin scholarship works on contemporary morals and manners * satirical paintings Professor Weber tells us Machiavelli's Prince argues all of the following except the strong will always take what they can * only a good Christian will rule effectively "good arms make good laws" more than anything else, ordinary people need strong rulers Professor Weber tells us that most of the early printed books were published in English German Italian * Latin Igpaatinla Professor Weber tells us that the painter of the Arnolfini Portrait was Giotto * Jan van Eyck Botticelli Leonardo da Vinci The crusading spirit revived in Western Europe, in part as a result of the capture of Constantinople by the Bulgarians the Persians the Russians * the Turks the Greeks Mark the false choice. * Professor Weber argues that Europeans were able to conquer or explore so much of the world because of their respect for the religions of other peoples. Professor Weber argues that Europeans were able to conquer or explore so much of the world because of their superior weapons. Professor Weber argues that Europeans were able to conquer or explore so much of the world because of their industrial capacity. Professor Weber argues that Europeans were able to conquer or explore so much of the world because of their agricultural base. Mark the false choice. Professor Weber argues that even after explorers had begun to send back reports Europeans continued to believe fabulous stories about the New World because only a relatively small number of people were interested in precise, accurate information. Professor Weber argues that even after explorers had begun to send back reports Europeans continued to believe fabulous stories about the New World because many explorers reported what they had hoped to discover, as well as what they had actually seen. * Professor Weber argues that even after explorers had begun to send back reports Europeans continued to believe fabulous stories about the New World because Europeans had no interest in the culture of non-Christians. Professor Weber argues that even after explorers had begun to send back reports Europeans continued to believe fabulous stories about the New World because many Europeans tried to look at the New World as a kind of earthly paradise. Mark the false choice. According to Professor Weber, Christian missionaries often studied native culture in detail in order to make converts more effectively. According to Professor Weber, Christian missionaries often studied native culture in detail since many of them had been educated in the classics and therefore had a genuine interest in non-Christian religions. * According to Professor Weber, Christian missionaries often studied native culture in detail in order to reform their own religion. According to Professor Weber, Christian missionaries often studied native culture in detail to forestall rival religions from making converts. How did Lazarillo leave the blindman? By taking advantage of his master's lack of sight. With a very severe headache. With malicious delight. * All of the above None of the above Lazarillo ends his tale relatively prosperous. morally corrupted. in fulfillment of prophecies. * All of the above None of the above Lazarillo de Tormes was written in 1954. New Mexico. * the mid-sixteenth century. Middle English. 1839. The society described in The Life of Lazarillo de Tormes reflected widespread contempt for honest work. a sound and productive economy. moral and political corruption. * Both (a) and (c) describe the society. All of the above accurately describe the society. During his checkered career, Lazarillo was at one time or another a beggar. a thief. a panderer. a cuckold. * All of the above In Lazarillo de Tormes, the locked chest and its owner allegorically represent the Spanish nation and its king. * the Spanish church and its hoarded wealth. love and the bitter fruits of passion. Pandora's Box and Alexander. None of the above The following is a quote from Lazarillo de Tormes, "O Lord, how many like him thou must have scattered throughout the world, who suffer more for the wretched thing they call honor than they would endure for Thy sake?" Who is being referred to in this statement? the chaplain * the squire Lazarillo the seller of indulgences the blindman We learn from reading Lazarillo de Tormes that the reason there was so much lawlessness in Spain is because offenders were coddled and let off with a slap on the wrist. True * False Which of the following best describes Lazarillo's marriage? It was a marriage of love in which he found passion and serenity. * It was a corrupt economic and political transaction in which Lazarillo traded his honor for material gain. It was an arranged marriage with a girl of high station. Although his wife was a good cook and a comforting companion, a family was a heavy financial drain on Lazarillo. None of the above Lazarillo's father was a(n) blindman. * thief. successful lawyer. itinerant preacher. sea captain In Lazarillo de Tormes, the squire allegorically represents * Spain. the Pope. poor but arrogant businessmen who were on the rise in Spain. the impoverished but still proud merchant class. the Duke of Alva. Which of the following best describes the character of the squire in the book, Lazarillo de Tormes? a drunken rowdy a man who would do the honorable thing in all circumstances a stingy skinflint * a man more interested in appearances than in reality a man temporarily down on his luck looking for honest work The author of The Life of Lazarillo de Tormes is Don Quixote de la Mancha. J. Gerald Markley. Lazarillo de Tormes. Miquel de Cervantes. * None of the above The following question from Lazarillo de Tormes, "How is it you smelled the sausage but not the pillar?" was asked of Lazarillo's stepfather. * the blindman. the clergyman. the Arch-Priest of San Salvador. the squire. The statement, "The hard of heart give more than the naked" from Lazarillo de Tormes implies that naked people are very selfish. hard hearted people are very generous. * rich people are much less charitable than the poor but give more than those who have nothing. hardness of heart leads to a charitable spirit. In the book, Lazarillo de Tormes, which of the following was primarily supported by pursuing useful and productive working careers? the blindman the seller of indulgences the squire All of the above * None of the above Hidalgo means a(n) saddle horse. burro. * member of the lower nobility. duke. the husband of an unfaithful wife. The author of Lazarillo de Tormes had the most sympathy for * the squire. the clergyman. the blindman. the seller of indulgences. How was it discovered that Lazarillo had a key to the chest? Lazarillo forgot the key in his jacket pocket. * The clergyman heard a snake hissing in the night. The locksmith informed on Lazarillo. Lazarillo told his confessor, who told his master. Lazarillo rented the key to the squire who then boasted about it. Lazarillo earned honest money as water vendor in the employ of the chaplain. What did he do with his hard earned wages? He bought out the chaplain's interest in his donkey and jugs and became an independent small businessman. He used the money to pay the bride price and married a girl of good family. * He bought a "gentleman's" costume from a second-hand shop and promptly retired from honest work. He bought a suit of armor and went off to fight for king and country. None of the above In the Life of Lazarillo de Tormes, the methods used by the seller of indulgences were exploitive and unscrupulous. were inventive and ingenious. neither A nor B * both A and B What term means the husband of an unfaithful wife. idiom hidalgo * cuckold engender none of the above What term means a slight trespass or offense; a petty crime or fault. picaresque * peccadillo hidalgo acumen none of the above What term means the quality or state of being lazy or indifferent. picaresque sagacious rapacious malevolent * none of the above The conqueror of the Inca empire was Cortez. * Pizarro. de Coronado. Balboa. Magellan. Savonarola was a Florentine rock group. True * False In 1498, sailed to India and returned to Portugal with a cargo worth a fortune. Ferdinand Magellan Prince Henry the Navigator Bartholomew Dias Amerigo Vespucci * Vasco da Gama Henry VII (r. 1485-1509) founded the Stuart dynasty Bourbon dynasty Medici dynasty House of Hanover * Tudor dynasty We are told in The Prince that the most important trait for a ruler or prince is physical courage moral courage piety * the ability to instill fear in his subjects the ability to attract the affection, friendship and love of his subjects Spain unified when the following monarchs married Ferdinand and Blanche of Castille. Philip II and Johanna. * Ferdinand and Isabella. Henry of Navarre and Catherine of Aragon Algernon and Agnes. All natives of the Americas were peaceful and pacific people before the Spaniards taught them war and exploitation. True * False Unlike slaves in pre-Civil War America, slaves in Renaissance Italy were shielded from most abuses by carefully and compassionately constructed contract law. True * False Chapter 10 contains an excerpt of an essay by Christine de Pisan. The topic of her essay is The Renaissance Image of Man * How Women should Handle their Husbands The Presence or Absence of God in the World Advice to the Princes of Italy on How to Retain their States and their Power A Condemnation of Spanish and Portuguese Treatment of Aboriginals in the Americas Almost all slaves in Renaissance Italy were black Africans although there were a few of mixed Negro and Berber blood. True * False The term that means people born in Spain but living in positions of authority and wealth in the Spanish Empire is merchantists. campanile. creoles. mestizos. * peninsularies. The author of the classic epic poem, the Divine Comedy, is Petrarch Boccaccio * Dante Durer de Pisan The Aztec leader was Cortez. Atahualpa. Quetzalcoatl. * Montezuma. Geronimo The Donation of Constantine purportedly granted vast territories to the papacy made the island of Britain a papal fiefdom was exposed as a forgery in the 15th century was a gift from the Emperor Constantine that made the building of St. Peter's bascillica possible * both a and c Which of the following was not a great artist of the Renaissance? Leonardo da Vinci Raphael * Lorenzo de Medici Michelangelo Donatello The author of the very influential and famous Book of the Courtier was Vasco da Gama Lorenzo Valla Niccols Machiavelli * Baldassare Castigliones Dante Alighieri Who invented printing with movable type in the mid-fifteenth century city of Mainz. Savonarola Petrarch Erasmus Holbein * Gutenberg The author of The Prince (1513), one of the most famous and influential books ever published was written by Petrarch * Machiavelli Shakespeare Erasmus Thomas More What book (1516) by Thomas More was a criticism of contemporary English society. It still rivals the plays of Shakespeare as the most-read book of sixteenth century England. The Prince In Praise of Folly * Utopia The History of Tudor England none of the above The man who perhaps best personifies the Renaissance ideal was the multi-talented genius who painted the Mona Lisa. * Leonardo da Vinci Raphael Michelangelo Donatello Lorenzo Valla Cortez is famous as a leader of the Spanish Inquisition for having conquered Peru. * for having conquered the Aztecs in Mexico. as the explorer who discovered the Pacific Ocean. as the author of Don Quixote. Ulrich Zwingli was a leader in the Protestant Reformation in Bavaria Austria Holland Wittenberg * Switzerland Luther tacked his Ninety-five Theses to the door in Wittenberg as a response to * the sale of indulgences and papal wealth. a revelation he experienced instructing him to start a new church. the illiteracy of the clergy. the oppressive rule of Frederick of Saxony. all of the above The "Black Legend" refers to the African roots of the Society of Jesus. the forgery of the famous Church edict coitus interruptus. The Spiritual Exercises of Saint Ignatius. * the exaggeration of Spain's inhumane and unprincipled treatment of the Indians. It suggested that the Spaniards were possessed of a unique capacity for cruelty. the myth that Jesus and all Jews of biblical times were actually transplanted Black Africans. The Peace of Augsburg recognized which of the following as a legal religion? * Lutheranism Calvinism Anglicanism Anabaptism Presbyterianism Which of the following is a method of birth control practiced since ancient times. laity hiring wet nurses cuius regis * coitus interruptus eius religio John Knox and the Reformation movement in Scotland were most influenced by which of the following theological positions? Catholicism * Calvinism Lutheranism the Church of England Greek Orthodox Which of the following sacrament(s) was/were found proper by Martin Luther? Baptism Extreme Unction Eucharist (Holy Communion) * both (a) and (c) Marriage Overall, Henry VIII's religious reformation in England occurred strictly for economic reasons. mostly for religious reasons. * mostly for political reasons and the king's concern over the succession. because the king was converted to Lutheranism. under the leadership of Saint Thomas More The Society of Jesus was founded by Desiderius Erasmus. Jerome of Prague. Pope Paul III. * Ignatius Loyola. John Tetzel. The most important 16th century Protestant leader after Luther was John Huss. John Wycliffe. Ulrich Swingli. * John Calvin. Thomas More. Which of the following was an infamous and notoriously successful seller of indulgences? Thomas Wolsey John Knox * John Tetzel Thomas Cranmer Ulrich Zwingli The cornerstone of Calvin's theology was his belief in * predestination and the absolute sovereignty of God. indulgences. the basic goodness of man. religious tolerance and freedom. the Holy Sacrament of Extreme Unction. In early modern Europe, approximately of all children died by age twenty. 3% 19% * 50% 86% 92% The Protestant reformers praised woman in her own right praised woman in her biblical vocation as wife and mother placed a new value on marriage and family life encouraged teaching girls to be able to read and write their native language * all of the above The Diet of Worms was an avian Paradise. True * False Because of technical ignorance and the moral teachings of the Church, people of the early modern period had no means of, or desire for, birth control. True * False According to Luther, salvation comes through good works. * faith. indulgences. a saintly life. the intercession of the church. This giant of the Protestant Reformation was born into a well-to-do French family in A.D. 1509. He studied at the best Parisian colleges and took a law degree from Orleans. He pastored a church in Strasbourg before going to Geneva in 1540 where he spent the rest of his life. He was Ulrich Swingli John Tetzel * John Calvin Ignatius Loyola Michael Servetus This great Englishman and humanist was martyred by Henry VIII after having served as Chancellor of the Realm and having been the King's good counselor. He refused to acknowledge the legitimacy of Anne's heir. He was Thomas a Becket John Tetzel Max Weber * Thomas More John Fisher