�543216925	06/01/2001	14:56:10 PST	0	0	0	65																																																																																																																																																			n/r						n/r	n/r		n/r				n/r																		n/r						n/r										n/r																				n/r	n/r									n/r	n/r						n/r	n/r							n/r														n/r						n/r					n/r																	n/r											n/r							
'080623477	06/05/2001	11:29:00 PST	16	16	80	495																																																																																																																																									their respective cognitive appraisals of the event.										positive and negative life events are equal in their contribution to levels of stress experienced.					daily hassles; increase	Conflict			approach-avoidance conflicts			Explore the option of adopting a partial approach strategy, whereby you leave yourself a possible way out.													directly affect							Corticosteroids																		Psychoneuroimmunology		psychoneuroimmunology.								exposure to bacteria, viruses, and other disease-causing agents										She uses internal, stable, and global explanations for negative events.								Bill, a very ambitious, competitive, hostile, time-conscious real estate developer			Type A behavior pattern.				Hostile men and women do not express their anger outwardly, but instead bottle up their emotions and hide their true feelings.										Women are less likely to suffer from the stress contagion effect because they tend to have a smaller social network, consisting primarily of immediate family members.		the social contagion effect.																																	emotional support.													True						True			
l540902303	06/06/2001	10:34:48 PST	10	10	50	756																																																																																																																																										stress; stressor															Conflict		an approach-avoidance conflict.					lowest; highest											direct	physically intensify										the general adaptation syndrome.					alarm; exhaustion										Bioneuropsychoendocrinology			Lymphocytes themselves produce neurotransmitters and hormones.														increase his level of stress and decrease the effectiveness of his immune system.							chronic negative emotions.			Type B behavior pattern.							Yoko is at a very high risk for coronary disease and other health problems.					problem-focused coping support.																		problem-focused; planful problem solving																																False					False						False	True	
O527799754	06/08/2001	10:27:49 PST	0	0	0	1726																																																																																																																																																Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS).				Daily hassles									approach-avoidance			lowest; highest													a direct result of stress.															alarm; resistance								even mild stressors, such as taking a quiz, can have long-term adverse effects on immune system functioning.							can temporarily alter immune system functioning.	Aron may suffer some ill-effects because a wide variety of stressors, both major and minor, are associated with diminished immune system functioning.					reduces; decreases					create feelings of learned helplessness and apathy.	optimistic; pessimistic																	Hostile men and women do not express their anger outwardly, but instead bottle up their emotions and hide their true feelings.							Individuals who accept social support from others risk being labeled as weak, dependent, or incompetent.	Compared to people with only a small network of social relationships, Helena is likely to be relatively free of stress.															less likely to convey a sense of hostility toward others.														positive reappraisal											being a good listener and showing concern and interest											False					True			
�540902303	06/08/2001	16:22:50 PST	14	14	70	1263																																																																																																																																																Cognitive Reappraisal Rating Scale (CRRS).	Rachel has experienced very few problems or hassles during the past year.		undesirable events are significant sources of stress, but change in itself is not necessarily stressful.																									indirectly affect			general adaptation response.													alarm; exhaustion									Psychoneuroimmunology							Aron may suffer some ill-effects because a wide variety of stressors, both major and minor, are associated with diminished immune system functioning.								effects of a sense of personal control on psychological and physical health.		enhance his feelings of self-confidence, self-efficacy, autonomy, and self-reliance.			She uses internal, stable, and global explanations for negative events.				chronic negative emotions.				Bill, a very ambitious, competitive, hostile, time-conscious real estate developer												none of the above; there is no correlation, either positive or negative, between social isolation and health.			Helena may find these demands physically and psychologically taxing, especially if any are long-term.																									Increase your use of stimulants, such as coffee or tea, to help keep you going.		distancing				confrontive coping.	emotion-focused coping strategies; problem-focused coping strategies																										True	
F080623477	06/11/2001	13:16:57 PST	16	16	80	352																																																																																																																																					Stress															Daily hassles						approach-approach conflict.									the stress that results from the pressure of adapting to a new culture.						disrupting attention and concentration.																							lymphocytes							psychoneuroimmunology.												be more active, alert, sociable, and healthier.	effects of a sense of personal control on psychological and physical health.	elderly nursing home residents who have a sense of control over their environment are healthier than elderly nursing home residents without a sense of personal control over their environment.	enhance his feelings of self-confidence, self-efficacy, autonomy, and self-reliance.																					the lack of social relationships is related to increased risk of health problems.																				more likely to generate negative emotions in people they are dealing with in trying to solve the problem.		emotion-focused; escape-avoidance									Both Michele's and Justine's strategies are likely to have beneficial effects on their physical well-being.		distancing.				emotion-focused coping strategies; problem-focused coping strategies												True			True										True		
�080623477	06/11/2001	13:27:21 PST	12	12	60	451																																																																																																																																							conflicts.											The life event approach assumes that any change produces stress, but research shows that positive changes are much less likely to produce stress than negative changes.						daily hassles; increase												acculturative stress.																						alarm							immune													Factors such as health-compromising behavior do not account for the relationship between stress and increased susceptibility to infection.									optimistic; pessimistic								Type A behavior pattern					Type A behavior pattern.		positively related to heart disease; the higher the level of hostility the greater the severity of coronary disease.									Being too helpful and overprotective, especially when dealing with sick people, may undermine self-confidence and slow physical recovery.							Janice Kiecolt-Glaser.			Problem-focused coping				emotion-focused; confrontive coping	problem-focused; planful problem solving							counterproductive in the long run.													personal autonomy; seeking social support																			True					True	
~449552672	06/12/2001	12:14:41 PST	14	14	70	657																																																																																																																																									quantifying major life events in terms of life change units.		health psychology.																												assimilation.		altering body functions in a way that leads to physical symptoms or illness.																	alarm	alarm; exhaustion	alarm; exhaustion								the immune system response cannot be classically conditioned, but the endocrine system response can.												small and may not										Martin Seligman would say that Oscar has a(n):  A. confrontive coping style.			chronic negative emotions.	be at greater risk than happy people for stress-related illnesses and symptoms.									because Yoko is low in hostility, her risk of developing coronary disease is no higher than that of anyone else.									Helena may find these demands physically and psychologically taxing, especially if any are long-term.															less likely to convey a sense of hostility toward others.													distancing.		denial																		False				True			True				
�	06/12/2001	12:53:38 PST	15	15	75	525																																																																																																																																					Stress			stressors.																				approach-approach conflicts		an approach-avoidance conflict.		highest; highest		acculturative stress.								making people more likely to engage in unhealthy behaviors.																							immune	endocrine system; endorphins	Robert Ader; Nicholas Cohen						result in reduced immune system functioning.																						Type A behavior pattern												the lack of social relationships is related to increased risk of health problems.											Janice Kiecolt-Glaser.							emotion-focused; confrontive coping							wishful thinking.	counterproductive in the long run.					Both Michele's and Justine's strategies are likely to have beneficial effects on their physical well-being.			positive reappraisal															True															
9000308558	06/12/2001	12:57:23 PST	18	18	90	838																																																																																																																																								stressors.															while each minor stressor may be relatively unimportant in itself the effect of daily hassles can be cumulative.																																'exhaustion' stage of the general adaptation syndrome.		the general adaptation syndrome.		alarm; resistance						immune		Robert Ader; Nicholas Cohen				psychoneuroimmunology.	The immune system response cannot be classically conditioned.																															because Yoko is low in hostility, her risk of developing coronary disease is no higher than that of anyone else.							being judgmental, evaluative, and critical; being nonjudgmental, nonevaluative, and unconditionally supportive						social striving.						problem-focused coping.				problem-focused; planful problem solving		wishful thinking											distancing													being a good listener and showing concern and interest		True									False							True	
�567155505	06/12/2001	13:17:07 PST	10	10	50	857																																																																																																																																							stressors.				health psychology.	psychoneuroimmunologist.						The SRRS does not take into account the person's subjective appraisal of an event, response to that event, or ability to cope with the event.					daily hassles tend to stimulate immune system responses and increase their effectiveness.			avoidance-approach conflict.																											along with Susan Folkman developed the cognitive appraisal model of stress and coping.										corticosteroids.	lymphocytes				although lymphocytes contain receptor sites for neurotransmitters and hormones, they are incapable of producing these chemicals.								Aron may suffer some ill-effects because a wide variety of stressors, both major and minor, are associated with diminished immune system functioning.	reduces the effectiveness of her immune system and its ability to fight infections.							effects of a sense of personal control on psychological and physical health.			pessimistic; optimistic								Type A behavior pattern											it provides correlational data that indicate how the two variables are related without ruling out the possibility of some third, unidentified factor.																		emotion-focused coping.																				emotion-focused coping strategies; problem-focused coping strategies												False									True						
,543514422	06/12/2001	16:00:27 PST	8	8	40	1352																																																																																																																																							stressors.					developmental psychologist.																													altering body functions in a way that leads to physical symptoms or illness.		direct		a direct result of stress.					corticosteroids.		hypothalamus, parasympathetic nervous system, adrenal cortex, secretion of corticosteroids								alarm; resistance				androgens																											optimistic explanatory style.									low risk of coronary disease but high risk of getting cancer.										being judgmental, evaluative, and critical; being nonjudgmental, nonevaluative, and unconditionally supportive									David and Marie realistically evaluate their situation and determine what can be done to minimize the impact of the stressors in their life.											escape-avoidance.												confrontive coping										being a good listener and showing concern and interest		True			False								True		True				
�527799754	06/12/2001	16:22:25 PST	14	14	70	613																																																																																																																																																		There is an inverse relationship between scores on the SRRS and physical and psychological problems; the higher the score, the lower health risks, and vice versa.														lowest; highest																		catecholamines.															immune					there are interconnections among psychological processes, nervous and endocrine system functions, and the immune system.	psychoneuroimmunology.							Factors such as health-compromising behavior do not account for the relationship between stress and increased susceptibility to infection.											She uses external, unstable, and specific explanations for negative events.						Type A behavior pattern										It may be that disease influences a person's emotions, rather than the other way around.	an initially healthy group of subjects are assessed on variables thought to be risk factors and are tracked over a period of time.				being judgmental, evaluative, and critical; being nonjudgmental, nonevaluative, and unconditionally supportive				Women may be more likely to suffer from the stress contagion effect because they tend to have larger and more intimate social networks.				Susan Folkman.					Emotion-focused coping							escape-avoidance.							Increase your use of stimulants, such as coffee or tea, to help keep you going.						distancing.	emotion-focused coping strategies; problem-focused coping strategies						expressions of concern, empathy, and positive regard; helpful suggestions and advice																					
�	06/12/2001	18:42:53 PST	16	16	80	768																																																																																																																																							stressors.							change.																			the clash of two different cultures.								altering body functions in a way that leads to physical symptoms or illness.							fight-or-flight	serotonin; dopamine																					there are interconnections among psychological processes, nervous and endocrine system functions, and the immune system.														effects of a stress-reduction training program on blood pressure and immune system functioning.										experience twice as many daily hassles and problems as happy people.						Type A behavior pattern.			because Yoko is low in hostility, her risk of developing coronary disease is no higher than that of anyone else.												women in general are more likely than men to suffer from the stress contagion effect.		Coping																	problem-focused; positive reappraisal				Both Michele's and Justine's strategies are likely to have beneficial effects on their physical well-being.									informational	tangible support.															False			True			False		

�574867460	05/22/2002	09:26:23 PST	0	0	0	11																																																																																																																																													n/r															n/r																						n/r	n/r											n/r					n/r	n/r						n/r							n/r					n/r																			n/r								n/r														n/r																	n/r			n/r					n/r		n/r	n/r								n/r					n/r			

�574867460	05/22/2002	09:32:23 PST	0	0	0	12																																																																																																																																								n/r																									n/r			n/r			n/r						n/r									n/r																					n/r	n/r			n/r															n/r			n/r																										n/r									n/r				n/r				n/r							n/r		n/r					n/r		n/r											n/r				

�574867460	05/22/2002	09:40:51 PST	0	0	0	12																																																																																																																																																						n/r																																n/r		n/r				n/r			n/r	n/r				n/r			n/r					n/r			n/r				n/r			n/r																			n/r				n/r					n/r						n/r	n/r																n/r																	n/r						n/r											

�574867460	05/22/2002	09:47:32 PST	0	0	0	27																																																																																																																																					n/r													n/r								n/r							n/r														n/r											n/r																						n/r		n/r			n/r				n/r											n/r						n/r																			n/r										n/r	n/r		n/r			n/r			n/r														n/r								n/r					
T575628380	06/04/2002	15:28:20 PST	0	0	0	672																																																																																																																																								stressors.			health psychology.				acculturative stress.			The SRRS does not take into account the person's subjective appraisal of an event, response to that event, or ability to cope with the event.											approach-avoidance											experience increased levels of stress due to the acculturation process.							fight-or-flight response.		the sympathetic nervous system; the endocrine system	catecholamines.					'exhaustion' stage of the general adaptation syndrome.												Robert Ader; Nicholas Cohen																						She uses external, unstable, and specific explanations for negative events.										hostility.																	the social contagion effect.				both suffer from the stress contagion effect.					emotion-focused; confrontive coping			escape-avoidance													positive reappraisal												talk about yourself and your own problems and give advice that was not asked for													True					
u541431771	06/05/2002	10:06:10 PST	0	0	0	560																																																																																																																																							stressors.		gender differences in response to stressors.					change.											The general adaptation syndrome																								serotonin; dopamine	catecholamines.							the fight-or-flight response.			alarm; exhaustion											bioneuropsychology.	The immune system response cannot be classically conditioned.			can temporarily alter immune system functioning.				exposure to bacteria, viruses, and other disease-causing agents							enhance his feelings of self-confidence, self-efficacy, autonomy, and self-reliance.									Type A behavior pattern																			Women are less likely to suffer from the stress contagion effect because they tend to have a smaller social network, consisting primarily of immediate family members.												problem-focused; planful problem solving	less likely to elicit emotional, tangible, and informational support from others.			escape-avoidance.										downward comparison.															True																
2541431771	06/05/2002	10:15:26 PST	0	0	0	1115																																																																																																																																							conflicts.		their respective cognitive appraisals of the event.					negative cognitive appraisals.											The general adaptation syndrome																								cognitive appraisal; learned helplessness	corticosteroids.							the general adaptation syndrome.			alarm; resistance											psychobioneurophysiology.	Lymphocytes themselves produce neurotransmitters and hormones.			have little or no effect on immune system functioning.				poor nutrition and personal health habits							increase his level of stress and decrease the effectiveness of his immune system.									Type B behavior pattern																			Women are more likely to serve as providers of support.												problem-focused; wishful thinking	more likely to generate negative emotions in people they are dealing with in trying to solve the problem.			distancing.										denial.															False																
#544154691	06/05/2002	10:28:00 PST	1	1	100	627																																																																																																																																											health psychology.		behavioral									the number of daily hassles people experience is a better predictor of psychological distress and physical illness than the number of major life events experienced.															integration		separation.													hypothalamus, parasympathetic nervous system, adrenal cortex, secretion of corticosteroids				corticosteroids.		alarm					lymphocytes.				Hans Selye; Walter B. Cannon																				optimistic; pessimistic											is showing a Type B behavior pattern.			hostility.						the lack of social relationships is related to increased risk of health problems.						people become upset about negative life events that happen to other people that they care about.		women in general are more likely than men to suffer from the stress contagion effect.																																							True						True							False			True	
�544154691	06/05/2002	10:42:09 PST	0	0	0	672																																																																																																																																					Stress	stress.	stressors.		quantifying major life events in terms of life change units.	stressor; stress																avoidance-avoidance conflict.																																						lymphocytes						there are interconnections among psychological processes, nervous and endocrine system functions, and the immune system.															elderly nursing home residents who have a sense of control over their environment are healthier than elderly nursing home residents without a sense of personal control over their environment.									experience twice as many daily hassles and problems as happy people.							hostility.	positively related to heart disease; the higher the level of hostility the greater the severity of coronary disease.							poor health and higher death rates.									Nicholas Cohen.																			Increase your use of stimulants, such as coffee or tea, to help keep you going.										informational			expressions of concern, empathy, and positive regard; helpful suggestions and advice											True		False		True						
4544154691	06/05/2002	10:52:56 PST	0	0	0	521																																																																																																																																							stressors.																														assimilation					disrupting immune system functioning.								dopamine.	Catecholamines	hypothalamus, parasympathetic nervous system, adrenal cortex, secretion of corticosteroids	described the fight-or-flight response, which involves the activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the endocrine system.										corticosteroids.													Aron may suffer some ill-effects because a wide variety of stressors, both major and minor, are associated with diminished immune system functioning.	reduces the effectiveness of her immune system and its ability to fight infections.								elderly nursing home residents who have a sense of control over their environment are healthier than elderly nursing home residents without a sense of personal control over their environment.							better physical and emotional well-being; poorer physical health, including increased occurrences of infectious disease	chronic negative emotions.				Bill, a very ambitious, competitive, hostile, time-conscious real estate developer																people under stress are more likely to catch infectious diseases.						Irene dwells constantly on her former boyfriend, no longer focuses on her studies, and passes up any opportunity to meet new people.						emotion-focused; confrontive coping			wishful thinking											distancing		positive reappraisal																														
�575628380	06/05/2002	12:28:03 PST	0	0	0	709																																																																																																																																								stressors.															while each minor stressor may be relatively unimportant in itself the effect of daily hassles can be cumulative.															integration.						directly affect											'exhaustion' stage of the general adaptation syndrome.										immune															large and usually					elderly nursing home residents who have a sense of control over their environment are healthier than elderly nursing home residents without a sense of personal control over their environment.	enhance his feelings of self-confidence, self-efficacy, autonomy, and self-reliance.	realistic; unrealistic					better physical and emotional well-being; poorer physical health, including increased occurrences of infectious disease															the lack of social relationships is related to increased risk of health problems.	the general adaptation syndrome.					people become upset about negative life events that happen to other people that they care about.										Problem-focused coping														Increase your use of stimulants, such as coffee or tea, to help keep you going.								problem-focused coping; emotion-focused coping	problem-focused coping strategies; emotion-focused coping strategies									True				True												
1540296550	06/05/2002	16:56:43 PST	0	0	0	665																																																																																																																																															daily hassles.	Daily Hassles Adjustment Measure (DHAM).													approach-approach						the stress that results from the pressure of adapting to a new culture.	acculturative stress.				experience decreased levels of stress due to the acculturation process.																lymphocytes.		alarm				Continued high levels of corticosteroids, especially cortisol, can weaken important body systems, lowering immunity and increasing susceptibility to physical symptoms and illness.							Psychosociobiology				result in reduced immune system functioning.										be more active, alert, sociable, and healthier.											experience twice as many daily hassles and problems as happy people.																							Coping	Robert Ader.																problem-focused; positive reappraisal																		being a good listener and showing concern and interest				True		False				False									

�540296550	06/05/2002	16:58:44 PST	0	0	0	14																																																																																																																																													n/r				n/r														n/r								n/r								n/r									n/r							n/r							n/r			n/r	n/r			n/r										n/r			n/r	n/r											n/r	n/r																									n/r						n/r																n/r																n/r					
�074660350	06/06/2002	12:36:00 PST	0	0	0	599																																																																																																																																																						the number of major life events people experience is a better predictor of psychological distress and physical illness than the number of daily hassles experienced.					a major life event.				Avoid seeking more information about your options to prevent feeling overwhelmed.			acculturative stress.						experience increased levels of stress due to the acculturation process.																	the general adaptation syndrome.		alarm; resistance		resistance; exhaustion				immune								suppress the secretion of catecholamines by her endocrine system.					High-stressed individuals get sick more often than low-stressed individuals primarily because they interact with more people.			reduces; decreases																		sense of time urgency.												Individuals who accept social support from others risk being labeled as weak, dependent, or incompetent.																					denial.		emotion-focused; seeking social support						distancing.				emotion-focused coping strategies; problem-focused coping strategies			informational	remedial support.																							

�074660350	06/06/2002	12:37:42 PST	0	0	0	26																																																																																																																																						n/r	n/r				n/r									n/r		n/r																		n/r																											n/r				n/r					n/r																										n/r							n/r		n/r		n/r			n/r								n/r	n/r																n/r							n/r															n/r	n/r							

�074660350	06/06/2002	12:40:15 PST	0	0	0	102																																																																																																																																										stressor; stress		n/r						n/r			n/r																					n/r				n/r			n/r					n/r																		n/r		n/r	n/r	n/r													n/r					n/r																		n/r																	n/r					n/r				n/r														n/r						n/r													
�550355178	06/07/2002	10:19:38 PST	0	0	0	699																																																																																																																																																							while each minor stressor may be relatively unimportant in itself the effect of daily hassles can be cumulative.			avoidance-avoidance conflict.				an approach-avoidance conflict.						acculturative stress.																			'exhaustion' stage of the general adaptation syndrome.				alarm; resistance	alarm; exhaustion							Robert Ader; Nicholas Cohen	even mild stressors, such as taking a quiz, can have long-term adverse effects on immune system functioning.		there are interconnections among psychological processes, nervous and endocrine system functions, and the immune system.	psychoneuroimmunology.														elderly nursing home residents are more likely to experience stress-related illnesses than elderly people living in their own home.		pessimistic; optimistic																	Hostile men and women do not express their anger outwardly, but instead bottle up their emotions and hide their true feelings.										Women may be more likely to suffer from the stress contagion effect because they tend to have larger and more intimate social networks.								problem-focused coping.			problem-focused; confrontive coping												Increase your use of stimulants, such as coffee or tea, to help keep you going.																					False										True			
E544212511	06/07/2002	10:25:19 PST	0	0	0	1094																																																																																																																																										stressor; stress					life events.	Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS).	Rachel has experienced very few problems or hassles during the past year.														Explore the option of adopting a partial approach strategy, whereby you leave yourself a possible way out.							integration.			altering body functions in a way that leads to physical symptoms or illness.		indirect							catecholamines.																																								optimistic explanatory style.												positively related to heart disease; the higher the level of hostility the greater the severity of coronary disease.	Yoko is at a very high risk for coronary disease and other health problems.				close relationships cause more stress and anxiety than does social isolation.								women in general are more likely than men to suffer from the stress contagion effect.							problem-focused coping.												emotion-focused; seeking social support				Both Michele's and Justine's strategies are likely to have beneficial effects on their physical well-being.				denial							emotional support.	direct assistance, such as financial aid; helpful suggestions and advice																					
-544154691	06/07/2002	12:44:11 PST	0	0	0	668																																																																																																																																										stressor; stress			health															avoidance-avoidance conflicts										assimilation.	separation.							described the fight-or-flight response, which involves the sympathetic nervous system and the endocrine system.																					Hans Selye; Walter B. Cannon					The immune system response cannot be classically conditioned.	result in reduced immune system functioning.																		pessimistic explanatory style.												Yoko is at a very high risk for coronary disease and other health problems.							being judgmental, evaluative, and critical; being nonjudgmental, nonevaluative, and unconditionally supportive																				escape-avoidance.						Stimulants like caffeine and nicotine increase the negative physiological effects of stress by increasing physiological arousal.			distancing		positive reappraisal														False				True					True	True						
�544154691	06/07/2002	13:01:25 PST	0	0	0	877																																																																																																																																														change.					positive and negative life events are equal in their contribution to levels of stress experienced.					daily hassles; increase									the clash of two different cultures.		the stress that results from the pressure of adapting to a new culture.							disrupting immune system functioning.		directly affect													the general adaptation syndrome.																	decreases the levels of both corticosteroids and catecholamines in the body.		Aron may suffer some ill-effects because a wide variety of stressors, both major and minor, are associated with diminished immune system functioning.							be more active, alert, sociable, and healthier.		elderly nursing home residents who have a sense of control over their environment are healthier than elderly nursing home residents without a sense of personal control over their environment.		pessimistic; optimistic																							being judgmental, evaluative, and critical; being nonjudgmental, nonevaluative, and unconditionally supportive																						wishful thinking.			are less physiologically reactive to stressors and produce lower levels of stress hormones.							denial			problem-focused coping; emotion-focused coping							being a good listener and showing concern and interest																True			
�563530141	06/07/2002	13:18:27 PST	8	8	40	412																																																																																																																																					Stress		conflicts.			stressor; stress																			approach-avoidance			highest; highest		integration-assimilation stress.																															immune					the endocrine system works completely independently of other body systems.								High-stressed individuals get sick more often than low-stressed individuals primarily because they interact with more people.		small but usually									She uses external, unstable, and specific explanations for negative events.					experience twice as many daily hassles and problems as happy people.						low risk of coronary disease and ill health.																											less likely to elicit emotional, tangible, and informational support from others.				confrontive coping.	distancing.			are less physiologically reactive to stressors and produce lower levels of stress hormones.								downward comparison.										talk about yourself and your own problems and give advice that was not asked for												False						
b563530141	06/07/2002	13:34:51 PST	1	1	100	564																																																																																																																																															acculturative stress.																					acculturative stress.																				catecholamines.				alarm; exhaustion								even mild stressors, such as taking a quiz, can have long-term adverse effects on immune system functioning.					result in reduced immune system functioning.					High-stressed individuals get sick more often than low-stressed individuals primarily because they interact with more people.			reduces; decreases											none of the above; physical or mental well-being							competitiveness.				because Yoko is low in hostility, her risk of developing coronary disease is no higher than that of anyone else.	Because hostile men and women are prone to get angry more often than others, they also experience stress more frequently.													Fight-or-flight				Problem-focused coping					problem-focused; planful problem solving					escape-avoidance.																														True						True		False	True	
�625032143\	06/10/2002	12:25:40 PST	0	0	0	534																																																																																																																																							stressors.							disruptions in personal relationships.	daily hassles.														approach-avoidance									marginalization.			altering body functions in a way that leads to physical symptoms or illness.									serotonin.				the general adaptation syndrome.						alarm; exhaustion								the immune system response cannot be classically conditioned, but the endocrine system response can.																										be at greater risk than happy people for stress-related illnesses and symptoms.							hostility.													Women are less likely to suffer from the stress contagion effect because they tend to have a smaller social network, consisting primarily of immediate family members.																					are less physiologically reactive to stressors and produce lower levels of stress hormones.		Increase your use of stimulants, such as coffee or tea, to help keep you going.								individualistic cultures; collectivistic cultures			remedial support.			tangible; informational							False									True				
�625032143\	06/10/2002	12:28:01 PST	11	11	55	675																																																																																																																																							stressors.							disruptions in personal relationships.	daily hassles.														approach-avoidance									marginalization.			altering body functions in a way that leads to physical symptoms or illness.									serotonin.				the general adaptation syndrome.						alarm; exhaustion								the immune system response cannot be classically conditioned, but the endocrine system response can.																										be at greater risk than happy people for stress-related illnesses and symptoms.							hostility.													Women are less likely to suffer from the stress contagion effect because they tend to have a smaller social network, consisting primarily of immediate family members.																					are less physiologically reactive to stressors and produce lower levels of stress hormones.		Increase your use of stimulants, such as coffee or tea, to help keep you going.								individualistic cultures; collectivistic cultures			remedial support.			tangible; informational							False									True				
�625032143	06/10/2002	12:40:02 PST	0	0	0	542																																																																																																																																						stress.	stressors.		their respective cognitive appraisals of the event.													the number of major life events people experience is a better predictor of psychological distress and physical illness than the number of daily hassles experienced.										highest and lowest; same		acculturative stress.						experience increased levels of stress due to the acculturation process.	altering body functions in a way that leads to physical symptoms or illness.	making people more likely to engage in unhealthy behaviors.																																																		better physical and emotional well-being; poorer physical health, including increased occurrences of infectious disease										positively related to heart disease; the higher the level of hostility the greater the severity of coronary disease.	because Yoko is low in hostility, her risk of developing coronary disease is no higher than that of anyone else.	Because hostile men and women are prone to get angry more often than others, they also experience stress more frequently.																are coping in adaptive ways with multiple stressors.					problem-focused; confrontive coping						wishful thinking.											denial	personal reappraisal.																								False		True		
�625032143	06/10/2002	12:40:25 PST	15	15	75	565																																																																																																																																						stress.	stressors.		their respective cognitive appraisals of the event.													the number of major life events people experience is a better predictor of psychological distress and physical illness than the number of daily hassles experienced.										highest and lowest; same		acculturative stress.						experience increased levels of stress due to the acculturation process.	altering body functions in a way that leads to physical symptoms or illness.	making people more likely to engage in unhealthy behaviors.																																																		better physical and emotional well-being; poorer physical health, including increased occurrences of infectious disease										positively related to heart disease; the higher the level of hostility the greater the severity of coronary disease.	because Yoko is low in hostility, her risk of developing coronary disease is no higher than that of anyone else.	Because hostile men and women are prone to get angry more often than others, they also experience stress more frequently.																are coping in adaptive ways with multiple stressors.					problem-focused; confrontive coping						wishful thinking.											denial	personal reappraisal.																								False		True		
	06/10/2002	12:40:59 PST	2	2	33	457																																																																																																																																																								daily hassles; increase														integration.			altering body functions in a way that leads to physical symptoms or illness.								the sympathetic nervous system; the endocrine system				defined stress as 'the nonspecific response of the body to any demand placed on it' and described a response to prolonged stress called the general adaptation syndrome.							alarm; resistance																						having a sense of personal control over the stressful situation	be more active, alert, sociable, and healthier.		elderly nursing home residents who have a sense of control over their environment are healthier than elderly nursing home residents without a sense of personal control over their environment.																			Hostile people tend to react more intensely than other people to a stressor and experience increases in blood pressure, heart rate, and the production of stress-related hormones.	A person's health at any given time is influenced by the complex interaction of biological, psychological, and social factors.				poor health and higher death rates.						women in general are more likely than men to suffer from the stress contagion effect.										emotion-focused; confrontive coping												Increase your use of stimulants, such as coffee or tea, to help keep you going.																								True			True			True		True	True	
	06/10/2002	12:44:42 PST	16	16	80	681																																																																																																																																																								daily hassles; increase														integration.			altering body functions in a way that leads to physical symptoms or illness.								the sympathetic nervous system; the endocrine system				defined stress as 'the nonspecific response of the body to any demand placed on it' and described a response to prolonged stress called the general adaptation syndrome.							alarm; resistance																						having a sense of personal control over the stressful situation	be more active, alert, sociable, and healthier.		elderly nursing home residents who have a sense of control over their environment are healthier than elderly nursing home residents without a sense of personal control over their environment.																			Hostile people tend to react more intensely than other people to a stressor and experience increases in blood pressure, heart rate, and the production of stress-related hormones.	A person's health at any given time is influenced by the complex interaction of biological, psychological, and social factors.				poor health and higher death rates.						women in general are more likely than men to suffer from the stress contagion effect.										problem-focused; confrontive coping												Increase your use of stimulants, such as coffee or tea, to help keep you going.																								True			True			True		True	True	
^625032143	06/10/2002	12:49:26 PST	16	16	80	392																																																																																																																																																	It is not possible to make an accurate prediction about Rachel's future health because scores on the SRRS are weakly correlated with the development of physical and psychological problems.					the number of daily hassles people experience is a better predictor of psychological distress and physical illness than the number of major life events experienced.											the clash of two different cultures.		the stress that results from the pressure of adapting to a new culture.		separation	integration.																																		Lymphocytes themselves produce neurotransmitters and hormones.		adversely affects immune system functioning.					poor nutrition and personal health habits														chronic negative emotions.							Type A behavior pattern.			because Yoko is low in hostility, her risk of developing coronary disease is no higher than that of anyone else.															Nicholas Cohen.				problem-focused coping.		emotion-focused coping.	problem-focused; confrontive coping											Stimulants like caffeine and nicotine increase the negative physiological effects of stress by increasing physiological arousal.																		True				False					False								
279488478]	06/10/2002	12:54:42 PST	19	19	95	429																																																																																																																																																								daily hassles; increase														integration.	assimilation.												Corticosteroids						the general adaptation syndrome.			alarm; resistance	resistance; exhaustion											The immune system response cannot be classically conditioned.				Aron may suffer some ill-effects because a wide variety of stressors, both major and minor, are associated with diminished immune system functioning.												external, unstable, and specific explanations for negative events.	She uses internal, stable, and global explanations for negative events.						Type A behavior pattern								because Yoko is low in hostility, her risk of developing coronary disease is no higher than that of anyone else.						poor health and higher death rates.																		less likely to convey a sense of hostility toward others.										Increase your use of stimulants, such as coffee or tea, to help keep you going.	Both Michele's and Justine's strategies are likely to have beneficial effects on their physical well-being.														being a good listener and showing concern and interest													False	True					
�625032143	06/10/2002	12:58:12 PST	18	18	90	407																																																																																																																																						stress.			their respective cognitive appraisals of the event.									The life event approach assumes that any change produces stress, but research shows that positive changes are much less likely to produce stress than negative changes.				the number of daily hassles people experience is a better predictor of psychological distress and physical illness than the number of major life events experienced.					an approach-approach conflict.							acculturative stress.						experience increased levels of stress due to the acculturation process.																														there are interconnections among psychological processes, nervous and endocrine system functions, and the immune system.				adversely affects immune system functioning.							reduces; decreases				a sense of personal control reduces stress in younger people, but adds to the level of stress experienced by elderly nursing home residents.									be at greater risk than happy people for stress-related illnesses and symptoms.																being judgmental, evaluative, and critical; being nonjudgmental, nonevaluative, and unconditionally supportive					women in general are more likely than men to suffer from the stress contagion effect.																				are less physiologically reactive to stressors and produce lower levels of stress hormones.											emotion-focused coping strategies; problem-focused coping strategies					tangible; informational		talk about yourself and your own problems and give advice that was not asked for											True					False		
�279488478	06/10/2002	13:03:00 PST	15	15	75	361																																																																																																																																														change.								the number of daily hassles people experience is a better predictor of psychological distress and physical illness than the number of major life events experienced.		daily hassles; increase																						along with Richard Lazarus developed the cognitive appraisal model of stress.			the parasympathetic nervous system; the endocrine system						'exhaustion' stage of the general adaptation syndrome.																												be more active, alert, sociable, and healthier.					external, unstable, and specific explanations for negative events.	She uses external, unstable, and specific explanations for negative events.					be at greater risk than happy people for stress-related illnesses and symptoms.						Type A behavior pattern.	hostility.																		Irene dwells constantly on her former boyfriend, no longer focuses on her studies, and passes up any opportunity to meet new people.																					distancing.																	False	False			True	False				True			True		
279488478	06/10/2002	13:12:46 PST	19	19	95	378																																																																																																																																						stress.											It is not possible to make an accurate prediction about Rachel's future health because scores on the SRRS are weakly correlated with the development of physical and psychological problems.									approach-avoidance conflict.		approach-avoidance conflicts												experience increased levels of stress due to the acculturation process.													defined stress as 'the nonspecific response of the body to any demand placed on it' and described a response to prolonged stress called the general adaptation syndrome.							alarm; resistance												The immune system response cannot be classically conditioned.	result in reduced immune system functioning.	adversely affects immune system functioning.															She uses internal, stable, and global explanations for negative events.						Type A behavior pattern					Type A behavior pattern.				Hostile men and women do not express their anger outwardly, but instead bottle up their emotions and hide their true feelings.		an initially healthy group of subjects are assessed on variables thought to be risk factors and are tracked over a period of time.																						approach-avoidance								Stimulants like caffeine and nicotine increase the negative physiological effects of stress by increasing physiological arousal.																						False				False		True							
a522279685	06/10/2002	13:58:13 PST	13	13	65	561																																																																																																																																													health	change.					positive and negative life events are equal in their contribution to levels of stress experienced.		daily hassles.	the number of daily hassles people experience is a better predictor of psychological distress and physical illness than the number of major life events experienced.														separation-integration stress.							direct					fight-or-flight																								The immune system response cannot be classically conditioned.																									Bill, a very ambitious, competitive, hostile, time-conscious real estate developer		sense of time urgency.														people under stress are more likely to catch infectious diseases.			the social contagion effect.			Irene dwells constantly on her former boyfriend, no longer focuses on her studies, and passes up any opportunity to meet new people.																do not differ from the inactive people in terms of physiological stress reactions but the physically fit people react less emotionally to stressful events.		Increase your use of stimulants, such as coffee or tea, to help keep you going.															being a good listener and showing concern and interest					True			False							True				
�563530141	06/10/2002	14:12:04 PST	0	0	0	603																																																																																																																																							stressors.															the frequency of daily hassles is unrelated to psychological distress and physical illness.									Avoid seeking more information about your options to prevent feeling overwhelmed.			acculturative stress.																		pituitary gland, release of ACTH, sympathetic nervous system, adrenal medulla, secretion of catecholamines		the fight-or-flight response.																	psychoneuroimmunology.												be more active, alert, sociable, and healthier.												Type A behavior pattern		Bill, a very ambitious, competitive, hostile, time-conscious real estate developer							Hostile men and women do not express their anger outwardly, but instead bottle up their emotions and hide their true feelings.									people deal with stress by using a coping strategy called distancing.																	distancing.	escape-avoidance.				are less physiologically reactive to stressors and produce lower levels of stress hormones.		Increase your use of stimulants, such as coffee or tea, to help keep you going.			distancing.																		False		False			True								

�563530141	06/10/2002	14:15:15 PST	0	0	0	15																																																																																																																																													n/r																n/r					n/r													n/r								n/r					n/r	n/r			n/r	n/r		n/r																							n/r		n/r		n/r					n/r																																	n/r		n/r			n/r										n/r			n/r					n/r																

�563530141	06/10/2002	14:24:33 PST	0	0	0	18																																																																																																																																												n/r																									n/r			n/r			n/r			n/r						n/r				n/r					n/r															n/r				n/r		n/r							n/r				n/r														n/r									n/r							n/r							n/r									n/r							n/r											n/r														
�544212511	06/11/2002	11:55:49 PST	0	0	0	731																																																																																																																																																															Explore the option of adopting a partial approach strategy, whereby you leave yourself a possible way out.									experience increased levels of stress due to the acculturation process.																		alarm		alarm; resistance								the immune system response can be classically conditioned.	Psychoneuroimmunology										exposure to bacteria, viruses, and other disease-causing agents				be more active, alert, sociable, and healthier.			increase his level of stress and decrease the effectiveness of his immune system.				optimistic explanatory style.		better physical and emotional well-being; poorer physical health, including increased occurrences of infectious disease					Bill, a very ambitious, competitive, hostile, time-conscious real estate developer	has an optimistic explanatory style.									poor physical health is unrelated to social isolation.					Helena may find these demands physically and psychologically taxing, especially if any are long-term.	people become upset about negative life events that happen to other people that they care about.																emotion-focused; escape-avoidance												positive reappraisal											being a good listener and showing concern and interest	talk about yourself and your own problems and give advice that was not asked for																		

�544212511	06/11/2002	12:13:42 PST	0	0	0	753																																																																																																																																							n/r																			n/r		n/r				n/r																n/r			n/r													n/r																		n/r		n/r		n/r	n/r													n/r									n/r				n/r						n/r									n/r	n/r	n/r														n/r																					n/r						
�540296550	06/12/2002	09:28:53 PST	0	0	0	781																																																																																																																																													behavioral						positive and negative life events are equal in their contribution to levels of stress experienced.												Explore the option of adopting a partial approach strategy, whereby you leave yourself a possible way out.	lowest; highest																				hypothalamus, sympathetic nervous system, adrenal medulla, secretion of catecholamines													immune		Robert Ader; Nicholas Cohen									Aron may suffer some ill-effects because a wide variety of stressors, both major and minor, are associated with diminished immune system functioning.	reduces the effectiveness of her immune system and its ability to fight infections.			small but usually		having a sense of personal control over the stressful situation															Bill, a very ambitious, competitive, hostile, time-conscious real estate developer					positively related to heart disease; the higher the level of hostility the greater the severity of coronary disease.	Yoko is at a very high risk for coronary disease and other health problems.																									approach-avoidance							respond more vigorously to stressful situations because of their heightened physiological arousal due to exercise.					distancing.																				False		False							False